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Query: UMLS:C0079731 (B-cell lymphoma)
 16,671 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The most common primary lymphoma of the gastrointestinal tract is B-cell lymphoma arising from mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue known as MALT lymphoma. Although the majority of these lesions affect the stomach and are associated with Helicobacter pylori organisms, sites other than the gastrointestinal tract may be affected. This case report describes a patient with concomitant laryngeal MALT lymphoma and Helicobacter pylori-related gastric MALT lymphoma derived from the same clone as confirmed by PCR. Treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection in this patient using antibiotics led to regression of both lesions. This patient remains in remission at 46-month follow-up. This is the first case report on the regression of a laryngeal MALT lymphoma after Helicobacter pylori eradication. We suggest that all patients presenting with extragastric MALT lymphoma should undergo upper gastrointestinal endoscopy with gastric biopsies for the determination of Helicobacter pylori status and presence of concomitant gastric MALT lymphoma, followed by a course of anti-Helicobacter pylori antibiotic therapy. Nonresponders may subsequently be considered for surgery and/or chemo/radiation therapy.
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PMID:Consecutive regression of concurrent laryngeal and gastric MALT lymphoma after anti-Helicobacter pylori therapy. 1255 57

Primary non-Hodgkin's lymphomas of the stomach are associated with Helicobacter pylori infection. We analyzed gastric lymphoma onset data with respect to prior H. pylori infections based on the multistage theory of carcinogenesis. This theory provides a link between epidemiological data and biological processes. The study involved 133 patients, aged 29-75 years, diagnosed with marginal zone B-cell lymphoma (MZBL) and diffuse large cell B-cell lymphoma (DLBL). A 2-parametric Weibull model was applied to MZBL and DLBL onset data. Median age of diagnosis of MZBL (DLBL) was 59 years (55 years) in males and 65.5 years (64 years) in females. Infection with H. pylori was found in 81.3% (59.5%) of the patients diagnosed with MZBL (DLBL). Lymphoma latency data were fitted to Weibull distributions with a shape parameter of 5.7 for MZBL cases and 4.2 for DLBL. The shape parameter that indicates the number of steps in carcinogenesis was approximately independent of the status of infection with H. pylori in DLBL in contrast to MZBL. It was shown that gastric lymphoma onset data can be described by Weibull distribution functions. The findings support the hypothesis that MZBL and DLBL have different lines of development. There is indication of stronger antigen dependency in the carcinogenesis of MZBL in comparison to DLBL.
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PMID:Helicobacter pylori and carcinogenesis of gastric B-cell lymphomas. 1259 22

The preferred terminology for mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma of the stomach (variously referred to as MALT lymphoma, MALToma, low-grade MALToma, or pseudolymphoma) is marginal zone B-cell lymphoma (MZBL). MZBL, the hallmark of which is the lymphoepithelial lesion, develops as a consequence of Helicobacter pylori infection in susceptible individuals. In general, MZBL is slow growing, can remain localized for years, and has an excellent prognosis. Staging involves endoscopy with biopsy, computed tomography scanning, and endoscopic ultrasound. In patients with limited disease, eradication of H. pylori leads to remission. In patients who fail eradication therapy or have more extensive disease, surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation alone and in various combinations have been used successfully.
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PMID:Marginal Zone B-cell Lymphoma (MALT Lymphoma). 1501 27

Gastric lymphoma and gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) are rare malignancies of the upper gastrointestinal tract. The most common gastric lymphoma are low-grade marginal zone B-cell lymphoma (MZBCL) of MALT type. They develop as a consequence of chronic Helicobacter pylori infection, the histological hallmark are lymphoepithelial lesions. In early stages of disease, H. pylori eradication alone may lead to complete lymphoma remission in up to 75% of cases. Nonresponder or locally advanced lymphoma should be treated with radiation therapy. Advanced lymphoma may be treated with the nucleoside analogon cladribine within clinical trials. Based on clinical and novel molecular markers a risk stratification and a prediction of response to therapy might be possible in the future. GISTs are mesenchymal tumours that characteristically express CD-117 (c-kit). They are mostly localized in the upper gastrointestinal tract and are frequently diagnosed in an advanced stage. Conventional chemotherapy is ineffective. For resectable non-metastasized tumours surgical therapy is the treatment of choice. Imatinib is the first and so far only effective systemic therapy which is presently indicated in irresectable or metastasized GISTs. More than 80% of patients respond to imatinib therapy either with partial remission or stable disease. FDG-PET plays an important role in the early prediction of response to imatinib therapy. The optimal dosage and duration of treatment and the role of imatinib as adjuvant or neo-adjuvant therapy for GISTs remains to be defined.
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PMID:[Gastric MALT lymphoma and gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST)]. 1567 65

Helicobacter pylori infection is the major cause of gastroduodenal pathologies, but only a minority of infected patients develop chronic and life threatening diseases, as peptic ulcer, gastric cancer, B-cell lymphoma, or autoimmune gastritis. The type of host immune response against H. pylori is crucial for the outcome of the infection. A predominant H. pylori-specific Th1 response, characterized by high IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, and IL-12 production associates with peptic ulcer, whereas combined secretion of both Th1 and Th2 cytokines are present in uncomplicated gastritis. Gastric T cells from MALT lymphoma exhibit abnormal help for autologous B-cell proliferation and reduced perforin- and Fas-Fas ligand-mediated killing of B cells. In H. pylori-infected patients with autoimmune gastritis cytolytic T cells infiltrating the gastric mucosa cross-recognize different epitopes of H. pylori proteins and H+K+ ATPase autoantigen. These data suggest that peptic ulcer can be regarded as a Th1-driven immunopathological response to some H. pylori antigens, whereas deregulated and exhaustive H. pylori-induced T cell-dependent B-cell activation can support the onset of low-grade B-cell lymphoma. Alternatively, H. pylori infection may lead in some individuals to gastric autoimmunity via molecular mimicry.
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PMID:Helicobacter pylori, T cells and cytokines: the "dangerous liaisons". 1586 4

Gastric B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue type is closely linked to chronic Helicobacter pylori infection. Most clinical and histopathological features of the tumor can be reproduced by prolonged Helicobacter infection of BALB/c mice. In this study, we have addressed the role of antigenic stimulation in the pathogenesis of the lymphoma by experimental infection with Helicobacter felis, followed by antibiotic eradication therapy and subsequent re-infection. Antimicrobial therapy was successful in 75% of mice and led to complete histological but not "molecular" tumor remission. Although lympho-epithelial lesions disappeared and most gastric lymphoid aggregates resolved, transcriptional profiling revealed the long-term mucosal persistence of residual B cells. Experimental re-introduction of Helicobacter led to very rapid recurrence of the lymphomas, which differed from the original lesions by higher proliferative indices and more aggressive behavior. Immunophenotyping of tumor cells revealed massive infiltration of lesions by CD4(+) T cells, which express CD 28, CD 69, and interleukin-4 but not interferon-gamma, suggesting that tumor B-cell proliferation was driven by Th 2-polarized, immunocompetent, and activated T cells. Tumors were also densely colonized by follicular dendritic cells, whose numbers were closely associated with and predictive of treatment outcome.
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PMID:The role of antigenic drive and tumor-infiltrating accessory cells in the pathogenesis of helicobacter-induced mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. 1612 58

We investigated if germline variations of the Topoisomerase II alpha gene could predispose patients with chronic Helicobacter pylori infection to develop gastric lymphoma and conducted a mutation detection of the entire promoter region. Single marker and haplotype analysis did not reveal any associations with development of gastric lymphoma in general, histological grade or stage of disease (P>0.05). No genetic variations in the promotor region were found in 92 chromosomes of lymphoma patients and controls and linkage disequilibrium indicated a highly conserved genomic region. The results of our work exclude genetic variations as predisposing factors of primary gastric B-cell lymphoma development.
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PMID:Germline variations of the topoisomerase IIalpha gene as risk factors for primary gastric B-cell lymphoma. 1613 51

A 71-year-old man with a Helicobacter pylori infection-negative and API2-MALT1 translocation-negative extranodal marginal-zone B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) type of the stomach has been followed conservatively for over 5 years. The lesion has shown no major morphological changes or malignant progression into a diffuse large-cell type during the time course. The absence of genetic translocation of API2-MALT1 was confirmed with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The prognosis of H. pylori-negative and API2-MALT1 translocation-negative low-grade MALT lymphoma is unknown, and a standard treatment for such lymphoma has yet to be defined. The case of MALT lymphoma negative for both of the above factors that we report has shown no obvious rapid progression or malignant change over the long-term course. Although curative operation and/or chemoradiotherapy should still be discussed as the treatment of choice, the treatment of this type of lymphoma must be carefully determined on a case-by-case basis, according to its biological status and prognosis.
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PMID:Helicobacter pylori-negative / API2-MALT1 translocation-negative low-grade MALT lymphoma. 1695 43

Patients with gastric marginal zone-B-cell lymphoma of MALT-type of stage I are usually treated by eradication therapy as Helicobacter pylori infection is evident in the majority (> 90%) of them. In case of a negative Helicobacter pylori status, if the lymphoma does not reveal regression after successful eradication of the bacterium, or in stage II, radiation is nowadays the treatment of choice. Gastrectomy is only reserved for special conditions such as endoscopically not treatable bleeding or patient's explicit request. All treatment modalities follow a curative intention. We here report on a patient with a Helicobacter pylori negative MALT lymphoma of stage I presenting as a localized polypoid lesion in the gastric fundus. Radiotherapy was indicated. However, the patient refused this standard therapy as well as surgical resection as a possible alternative. When signs of lymphoma progression became evident we performed an endoscopy-assisted laparoscopic resection of the fundus which resulted in a continuing lymphoma-free condition. Thus, local treatment modalities such as endoscopic mucosal resection or laparoscopic resection may represent a therapeutic option in case of a localized lymphoma finding in the individual patient who is not suitable for or who refuse standard therapeutic approaches.
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PMID:Unusual treatment of a gastric marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of MALT type. 1750 17

The Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) bacterium has been classified by the World Health Organization as a type 1 carcinogen with associations to the development of peptic and gastric ulcers, gastric carcinoma and primary B-cell lymphoma. Individuals who have intellectual disabilities and developmental disabilities (IDDD) exhibit H. pylori gastric infection at approximately twice the rate of the general population and have recurrences after triple drug treatment at a rate nearly seven times that of the general population. Gastrointestinal malignancy is reported to account for almost 50% of all cancer deaths in this population. Oral-oral and fecal-oral routes are theorized to be the primary modes of transmission for the ingestion of the bacterium. Maladaptive behaviors exhibited by individuals who have IDDD can be considered risk factors for H. pylori infection since H. pylori has been cultivated from vomitus, saliva, and feces. The purpose of this paper is to review information regarding Helicobacter pylori infection in persons with IDDD and highlight the significance of oral infection.
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PMID:Helicobacter pylori infection in people who are intellectually and developmentally disabled: a review. 1797 42


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