Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0079731 (B-cell lymphoma)
 16,671 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The clinicopathologic features of 23 patients with hematophagic histiocytosis (HH) are described. All of them exhibited increased histiocytes associated with hemophagocytosis in the marrow. The patients usually presented with fever, hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, and cytopenia. The underlying illnesses were heterogeneous, including non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in 17, systemic lupus erythematosus in one, diabetes mellitus in one, acute myelomonocytic leukemia in one, myelodysplastic syndrome in one, and unknown cause in two. Among 17 non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, 14 were peripheral T-cell lymphoma, two were B-cell lymphoma, and one was an undefined phenotype. Among 14 patients with peripheral T-cell lymphoma, six of the patients had nasal T-cell lymphoma. Five of these 14 patients initially diagnosed as malignant histiocytosis turned out to be T-lineage lymphoma after immunophenotypic studies. Active infections, most of viral origin, were documented in eight patients, including Epstein-Barr virus in three, cytomegalovirus in three, herpes simplex virus in three, Pseudomonas aeruginosa in one, Bacteroides vulgatus in one, and mycoplasma in one. Some of them had mixed virus and bacteria infection. Sixteen (70%) of our patients died of their acute illness within 10 weeks of the diagnosis of HH. In the past, the clinical and histologic differentiation between hematophagic histiocytosis and true histiocytic neoplasm (histiocytic medullary reticulosis/malignant histiocytosis) has proved difficult, but now these can be distinguished with immunohistologic, immunogenetic, and cytogenetic studies, especially in the cases of peripheral T-cell lymphoma with hemophagocytic syndrome.
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PMID:Hematophagic histiocytosis: a clinicopathologic analysis of 23 cases with special reference to the association with peripheral T-cell lymphoma. 792 83

Monoclonal antibodies directed against the Epstein-Barr virus nuclear protein 1 (EBNA1) were used to examine conventional paraffin sections from a series of EBV-associated lymphoproliferative disorders by immunohistochemistry. The presence of latent EBV infection in tumor cells was determined by in situ hybridization for the Epstein-Barr virus early RNAs (EBERs). Of those EBER-positive cases a total of 28 of 40 cases of Hodgkin's disease, 3 of 3 cases of Burkitt's lymphoma, and 8 of 8 cases of human immunodeficiency virus-associated cerebral B-cell lymphoma expressed detectable amounts of EBNA1. In the positive cases, expression was confined to the tumor cells. No reactivity was detected in EBV-negative cases of the above tumors or in 8 cases of EBV-negative cases of large cell anaplastic non-Hodgkin lymphoma. This report provides the first unequivocal evidence for the expression of the EBNA1 protein in the tumor cells of Hodgkin's disease and validates an important reagent with which to analyze the role of EBV in various virus-associated malignancies.
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PMID:Monoclonal antibodies directed against the Epstein-Barr virus-encoded nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA1): immunohistologic detection of EBNA1 in the malignant cells of Hodgkin's disease. 794 35

There is strong evidence to show an association of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection with the development of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease. We report the rapid development of a malignant lymphoma in a heart transplant recipient, which occurred within less than eight weeks. The diagnosis of this malignant high grade B-cell lymphoma was established by open lung biopsy, and classified as centroblastic lymphoma of polymorphic subtype. Immunohistochemically, the lymphoma showed reactivity with the B-cell markers L-26 (CD20) and Ki-B5 and with the activation marker Ber-H2 (CD30). Furthermore, an expression of the bcl-2 oncoprotein was detected. Monoclonal JH gene rearrangement was demonstrated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), indicating monoclonal proliferation of B-blasts. Although serum EBV immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies were negative, the association to an EBV infection could be demonstrated by EBV immunostaining pattern which revealed an expression of the latent membrane protein (LMP) of EBV in the atypical blasts. The results give clear evidence of an EBV association of this rapidly growing lymphoma developed after heart transplantation.
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PMID:Rapidly growing Epstein-Barr virus-associated pulmonary lymphoma after heart transplantation. 801 19

We report a primary non-Hodgkin's B-cell lymphoma of the urethra in a 78-year-old female. Serum antibodies for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) were negative, but there was a 40-fold increase in antibodies to EBV-associated nuclear antigen. Using PCR and in situ hybridization techniques, EBV genome was found in the tumour cell nuclei.
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PMID:Malignant lymphoma of the urethra: report of a case with detection of Epstein-Barr virus genome in the tumour cells. 806 80

Recent studies have suggested a probable etiologic association between Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and nasal lymphomas, irrespective of geographic location. This study was performed to investigate the strength of association of EBV with non-Hodgkin's lymphomas of the upper aerodigestive tract, based on a large series of cases that have been thoroughly immunophenotyped on frozen tissues. A sensitive in situ hybridization technique was used to detect EBV encoded RNA (EBER) in paraffin sections. Among 30 cases of nasal/nasopharyngeal T-cell lymphoma, 25 (83.3%) were EBER-positive. In the positive cases, most of the neoplastic cells showed strong nuclear signals. Further analysis of this group of tumors showed that all 21 cases (100%) with a CD56+ CD3-phenotype were EBER positive, whereas four of nine cases (44.4%) with a CD56-negative immunophenotype were positive. Only one of 10 cases (10%) of nasal/nasopharyngeal B-cell lymphoma was EBER positive; the positive case was a diffuse mixed-cell lymphoma and could not be distinguished morphologically from the negative cases. Among the 21 cases of lymphoma of the tonsils and back of the tongue (20 B-lineage and one T-lineage), none was EBER positive. In the normal mucosa of the nose/nasopharynx or tonsil (20 cases studied), only very rare EBER-positive small lymphocytes were found in two cases. The almost exclusive detection of EBER in nasal/nasopharyngeal T-cell neoplasms among the lymphomas of the upper aerodigestive tract suggests that EBV probably plays an etiologic role in the pathogenesis of this group of tumors and is not simply a passenger virus, and neither is this merely a site-dependent phenomenon in view of the weak association with nasal/nasopharyngeal B-cell lymphoma.
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PMID:Detection of Epstein-Barr viral RNA in malignant lymphomas of the upper aerodigestive tract. 806 15

The t(14;18) translocation is found in the majority follicular lymphomas and some high grade B-cell lymphomas. This is results in deregulation of the BCL-2 gene and appears to play a role in oncogenesis. Various numbers of cells from a cell line derived spontaneously from a patient with B-cell lymphoma bearing the t(14;18) translocation and negative for the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) were injected by IP, IV, and SC routes into SCID mice. The mice developed lymphoma bearing the t(14;18) translocation with as few as 5 x 10(6) cells within 28 days. This was determined by histological examination. The higher the cell inoculation the more rapidly the lymphoma developed. Engraftment of the tumour cells was determined by PCR for the t(14;18) breakpoint region on peripheral blood samples and could be detected prior to development of overt lymphoma. Having established a lymphoma model the cells were treated with antisense oligonucleotides to the first open reading frame of the BCL-2 gene prior to inoculation of the SCID mice. Control treatments with sense and nonsense oligonucleotides was also performed. At 28 days the sense, nonsense and untreated cell SCID mice had developed lymphoma, however, the antisense treated group failed to develop lymphoma. The findings demonstrate the modelling of B-cell lymphoma bearing the t(14;18) translocation and the ability to modify the lymphoma process with the use of antisense oligonucleotides to the BCL-2 gene. Reduction of the BCL2 protein suppresses the oncogenic potential of these lymphoma cells confirming that it plays an essential role in the development of malignancy.
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PMID:Antisense oligonucleotides suppress B-cell lymphoma growth in a SCID-hu mouse model. 808 13

We report 11 cases of gastric lymphoma that harbor the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) encoded small messenger RNA, EBER-1, detected by in situ hybridization. The cases represented 18% of 61 consecutive gastric lymphomas from three institutions in Hong Kong between 1988 and 1993. The mean age of patients was 62 years (range, 33 to 87). The male to female ratio was 5:6. Nine of the 11 (81.8%) EBER-1+ gastric lymphomas were diffuse large cell lymphomas of B-cell type without low grade components. Macroscopically these lymphomas appeared either as large noncleaved cell (centroblastic) or immunoblastic type. From the available follow-up data, five of the nine patients with B-cell lymphoma were alive and well 48, 40, 14, 13, and 12 months, respectively, after gastrectomy and chemotherapy. One patient died of postoperative pneumonia and one died of a second malignancy (esophageal squamous carcinoma) 40 months after gastrectomy. None of the EBER-1+ B-cell gastric lymphomas showed histological features characteristic of low grade lymphoma of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) type reported to be common in some Western countries. Of the two patients with T-cell lymphoma, one had a pleomorphic T-cell lymphoma and the other had an angiocentric lymphoma. The former was lost to follow-up after the biopsy and the latter presented with gastric perforation and died 1.5 months after gastrectomy. It is concluded that a significant proportion of gastric lymphomas in Hong Kong Chinese are EBV-related and that they show histological features more akin to conventional node-based lymphomas than to MALT-type lymphomas.
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PMID:Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric lymphoma in Hong Kong Chinese. 808 72

Viruses implicated in the development of human cancers include hepatitis B (and C) viruses in hepatocellular carcinoma; human papillomaviruses in anogenital cancers; Epstein-Barr virus in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and Burkitt's lymphoma; human T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma viruses in adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma; and indirectly, human immunodeficiency viruses in Kaposi's sarcoma and B-cell lymphoma. Together, they contribute significantly to the cancer statistics in the Southeast Asian region. Neoplastic proliferation may be instigated by the presence and expression of viral oncogenes which may be integrated into the host genome and/or exist in episomal molecules. Critical viral genes may also interfere with host genes, resulting in the activation of cellular proto-oncogenes and/or the inactivation of anti-oncogenes and their products. The molecular pathogenesis of virally-induced cancers has led to major breakthroughs in the understanding of carcinogenesis at a molecular level. The occurrence of some of these viruses in a significant proportion of normal individuals suggests long latency periods necessitating multi-step co-operating events arising from multi-factorial agents such as host genetic susceptibility, immunological and hormonal status, as well as chemical and physical cocarcinogens in the environment. Successful intervention achieved with effective vaccines such as the hepatitis B vaccine and measures to severe the chain of viral transmission culminating in reduced incidence of the corresponding cancer will provide conclusive evidence for the virus-cancer relationship.
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PMID:Cancer and viruses. 810 16

Tissue eosinophilia is commonly seen in Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas of T-cell lineage. In contrast, eosinophilia is infrequent in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas of B-cell origin. We describe five-B-cell lymphomas with exuberant tissue eosinophils. According to the Working Formulation, three were classified as large-cell immunoblastic, one as small lymphocytic lymphoma/chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and one as low-grade, not further subclassified, with features of monocytoid B-cell lymphoma. Immunophenotypic studies in each case revealed B-cell lineage; neoplastic cells expressed monotypic immunoglobulin light chain (four of five cases) or pan-B-cell antigens (five of five cases) and were negative for T-cell antigens. Southern blot hybridization in one case revealed immunoglobulin gene rearrangements, further confirming B-cell lineage. Eosinophilopoiesis is stimulated by interleukin 5 (IL-5), and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been shown to upregulate IL-5 production. Therefore, both EBV infection and IL-5 expression were investigated as possibly pathogenetic mechanisms for the eosinophilia. However, both in situ hybridization studies for EBV mRNA and IL-5 mRNA were negative in the neoplastic cells. In one tumor, IL-5 was abundant in the cytoplasm of the eosinophils, a pattern similar to that seen in five cases of Hodgkin's disease studied with the same technique. Although rare, marked tissue eosinophilia may be associated with B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Immunophenotypic or molecular genetic analyses are needed to make the correct diagnosis.
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PMID:Malignant lymphomas of B-cell lineage with marked tissue eosinophilia. A report of five cases. 814 29

Thirty-two French transplant centers participated in the study of lymphoproliferative disease (LPD) confined to the renal allograft. For the period from 1952 to February 1993, 16 cases were recognized from 16,755 renal transplant recipients. The mean age of the patients was 44 years (range 19-67 years). Fourteen of these recipients received anti-lymphocyte globulin as induction therapy and 13 received cyclosporine as their maintenance immunosuppressive treatment. Acute rejection was reported in 9 cases and was treated with methylprednisolone in 6 cases and with mono- or polyclonal antibodies for 3 episodes. The mean interval from transplantation to development of LPD was 14 months (range, 1-144 months). Most of the patient (12/15) showed symptoms. Renal failure was noted in 7 recipients. Renal ultrasound demonstrated hydronephrosis in 4 cases, a hilar mass in 5 cases, a mass lesion within the graft in 2 cases. Pathological examination showed a high grade malignant lymphoma with extensive necrosis and atypical large cells. Immunohistochemical study was consistent with B-cell lymphoma in all of the 8 cases analyzed and monotypia was noted in 4 cases. The presence of Epstein-Barr virus genome in the LPD was demonstrated in 5 of the 6 cases studied. Nine patients were managed with discontinuation of immunosuppression and transplant nephrectomies. Four patients died. The remaining recipients are alive with no evidence of recurrence after 25 months (range 3-68 months).
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PMID:[Lymphoproliferative lesions localized in the renal graft. A French multicenter study]. 815 42


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