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Query: UMLS:C0079731 (B-cell lymphoma)
 16,671 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A thyroid mass in a 63 year old man with mycosis fungoides, histologically was a not well differentiated B cell lymphoma. Sonographically, it presented as a mass with nonhomogeneous echo pattern along with "target" lesions. On the scintigram, the mass failed to accumulate radioiodine and on the CT it was a nonenhancing lesion. None of these patterns are specific for the disease.
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PMID:Lymphoma of the thyroid gland associated with mycosis fungoides: sonographic, scintigraphic and CT features. 639 83

The clinical and pathologic spectrum of lymphoproliferative disorders affecting the thyroid is diverse and must be differentiated from benign thyroiditis and carcinoma. The clinical presentations include an enlarging neck mass, but patients may also present with symptoms of dysphagia, hoarseness and choking, or a cold thyroid nodule. The histopathologic interpretation requires adequate tissue sampling and proper pathologic interpretation. The recent delineation of new pathological entities such as low-grade malignant lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) type has aided in the understanding of the clinical course and management of patients with lymphoma. Advances have been made in the clinical management and treatment of these disorders. Surgical resection of the thyroid mass is not routinely part of the management strategy. The management of low-grade lymphoproliferative disorders of MALT type may include radiation therapy, oral chlorambucil, or intravenous chemotherapy (cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone). The management of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is combined-modality therapy with radiation and cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP) chemotherapy.
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PMID:Primary thyroid lymphoma. 1037 88

We report a retrospective clinicopathologic study of 108 primary thyroid gland lymphomas (PTLs), classified using the REAL and proposed WHO classification schemes. The patients included 79 women and 29 men, with an average age of 64.3 years. All patients presented with a thyroid mass. The PTLs were classified as marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) or MZBL (n = 30), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) with MZBL (n = 36), DLBCL without MZBL (n = 41), and follicle center lymphoma (FCL; n = 1). Excluding the FCL, features of lymphomas of MALT-type were identified in all groups, despite a follicular architecture in 23% of cases. Lymphocytic thyroiditis (LT) was identified in 94%. Ninety-one percent of patients presented with stage IE or IIE disease, whereas 69% had perithyroidal soft tissue infiltration. All patients were treated with surgical excision followed by adjuvant therapy (76%): chemotherapy (15%), radiation (19%), or a combination of radiation and chemotherapy (42%). Disease-specific survival was 82% at last follow up (mean, 82.8 mos) and 79% at 5 years. Statistically, stages greater than IE, presence of DLBCL, rapid clinical growth, abundant apoptosis, presence of vascular invasion, high mitotic rate, and infiltration of the perithyroidal soft tissue were significantly associated with death with disease. No patients with MZBL or stage IE disease died with disease. In summary, PTLs typically occur in middle- to older-aged individuals as a thyroid mass, with a predilection for females. Despite their histologic heterogeneity and frequent simulation of other lymphoma subtypes, virtually all PTLs are lymphomas of MALT-type arising in the setting of LT. Mixed DLBCL and MZBL are common. Overall, PTLs have a favorable outcome with appropriate therapy, but prognosis depends on both clinical stage and histology. MZBL and stage IE tumors have an excellent prognosis, whereas tumors with a large cell component or DLBCL or stage greater than IE have the greatest potential for a poor outcome.
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PMID:Malignant lymphoma of the thyroid gland: a clinicopathologic study of 108 cases. 1080 Sep 81

Primary thyroid lymphoma is a rare disease. Most of the patients have a history of Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Main histopathologic subtypes are either mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) or diffuse large cell lymphomas. Treatment options are surgical resection in localised, low-grade MALT lymphomas or systemic chemotherapy in aggressive, diffuse large cell lymphomas. But, sometimes other histopathologic subtypes can be seen and therapeutic approaches must be done. We report two patients who have primary thyroid lymphoma. There was no history of Hashimoto's thyroiditis in either case, and neither of them had MALT histologic subtype. First patient a sixty four year old woman, admitted to hospital because of bilateral thyroid nodules. Histological subtype was B cell follicular lymphoma. Subtotal thyroidectomy was performed and radiotherapy was administered to the entire neck region. Second patient, a 50 year old man, presented with complaints of a left thyroid mass and dyspnoea. Total thyroidectomy was carried out and chemotherapy was given. Histological diagnosis was diffuse large B cell lymphoma. Thyroid lymphomas had heterogenous histological and clinical characteristics. In localised, non-aggressive subtypes, surgical treatment must be considered. Postoperative chemotherapy or radiotherapy may be necessary in some patients.
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PMID:Primary thyroid lymphoma: report of two cases. 1549 Jul 12

Most clinicians assume that a thyroid mass which appears to be malignant is most likely a tumour arising from thyroid cells. We present a case where the thyroid malignancy was associated with a degree of systemic clinical and biochemical disturbance which suggested alternative diagnoses, and in which fine-needle aspiration revealed that the patient had a thyroid lymphoma. Gastric biopsy showed that this was a primary gastric diffuse B cell lymphoma. Subsequent management provided a number of challenging and overlapping problems, and the patient eventually died from this high-grade malignancy. We review the prevalence, presentation, diagnosis and management of lymphomas presenting as thyroid masses, and underline the problems in management when there is multi-system disease.
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PMID:Cancer in the thyroid is not always thyroid cancer. 1700 29

Non Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) of the thyroid are rare thyroid neoplasms. The majority of histopathologic types are extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) type and, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Most of them arise in a background of Hashimoto's thyroiditis and patients mostly present with a rapidly enlarging thyroid mass and with pressure symptoms. Treatment depends on the histological subtype and stage of the disease and includes radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The prognosis usually is favorable with proper treatment. Herein, we discuss the clinical diagnosis and treatment of thyroid lymphoma.
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PMID:Primary thyroid lymphoma: case series with literature review. 1965 Jan 81

Primary thyroid lymphoma (PTL) is a rare malignancy and represents 2%-5% of all thyroid malignancies and 1%-2.5% of all malignant lymphomas. We present our institute's experience in combined modality management of 16 successive patients of PTL treated from 2005 to 2010. The median age of the patients was 56.0 years. Five patients were males, and 11 patients were females. An enlarging thyroid mass was the most common presenting symptom. 14 patients had diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and 2 patients had follicular lymphoma. The most common stage of presentation was stage II comprising 6 (37.5%) patients. All patients received CCT, and only 12 patients received involved field RT with a median dose of 36.0 Gy. 10 patients (62.5%) had CR, and 6 patients (27.5%) had PR. Eight patients had disease progression in subsequent followup and this included the initial 6 patients with PR. The 5-year DFS was 40.0%, and median DFS was 47 months. The 5-year OS was 41.0%, and median OS was 51 months. Most common presentation in our series was locally advanced tumors. Most of these patients require combined modality management. Risk-adapted and multimodality approach is the need of the hour to achieve good control rates while minimizing treatment related toxicity.
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PMID:Survival and failure outcomes in primary thyroid lymphomas: a single centre experience of combined modality approach. 2416 75

Primary thyroid lymphoma (PTL) is a rare cause of malignancy that occurs in 0.5% of cases with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. The most common subtype is diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), followed by mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. We described the case of a 70-year-old man who was diagnosed with MALT lymphoma in the background of autoimmune thyroiditis with focal area of DLBCL transformation. The patient was a 70-year-old man with rapidly growing mass of the thyroid gland with compressive symptom over two months. The laboratory data revealed primary hypothyroidism with positively anti-thyroid antibodies. The computerized tomography scan showed right thyroid mass extended to anterior mediastinum and compressed adjacent airway with multiple cervical and mediastinal lymphadenopathies. The pathology from incisional biopsy showed extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of MALT lymphoma with large cell transformation. The patient received four courses of systemic chemotherapy combined with involved field radiation therapy. The mass was dramatically decreased in size after treatment, leading to a complete resolution of compressive symptoms. Thyroid lymphoma is quite rare; however the incidence may be higher in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. A rapidly growing thyroid gland should be considered as PTL. Chemotherapy and radiation are the mainstays of treatment.
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PMID:Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma with large cell transformation on the background of Hashimoto's thyroiditis: a case report and review literature. 2605 82

We describe two different cases of prinary thyroid lymphoma (PTL). PTL is a rare malignancy. Nevertheless, it frequently presents diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. The first patient, a 79-year-old female, presented with a large, painless thyroid mass accompanied by severe obstructive symptoms of the upper respiratory and gastrointestinal track. The second patient (67-year-old female) presented with nodular goiter. Thyroidectomy - performed on the first patient for alleviation of obstructive symptoms - revealed the presence of a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Although she was administered standard chemotherapy she deceased four months later. In the second patient, primary thyroid lymphoma was an incidental finding following thyroidectomy performed for nodular goiter. These two cases illustrate the variable course of PTL, the possibility of which should be kept into consideration in clinical practice.
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PMID:Primary thyroid lymphoma: The two ends of the spectrum. 2641 71

Intravascular large B-cell lymphoma (IVLBCL) is a subtype of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, where the neoplastic lymphoid proliferation resides predominantly within the lumens of blood vessels but with no or few circulating neoplastic cells in the peripheral circulation. Focal or subtle involvement in some cases can cause the diagnosis to be misinterpreted or even overlooked, delaying the initiation of appropriate treatment. Our report focuses on a 78-year-old woman with a progressively enlarging thyroid mass, verified by ultrasound. She underwent a hemithyroidectomy, and microscopic evaluation demonstrated nodular thyroid parenchyma with atypical large cells in an intravascular distribution pattern identified on high magnification. Thorough evaluation showed that the large intravascular cells were positive CD20, PAX-5, and Ki-67 by immunoperoxidase staining, which lead to the diagnosis of IVLBCL. This case emphasizes the subtle appearance of IVLBCL, which may be missed on low-power light microscopy, and the need for careful evaluation of thyroid resection specimens.
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PMID:Intravascular Large B-Cell Lymphoma Within a Thyroid Nodule: A Diagnostic Pitfall. 2956 16


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