Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0079731 (B-cell lymphoma)
 16,671 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of eight patients (five males and three females, median age: 75.6) with pyothorax-associated lymphoma (PAL) from 1993 to 2007. All cases were histopathologically identified as diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma and had a history of artificial pneumothorax for the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis. Chest and/or dorsal pain was the most common symptom followed by bloody sputum. Ten needle biopsies and five surgical biopsies were performed, and diagnostic rates were 30% and 60% respectively. More than two biopsies were needed in four out of eight patients. Nine months in median were necessary to confirm a diagnosis of PAL. We evaluated gallium scintigraphy in five and 18FDG-PET in two patients. High uptake was observed only at the tumor site, not in the pleural cavities of all examined patients. While all five male patients died of their tumors, the three female patients were all alive after intensive therapy. We conclude that gallium scintigraphy, and 18FDG-PET are useful for discriminating tumor from pyothorax. It is also necessary to further understand the uncertainty of biopsy results and the need for repeat examinations for early diagnosis of PAL.
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PMID:[Clinical analysis of eight cases with pyothorax-associated lymphoma]. 2038 21

Pyothorax-associated lymphoma (PAL) is a rare haematological malignancy often associated with artificial pneumothorax due to the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis. A 76 year old man with chronic tube-drained pyothorax and a history of artificial pneumothorax for pulmonary tuberculosis was admitted to our hospital because of progressive right thoracic pain, weight loss, and pyrexia. After clinical examination and imaging processes a chest wall tumour anterior on the right side was diagnosed as well as a persisting pyothorax. Surgery was performed to resect the tumour and drain the pleural cavity. A diagnosis of a high grade B-cell lymphoma was established after histological examination of the surgical biopsy. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) was identified in the tumour by immunocytochemical and molecular methods. Additional gastric involvement of B-cell lymphoma could be diagnosed by gastroscopy because of postoperative gastrointestinal bleeding. The patient received chemotherapy with 2 courses of cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisolone (CHOP). The response was favourable initially, but 2 months later the patient died because of lymphoma progression.Most cases of PAL have been described by Japanese investigators and only a few cases are reported in Western countries. To the best of our knowledge this case of PAL is the first to be documented in Germany.Awareness of this rare entity, together with diligent histological examination, in patients with chronic pyothorax are essential for a correct diagnosis and correct early treatment.
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PMID:Pyothorax-associated lymphoma (PAL): report and review of a rare entity. 2128 75

Pyothorax-associated lymphoma is a relatively rare type of lymphoma that occurs in patients who have long histories of tuberculous pleuritis or induced pneumothorax. It is a type of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of mainly the B-cell phenotype and is strongly associated with Epstein-Barr virus infection. A majority of these cases have been reported in Japan, although some cases have occurred in Western countries. Here, we describe a case of pyothorax-associated lymphoma in a patient with a 30-year history of chronic tuberculous empyema. The patient underwent decortication under the impression of chronic empyema with fistula. The histopathologic diagnosis was a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma associated chronic inflammation.
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PMID:Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma Arising from Chronic Tuberculous Empyema. 2570 6

A 39-year-old man infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was admitted to our hospital because of sudden onset of chest pain. Chest radiography revealed pneumothorax of the right lung. Computed tomographic scans disclosed a 5.8-cm-sized emphysematous bulla in the right middle lobe of the lung. Histologically, the wedge-resected lung showed medium to large atypical cells within the bullous cavity of the Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia, without solid mass formation. These atypical cells were confirmed to be large B-cell lymphoma, Epstein-Barr virus-positive and human herpesvirus 8-negative. Therefore, this case was not diagnosed as primary effusion lymphoma, but effusion-based lymphoma arising in an emphysematous cavity of an HIV-infected patient. This type of effusion-based lymphoma has never been reported, and, although rare, it should be noted in order to clinically diagnose this lymphoma.
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PMID:Human Herpesvirus 8-Negative and Epstein-Barr Virus-Positive Effusion-Based Lymphoma in a Patient with Human Immunodeficiency Virus. 2608 24

An 84-year-old man, who had received artificial pneumothorax for pulmonary tuberculosis 67 years previously, complained of severe chest pain. Chest CT revealed chronic pyothorax with multiple heterogeneously enhanced cavity lesions in the wall of the right intrathoracic space. 18FDG-PET revealed that the lesions showed an abnormal uptake. CT-guided biopsy was performed and he was diagnosed with pyothorax-associated lymphoma (PAL); the histological diagnosis was diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Furthermore, immunohistochemical staining revealed that the tumor cells were positive for EBNA-2 and LMP-1, suggesting that the latent gene products of Epstein-Barr virus were associated with the development of PAL. The patient was treated with chemotherapy, including rituximab; however, the treatment was discontinued due to the development of severe delirium after chemotherapy. We should keep in mind that elderly patients with a long history of chronic pyothorax are at risk of developing malignant lymphoma. We report the present case with a brief review of the literature.
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PMID:[Pyothorax-associated lymphoma with the expression of Epstein-Barr virus latent genes]. 2950 58

We report the case of an 8-year-old boy with diffuse large B cell lymphoma who developed a right-sided spontaneous pneumothorax with pleural effusion after recovery from septic shock. The pleural fluid was thought to be malignancy-associated chylothorax concomitant with complicated pleural effusion due to a milky-like appearance, a high level of triglycerides and Gram-negative bacteria staining in the fluid. He was put on total parental nutrition and octreotide for 2 weeks, but did not improve. The laboratory results also showed a persistent bacterial infection in the pleural fluid despite appropriate antibiotics. Eventually, a CT scan revealed a fistulous tract between the right pleural cavity and the stomach. Fistula repair was successful by right open thoracotomy with decortication. Even though the gastropleural fistula is a very rare condition in paediatric patients, the physician should consider this diagnosis in a patient who has an unusual presentation or refractory chylothorax-like pleural effusion.
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PMID:Gastropleural fistula masquerading as chylothorax in a child with lymphoma. 3129 37

Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is characterized by cystic lung disease, abdominal tumor and involvement of the axial lymph nodes. We report a very rare case of LAM with malignant lymphoma. A 51-year-old female had medical history of recurrent pneumothorax and nephrectomy for a left renal angiomyolipoma and was diagnosed with LAM by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery at the age of 30. She presented with left neck mass. Computed tomography and magnetic response imaging showed multiple enlarged cervical lymph nodes. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) showed abnormal uptake in the mass. We suspected a malignant tumor or extrapulmonary lesion of LAM, and performed surgical biopsy. Pathologically, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma was diagnosed, but LAM was not detected. After she received six cycles of R-CHOP chemotherapy, FDG-PET turned negative and complete metabolic response was achieved. As LAM is reported to be silent for FDG-PET, unusual uptake of FDG is useful for identifying other neoplasms. For this case, FDG-PET was useful for the differential diagnosis and therapeutic evaluation.
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PMID:A case of lymphangioleiomyomatosis with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: Usefulness of FDG-PET. 3225 85


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