Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0079731 (B-cell lymphoma)
 16,671 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) was estimated in the tissues of 42 patients with lymphoma, whose cells were also typed by the use of surface markers. Four of the 8 patients with T-cell lymphoma were TdT+ including patients whose lymph nodes showed an undifferentiated or poorly differentiated appearance. The TdT- T-cell lymphomas included cases with diffuse histiocytic Sezary cell, diffuse, poorly differentiated and angio-immunoblastic histology. The tissues of 31 patients with B-cell lymphoma were invariably TdT-, whether the histology was poorly differentiated, well differentiated, nodular, diffuse, histiocytic or Burkitt type, and including cases with about equal proportions of T and B cells, and those whose cells showed non-capping and capping surface immunoglobulin. Hodgkin's tissue was also invariably TdT-. We conclude that estimation of TdT in tissues of patients with malignant lymphoma may be a useful test in diagnosing the T-cell lymphoma, particularly in patients with tumours of undifferentiated or poorly differentiated histology.
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PMID:Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase activity in lymphoma. 31 14

Thirty-three cases of Hodgkin's disease (thirteen nodular sclerosis, four diffuse, lymphocyte predominance, and sixteen mixed cellularity) were studied with Bauhinia purpurea (BPA), peanut agglutinin (PNA), anti-Leu-M1, LN2, and Ber-H2 by the avidinbiotin-peroxidase complex (ABC) method in paraffin sections. Reed-Sternberg (RS) cells and variants were stained positively with one or more of the reagents in all cases. BPA staining was positive in 32 of 33 cases (97.0%), PNA staining was positive in 23 of 33 cases (69.7%), Leu-M1 was positive in 13 of 33 cases (39.4%), LN2 was positive in 14 of 33 cases (42.4%), and Ber-H2 was positive in 24 of 33 cases (72.7%). Many RS cells were stained moderately to strongly and were readily recognized in 31 cases (96.9%) of BPA+, 10 (43.5%) of PNA+, 8 (61.5%) of Leu-M1+, 6 (42.9%) of LN2+, and 22 (91.7%) of Ber-H2+ cases; in the remaining positive cases, the RS cells were found only after careful searching. Three staining patterns were recognized: paranuclear, diffuse cytoplasmic, and membranous. These three patterns were obtained with all markers except for LN2. LN2 showed diffuse cytoplasmic staining in most of the positive cells, and a few cells showed paranuclear deposits. BPA reactivity was not affected by formalin fixation or paraffin embedding. Except for RS cells, BPA also showed dense cytoplasmic staining reaction with macrophage-histiocytes. Sixty cases of non-Hodgkin's diffuse lymphomas (30 T- and 30 B-cell origin) were also studied. Tumor cells were not stained with BPA, PNA, and Leu-M1, but stained positively with LN2 in six T-cell lymphomas and thirteen B-cell lymphomas, and with Ber-H2 in six T-cell lymphomas and one B-cell lymphoma. In conclusion, to facilitate the detection of RS cells and related variants in paraffin sections, BPA can be accepted as a useful marker due to its high-detection rate, reproducible staining pattern, and resistance to fixatives.
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PMID:Bauhinia purpurea--a new paraffin section marker for Reed-Sternberg cells of Hodgkin's disease. A comparison with Leu-M1 (CD15), LN2 (CD74), peanut agglutinin, and Ber-H2 (CD30). 135 44

Southern blot hybridization was used to detect the rearrangement and amplification of five proto-oncogenes (bcl-2, bcl-1, c-myc, c-myb and c-Ha-ras) and one tumor suppressor gene (RB-1) in 55 Japanese patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma; 16 with T-cell lymphomas and 39 with B-cell lymphomas (7 follicular and 32 diffuse lymphomas). Genetic abnormalities of the proto-oncogenes were detected in 7 of the 55 (13%). Genetic abnormalities of bcl-2 plus other genes were detected in 5 of 7 cases of follicular lymphoma (71%), rearrangements of bcl-2 and c-myc, rearrangement of bcl-2 and amplification of c-myb. Genetic abnormalities were observed in only three cases of diffuse lymphoma. In each of 3 cases of B-cell lymphoma, one of the genes, blc-2 mbr, bcl-2 mcr and c-myc, was rearranged respectively. The incidence of genetic abnormalities in diffuse lymphomas (6.3%) was lower than that in follicular lymphomas. None of diffuse lymphomas had double oncogene abnormality. No abnormalities were found in RB-1, bcl-1, and Ha-ras. These findings suggest that follicular lymphomas are associated with some abnormalities of oncogenes not restricted to bcl-2 that facilitate growth which may be associated with their clinical features.
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PMID:Detection of oncogene rearrangements in human non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. 148 35

The nasal peripheral (post-thymic) T-cell lymphoma is an important cause of the midline granuloma syndrome (MGS), in which ulceration and destruction of the tissues of the nose and paranasal sinuses occurs. We reviewed the histology of 9 cases of the MGS treated with radiotherapy, and, using immunocytochemistry, showed 8 cases to be peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCL) and 1 a B-cell lymphoma. All patients received radiotherapy and 2 died shortly after treatment from unrelated causes. Two patients with T-cell lymphoma and the solitary case of B-cell lymphoma achieved long-term disease-free survival. The 4 remaining cases of T-cell lymphoma relapsed locally at a median interval of 3.5 months despite megavoltage irradiation of 45-50 Gy (in 3 cases) and inclusion of uninvolved paranasal sinuses and the nasopharynx in the field (in 2 cases). All patients with local relapse achieved, and remain in, remission after treatment with alkylating agents and prednisolone. The disappointing response of some cases of nasal T-cell lymphoma to radiotherapy has been reported by others, and this may be due partly to the heterogeneity of nasal lymphomas. We are unable to provide clear guidelines for treatment but suggest that a role exists for initial treatment with oral alkylating agents and steroids in newly diagnosed cases.
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PMID:Nasal peripheral T-cell lymphoma: a 20-year review of cases treated in Scotland. 155 33

Three murine lymphoma cell lines, CH1, a B-cell lymphoma, and VL3 and RDM4, both T-cell lymphomas, were tested for their ability to induce heat shock protein synthesis and thermotolerance after heat shock. All three lines could develop thermotolerance, but the persistence of tolerance was less than can be measured in nonlymphoid cell lines. Analysis of protein synthesis patterns by one-dimensional gel electrophoresis suggested that only the VL3 cells were capable of the induction of heat shock proteins. After two-dimensional gel analysis, however, the induction of one heat shock protein was evident in RDM4 cells. No induced heat shock proteins could be detected in the CH1 cells. These data provide strong evidence that, while the induction of heat shock proteins may be sufficient for development of thermotolerance, they are not necessary and that another mechanism is available to cells.
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PMID:Thermotolerance in the absence of induced heat shock proteins in a murine lymphoma. 158 99

Clinical and pathologic features of 24 patients with large cell lymphomas that expressed the activation antigen Ki-1 are described. Phenotypic and/or genotypic studies characterized these neoplasms as T-cell (16 cases), B-cell (six cases), or null cell (two cases) type. Males predominantly were affected. Age of patients ranged from 19 to 73 years, with a bimodal distribution, with peaks in the third and seventh decades. Lymphadenopathy was present in nearly all patients. Extranodal involvement, including skin, soft tissue, bone, central nervous system, lung, or small intestine was observed in a total of 54% of the patients, either at presentation or during the course of disease. "Prototypic" features of large cell anaplastic lymphomas were observed for eight T-cell lymphomas, with morphologic heterogeneity noted for the remainder. Eight patients, all with T-cell neoplasms (only one with prototypic morphology), have died of lymphoma (median survival, 5 months). An antecedent history of a lymphoproliferative disorder (mycosis fungoides, B-cell lymphoma, immunoblastic lymphadenopathy) was apparent in seven patients. An 8-year history of Crohn's disease occurred in one patient with a T-cell lymphoma involving small intestine. Phenotypically, loss of one or more markers was typically noted for T-cell neoplasms. Leukocyte common antigen was detected in all cases, although partial loss of immunoreactivity was noticed in some cases. Nearly all cases evaluated for Ia antigen or alpha-1-antichymotrysin were reactive. Eleven of 16 T-cell, two of six B-cell, and two null cell lymphomas expressed epithelial membrane antigen. Ki-1-positive large cell lymphomas are characterized by clinical, morphologic, and immunophenotypic heterogeneity.
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PMID:Ki-1-positive large cell lymphomas, a heterogenous group of neoplasms. Morphologic, immunophenotypic, genotypic, and clinical features of 24 cases. 164 95

In the search for immunoreagents appropriate for the histopathologic diagnosis of malignant B-cell lymphomas in routinely processed paraffin sections, a new monoclonal antibody, Ki-B5, was generated using a high-grade B-cell lymphoma as the immunogene. Ki-B5 is a mouse IgG1/kappa that recognizes five protein fractions of about 84, 82, 55, 48, and 27 Kd after biosynthetic radiolabeling and immunoprecipitation. Protein fractions with the molecular weights of approximately 84 and 82 Kd were expressed on the cell surface and show that Ki-B5 is probably unrelated to CD45. It was possible through electron microscopy to visualize the membrane-bound portion of Ki-B5. Extensive immunohistologic studies on normal human tissue and various neoplasias demonstrated the high specificity of Ki-B5 to normal human B cells and a minor subgroup of plasma cells. Except for ML-2, which is a myelomonocytic human cell line, Ki-B5 exclusively recognized the B-cell lineage, including EB-3, BALL-1, and NALM-1. All carcinomas, sarcomas, and malignant melanomas tested with Ki-B5 were negative. Although normal granulocytes and monocytes were constantly negative, three of eight myelomonocytic leukemias coreacted with this antibody. Eight of the 57 T-cell lymphomas studied were positive to Ki-B5. Five were classified as lymphoblastic, two represented T8-CLL, and one was classified as immunoblastic T-cell lymphoma. Only 3 of 126 cases of B-cell lymphoma, including rare types not considered in the current classifications, were negative to Ki-B5. Plasmacytomas were also negative, except for one case. Irrespective of the cases of lymphoblastic lymphoma and plasmacytoma, Ki-B5 represents a new monoclonal antibody appropriate for the diagnosis and immunophenotyping of malignant lymphomas in routinely processed paraffin sections.
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PMID:Ki-B5: a monoclonal antibody unrelated to CD45 recognizes normal and neoplastic human B cells in routine paraffin sections. 170 65

One hundred fifty-two cases (155 specimens) of lymphoproliferative disorders were studied by immunohistochemistry and gene rearrangement analysis. Ninety-five of 96 B-cell lymphomas (99%) showed genotypic B-cell monoclonality. Of these, five cases had rearranged T-cell receptor (TCR) beta chain gene in addition to immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) and kappa light chain (Ig-K), one case had rearranged IgH and TCR-gamma chain but not Ig-K or TCR-beta, and two cases had only Ig-K rearrangement. One exceptional case in the B-cell lymphoma group had unrearranged, germline genotypes. In contrast, only 10 of 19 (53%) phenotypic T-cell lymphomas had rearranged TCR-beta, eight with concurrent TCR-gamma rearrangement. Of the remaining nine cases, six had germline configuration, two had rearranged Ig-K only, and one had both IgH and Ig-K rearrangement. This last case was reclassified as T-cell predominant, B-cell lymphoma. Thirteen of 16 cases of Hodgkin's disease had germline configuration; three cases had rearranged IgH and Ig-K, of which two were lymphocyte predominant with light chain monoclonality and one was a recurrence. Among 21 reactive lesions, 17 had germline configuration and four had rearranged IgH and Ig-K genes. Of these four cases, two were orbital lesions, one was a partially involved lymph node, and one developed a nodular lymphoma 9 months later. Our results indicate that almost all B-cell lymphomas have IgH and/or Ig-K rearrangement. In contrast, peripheral T-cell lymphomas have greater genotypic heterogeneity, and germline patterns for TCR genes are not uncommon. Reactive lesions and Hodgkin's disease tend to retain germline configuration, and any exception is often associated with an unusual clinical setting and/or histology. Genotypic analysis is thus most indicated in B-cell lymphomas with equivocal immunohistochemistry findings, T-cell lymphomas, and atypical cases of Hodgkin's disease and reactive lesions.
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PMID:Immunohistochemistry and gene rearrangement studies in the diagnosis of malignant lymphomas: a comparison of 152 cases. 174 31

The authors report on the extensive characterization, on normal and pathologic tissues, of the T-cell-specific monoclonal antibody (MoAb) A6, which the authors previously found to identify a fixation- and paraffin-embedding-resistant epitope. A6 reacted with most T lymphocytes, macrophages, and Langerhans' cells of normal tissues and with peripheral T-cell lymphomas (31 of 34), Ki-1+ lymphomas (12 of 18), and T-cell leukemias (1 of 5). All cases of X and non-X histiocytosis examined and monocytic leukemias with mature phenotype only were A6 positive. Three of 47 cases of B-cell lymphoma and leukemia were labeled. Hairy cell leukemias, multiple myelomas, and Hodgkin's and Reed-Sternberg cells were negative. The A6 reactivity was preserved with different fixatives (formalin, Bouin's fluid, Carnoy's fixative, and B5) and decalcification procedures and was slightly enhanced by trypsin digestion. The pattern of reactivity of A6 was similar to that obtained with MoAb UCHL-1, recognizing the CD45RO determinant of leukocyte common antigen; however, in pathologic tissues, A6 labeled a higher percentage of cells than UCHL-1. Cross-blocking and enzyme digestion studies (Pronase E [Sigma Chemical, St. Louis, MO] and neuraminidase [Sigma Chemical]) indicated that the two MoAbs may identify close epitopes on the same molecule. In conclusion, the authors' study indicates that A6 is an excellent reagent for detection of the CD45RO molecule on paraffin-embedded normal and pathologic tissues.
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PMID:A6--a new 45RO monoclonal antibody for immunostaining of paraffin-embedded tissues. 182 47

Since the recognition of Kaposi's sarcoma as a manifestation of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, subsequent malignancies such as non-Hodgkin's B-cell lymphoma and primary central nervous system lymphoma have been found to be associated with individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and current concepts of pathogenesis are reviewed in this article. In addition, the relation between HIV and other malignancies, including Hodgkin's lymphoma, T-cell lymphomas, and anorectal carcinoma, is discussed. In general, HIV-related malignancies are more aggressive, respond poorly to treatment, and are associated with an extremely high rate of mortality.
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PMID:HIV-related malignancies. 187 28


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