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Query: UMLS:C0079731 (B-cell lymphoma)
 16,671 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In recent years, techniques, probes, and reagents became available to reliably visualize individual Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-infected cells, to assess EBV gene expression, and to analyze the clonal composition of EBV genomes in human tissues. Application of these techniques to more than 1000 lymphoid tissue specimens revealed (1) characteristic cellular and compartmental distribution patterns of EBV-infected cells in normal lymph nodes, reflecting the interference of EBV with physiologic B cell differentiation pathways, (2) an association of EBV with various mono- and oligoclonal lymphoproliferations ranging from benign conditions to overtly malignant lymphomas, and (3) characteristic patterns of EBV gene expression among EBV-associated lymphoproliferations. In the context of the established immortalizing and transforming properties of EBV, the findings support the concept of an etiologic role of EBV for cases of certain lymphomas such as Burkitt's lymphoma, anaplastic large cell lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease, and lymphomas arising in immunocompromised individuals. In contrast, lymphomas harboring EBV in only proportions of the tumor cells (such as cases of peripheral T cell lymphoma and some B cell lymphoma types) argue against an etiologic role in the primary process of malignant transformation for the virus in these instances. Since in many of these cases a proportion of the EBV infected tumor cells express the EBV oncoprotein LMP (latent membrane protein) the virus may influence, however, the proliferative properties as well as the morphological and molecular phenotype of the neoplastic cells.
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PMID:[Epstein-Barr virus associated lymphocyte proliferation]. 128 80

We describe three male patients diagnosed by histologic and immunophenotypic criteria to have a Ki-1 + lymphoproliferative disorder. All three cases shared a unique morphologic finding, not previously described: prominent perivascular cuffing of anaplastic/pleomorphic tumor cells around small and medium sized vessels. One case was a Ki-1 + anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) which developed in the setting of a low grade follicular B-cell lymphoma. A pseudoglandular pattern caused referral for consultation as a possible adenocarcinoma. One case was a cutaneous Ki-1 + lymphoproliferative disorder consistent with lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP). The third case was a cutaneous Ki-1 + ALCL. This study provides evidence that although perivascular cuffing of tumor cells is not frequently seen in Ki-1 + lymphoproliferative disorders (3 of 116 cases in our consultation file), it may be a prominent architectural feature causing confusion with epithelial or mesenchymal tumors. For this reason we recommend inclusion of this feature in the list of architectural features already described for Ki-1 + lymphoproliferative disorders.
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PMID:Perivascular Ki-1 + lesions. 149 18

Primary cutaneous medium and large cell lymphomas (MLCL) other than mycosis fungoides (MF) are rare, and their prognosis and treatment are controversial. The clinical, immunohistological and follow-up data of 54 well-documented cases of primary cutaneous MLCL other than MF, seen in our institutions over a 14-year period, were retrospectively reviewed, in order to determine the prognostic factors related to these lymphomas, and to analyse the results obtained with different treatment regimens. Forty-six patients presented with a solitary tumour or with localized lesions, and eight had disseminated cutaneous lesions. According to the updated Kiel classification, 45 cases (83%) corresponded to B-cell lymphomas: centroblastic lymphomas, 32 cases; centroblastic-centrocytic lymphomas, 11 cases; immunoblastic lymphomas, two cases. Nine cases (17%) were classified as T-cell lymphomas: pleomorphic medium and large cell lymphomas, eight cases; anaplastic large cell lymphoma, one case. Four of eight patients with disseminated skin lesions had a T-cell lymphoma, whereas 41 of 46 patients with a solitary tumour had a B-cell lymphoma. Patients with disseminated skin lesions and elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels had a poor prognosis. Comparison of patients' overall survival, depending on immunohistological subtype, showed that the median survival of patients with pleomorphic T-cell lymphoma was 2.5 years, whereas it was not reached at 12 years for patients with centroblastic-centrocytic and centroblastic lymphoma. The eight patients with disseminated skin lesions were treated with polychemotherapy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Primary cutaneous medium and large cell lymphomas other than mycosis fungoides. An immunohistological and follow-up study on 54 cases. French Study Group for Cutaneous Lymphomas. 774 38

Thirty-five patients diagnosed with "malignant histiocytosis" from 1984 to 1989 were studied for clinical, laboratory, histopathological features as well as survival and response to therapy, Immunocytochemistry and immunophenotypic studies were performed in 12 cases using the paraffin immunoperoxidase method. The staining included alpha-1 antichymotrypsin, muramidase, immunoglobulins and monoclonal antibodies specific for T, B lymphocytes and macrophage. From the clinical features, responsiveness to therapy and survival, the patients were divided into 2 groups: the non-responders (25 cases) and responders (10 cases) groups. Very short median survival of 1.25 months was found in the non-responders, whereas, longer median survival of 14.15 months was found in the responder group. Important different clinical and laboratory features were observed among these two groups. Unresponsiveness to treatment; rapidly progressive pancytopenia, increased hemophagocytosis, presentation of immature cells in blood with extensive infiltration of malignant cells in the bone marrow; severe jaundice and deterioration of hepatic function accompanied by early extranodal involvement were almost exclusively observed initially in the non-responder group. Satisfactory response to treatment was observed only in the responder group. Similarity of histopathology, cytology and immunophenotype was observed in these two groups. The immunophenotypic study in 12 cases showed 5 cases of B-cell lymphoma, 3 cases of T-cell (with 1 Ki-1 -positive) lymphoma; 1 case of Ki-1 positive non-T, non-B anaplastic large cell lymphoma; and 3 cases of undetermined cell lineage. From this study, so-called "malignant histiocytosis" appears to be a disorder of heterogeneity. The immunophenotypes of malignant cells indicated that their origin belonged mostly to lymphoid cell lineage. Based on their clinical feature of the early hematogenous spread along with the distinct histopathological and immunophenotypic findings, the term "pleomorphic large cell hematolymphoma" is proposed to be used instead of the old misnomer, "malignant histiocytosis" (MH).
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PMID:Pleomorphic large cell hemato-lymphoma (the so-called "malignant histiocytosis"): clinicopathological and immunophenotypic studies in 35 cases. 775 67

The theoretical bases of Hodgkin's disease (HD) have recently been revised in the light of new findings obtained by means of immunohistochemistry and molecular analysis. These findings have questioned the concept that HD is a unique entity and have made the borders between HD and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas unclear. The clinical relevance of nodular lymphocyte predominance HD (LP-HD), the distinction between T-cell rich B-cell lymphoma and diffuse LP-HD, and the relationships between HD and anaplastic large cell lymphoma are reviewed and discussed.
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PMID:Is Hodgkin's disease a unique entity? 776 57

There is a strong association (approximately 95%) of endemic Burkitt's lymphoma with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), whereas the association is weak for the sporadic form occurring in Western countries (approximately 15%). In the Middle East, North Africa and South America, 60-80% of Burkitt's lymphomas harbour EBV. These epidemiological differences suggest that either the endemicity of EBV or socio-economic conditions, or both, may influence the pathogenetic role of EBV in Burkitt's lymphoma. Since only meagre data are available on Asians, this study was performed to address this issue by studying cases from Hong Kong, where EBV seroconversion occurs in the first few years of life but the socio-economic conditions approach those of Western countries. In situ hybridization for EBV encoded RNAs (EBERs) was performed on paraffin sections of 18 cases of Burkitt's lymphoma. Labelling of the neoplastic cells was detected in five cases (27.7%). In contrast, among 54 cases of B-cell lymphomas of various subtypes studied for comparison, signals for EBER were detected in only one case each of T-cell-rich large B-cell lymphoma, anaplastic large cell lymphoma and Reed-Sternberg-like cells occurring in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma. The strong labelling with oligo-dT probe (which hybridized with the polyadenylated ends of mRNA) in all cases suggested that the negative results were genuine and not due to poor preservation of RNA in the tissues. Thus, among B-cell neoplasms occurring in Chinese, Burkitt's lymphoma shows a statistically stronger association (P < 0.01) with EBV than with other types of B-cell lymphoma.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:A study of the association of Epstein-Barr virus with Burkitt's lymphoma occurring in a Chinese population. 779 1

Cytokines play important roles in the pathogenesis of lymphomas. Cytokines either can be produced or exert effects on neoplastic or reactive cells. The secretion of cytokines can provide growth advantages for tumor cells in either an autocrine or a paracrine fashion. An elevated serum or tissue level of cytokines can contribute to the clinical and histopathologic alterations associated with malignant lymphomas. The effects of cytokines on the histopathologic changes are most noticeable in Hodgkin's disease (HD). The malignant (Hodgkin's-Reed-Sternberg) cells in HD have been shown to secrete interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-5, IL-6, IL-9, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, macrophage colony-stimulating factor, transforming growth factor-beta, and, less frequently, IL-4 and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. These cytokines may be responsible for the increased cellular reaction and fibrosis observed in tissues involved by HD and for the immunosuppression in patients with HD. In contrast to Hodgkin's-Reed-Sternberg cells, most non-HD lymphoma cells do not produce cytokines in excess amounts. Exceptions include T-cell-rich B-cell lymphoma (IL-4), angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy-like T-cell lymphoma with plasmacytosis and hypergammaglobulinemia (IL-6), anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (IL-9), polymorphic immunocytoma (IL-6), and immunoblastic lymphoma (IBL) (IL-6). Some cytokines are involved in the unique cellular reactions in each of these types of lymphoma. For example, IL-4 is responsible for the T-cell reaction in T-cell-rich B-cell lymphoma, while IL-6 is accountable for the plasma cell reaction in angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy-type T-cell lymphoma. Others may be directly involved in the tumor cell growth or differentiation. For instance, IL-9 may be important for the autocrine proliferation of anaplastic large cell lymphoma, whereas IL-6 is essential for plasmacytoid differentiation in polymorphic immunocytoma. Further studies of the roles of cytokines in lymphomas may lead to major advances in the understanding of the molecular processes involved in the histopathogenesis of malignant lymphomas. Elucidation of the autocrine or paracrine function of cytokines also may lead to new approaches to a rational intervention in these disease processes.
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PMID:Cytokines in malignant lymphomas: review and prospective evaluation. 840 14

In general, the large cell lymphomas are a cytogenetically heterogeneous group of diseases, and the cytogenetic findings do not correlate with morphological findings in this group of malignant lymphomas. The CD30-positive anaplastic large cell lymphomas, however, are thought to be an exception, with the t(2;5) reported to correlate with the morphological changes of this disease entity. A subgroup of Hodgkin's disease cases have been reported by some investigators to have the t(2;5) translocation, leading to speculation that these two diseases are related. In the current study, the authors used a sensitive reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) methodology to evaluate the frequency of t(2;5) in 33 cases of large cell lymphoma, of B lineage, other than anaplastic large cell lymphoma. The authors detected evidence of t(2;5) in four of the cases (12%), a frequency similar to that of the authors' previous study of cases of CD30 positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Three of the positive large B-cell lymphoma cases were CD30 negative and were morphologically indistinguishable from the cases without evidence of t(2;5). The fourth case had a subpopulation of CD30 positive cells but also did not have morphological features of anaplastic large cell lymphoma. These results would suggest that t(2;5) is not restricted to cases of malignant lymphomas with anaplastic morphology or to CD30 expression.
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PMID:Detection of the t(2;5)(p23;q35) chromosomal translocation in large B-cell lymphomas other than anaplastic large cell lymphoma. 866 70

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a DNA virus of the herpes virus family can infect and transform resting human B lymphocytes in vitro. EBV was originally considered to be a possible causative agent of African Burkitt's lymphoma and nasopharyngeal lymphoepithelioma. Recently, using highly sensitive methods, such as the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and in situ hybridization (ISH), EBV has been found to be also present in numerous human lymphoproliferative disorders, including Hodgkin's disease, anaplastic large cell lymphoma, B cell lymphoma in immunocompromised patients, peripheral T cell lymphoma, adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma, nasal lymphoma, AILD-T cell lymphoma, pyothorax-associated pleural lymphoma, and angiocentric T/NK cell lymphoma. However, the EBV infection pattern and the role of EBV in each disease is not the same. We introduce the relationship between EBV and each disease found in our department, using Southern blot analysis, PCR, ISH and immunological staining.
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PMID:[Malignant lymphoma and EBV]. 869 36

The clinical findings and prognosis in 15 patients with primary Ki-1 anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) were analyzed and compared with those of patients with T cell and B cell lymphoma and Hodgkin's disease. Clinical data revealed lymphadenopathy in 13 patients (87%) and skin lesions in eight (53%). Other organic involvements were hepatomegaly in two patients (13%), splenomegaly in five (33%), and bone marrow involvement in three (20%). The rate of skin involvement was significantly higher than that in B cell lymphoma and Hodgkin's disease. In laboratory findings the gamma-globulin concentration was significantly higher than that in T cell lymphoma, and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was significantly higher than that in B cell lymphoma. Complete remission was achieved in 11 patients (73%) and the five-year relapse-free survival was 27%. The overall survival was 4.0-69.8 months (mean 30.6 months). The mean survival was compatible with that of T cell lymphoma and was significantly shorter than that in Hodgkin's disease. Ki-1 ALCL can be distinguished from other lymphomas clinically as well as pathologically. Because Ki-1 ALCL is chemosensitive and the prognosis is as poor as that of T cell lymphoma, aggressive chemotherapy should be employed for the treatment of this disease.
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PMID:Clinicopathological characteristics of primary Ki-1 anaplastic large cell lymphoma. 871 76


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