Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0079731 (B-cell lymphoma)
 16,671 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The hand mirror (HM) cell phenomenon, which usually affects pathologic cells of lymphoid tissue in bone marrow, especially in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), was seen in B-cell lymphoma cells in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). It was subsequently detected not only in the bone marrow, but also in extramedullary sites of the lymphoma. Subsequent phase-contrast microscopic study of 45 consecutive specimens of CSF revealed lymphoid cells with HM features in a case of ALL (in which HM cells were subsequently found in the bone marrow) and in a case of acute viral meningoencephalitis. These observations demonstrate that the HM cell phenomenon, which is considered to be a cellular alteration resulting from incorporation in the cell of antigen-antibody complexes, is not unique to bone marrow. It can be present in extramedullary sites and can be seen in exfoliated cells in CSF, where its detection is facilitated by the use of phase-contrast microscopy.
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PMID:Extramedullary hand mirror cells in pathologic conditions of lymphoid tissue. 225 22

Treatment with the chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab induces rapid and long-lasting depletion of circulating B cells. We report the occurrence of enteroviral meningoencephalitis following rituximab therapy in 1 child with immune thrombocytopenia and in 1 adult patient with relapsed B cell lymphoma.
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PMID:Enteroviral meningoencephalitis after anti-CD20 (rituximab) treatment. 1253 90

We report a case of a 58-year-old female with neuromeningeal relapse of a large B-cell lymphoma which developed a meningoencephalitis due to adenovirus (ADV). Diagnosis of suspected viral meningoencephalitis was based on computed tomography (CT) scan radiological pictures, which were atypical for CNS neoplastic infiltrations, and it was confirmed by direct immunofluorescence performed on cerebrospinal fluid. Cultural exams identified adenovirus type 7. The ADV infection resolved after treatment with total four doses of cidofovir. Unfortunately, the hematological disease progressed and the patient died 2 months later from disseminated lymphoma.
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PMID:Adenovirus meningoencephalitis in a patient with large B-cell lymphoma. 1267 88

Enteroviral meningoencephalitis was diagnosed in a patient with an immunodeficiency syndrome acquired after treatment with rituximab for a relapsed primary B-cell lymphoma. A second meningoencephalitic episode was diagnosed 6 months later and was successfully treated with a combination of immunoglobulins and pleconaril. The infection was persistent since the enterovirus genome was detected in five sequential specimens of cerebrospinal fluid collected over 9 months. An echovirus 13 isolate was isolated in the first three samples. The viral sequence encoding the VP1 capsid protein of the three isolates was determined and was compared with that of four control viruses. The virus isolates recovered from the patient shared >99% nucleotide sequence similarity with one another. In a phylogenetic tree, they were directly related to a control virus obtained from a patient hospitalized in 2000 during an outbreak of enterovirus meningitis. The epidemiological origin of a chronic echovirus infection in a patient with immune deficiency suggests that the echovirus had been continuously circulating in the general population after the outbreak that had revealed its emergence.
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PMID:Molecular evidence of persistent echovirus 13 meningoencephalitis in a patient with relapsed lymphoma after an outbreak of meningitis in 2000. 1453 90

A 57-year-old man who had received treatment for B cell lymphoma presented with West Nile virus (WNV) meningoencephalitis. During his 99-day hospitalization, no WNV-specific antibodies were detected. In postmortem central nervous system samples obtained at autopsy, WNV RNA and WNV antigens were detected. This patient's case raises important issues related to the diagnosis, pathogenesis, and possible treatment of persistent WNV infection.
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PMID:Persistent neuroinvasive West Nile virus infection in an immunocompromised patient. 1675 37

Idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia (ICL) is a rare immunodeficiency disorder. We describe a 49-year-old woman with a history of ICL who developed hepatic Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). ICL was diagnosed at a time of her presentation with varicella-zoster virus (VZV) meningoencephalitis and chorioretinitis. Her CD4 count subsequently improved but remained at the lower limits of the normal range. Five years later she presented with cough, fever and night-sweat. She was found to have multiple liver nodules on MRI, fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) avid on the positron emission tomography (PET) CT, histologically defined as DLBCL, EBV positive and of non-germinal centre type. To our knowledge this is the first reported case of EBV-positive DLBCL localised to the liver in the context of ICL. EBV-positive DLBCL typically occurs in immunocompromised individuals. The corticosteroid therapy she received for VZV meningoencephalitis may have contributed to the EBV reactivation with subsequent EBV-driven malignant transformation of B-cells.
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PMID:EBV-driven diffuse large B-cell lymphoma confined to the liver in a patient with a history of idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia. 2396 55

In recent years, anti-CD20 antibodies have been increasingly used to treat lymphoproliferative and immune disorders. Chronic viral infections are infrequently reported in patients receiving these therapies. Enteroviral infection can cause life-threatening meningoencephalitis and other systemic chronic syndromes in immune deficient patients. We describe the clinical courses and outcomes of 6 patients from 2 tertiary care institutions who developed chronic enteroviral infection with neurological manifestations, after combined chemoimmunotherapy with rituximab for B-cell lymphoma. We review the literature that includes 10 sporadic reported cases of chronic enteroviral meningoencephalitis attributed to rituximab therapy. It is a rare disease, and its diagnosis is often elusive. We propose that low immunoglobulin G levels are the main risk factor for developing chronic enteroviral infection and emphasize the need for a high index of suspicion, early diagnosis, and intervention in this iatrogenic and potentially fatal complication.
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PMID:Enteroviral infection in patients treated with rituximab for non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a case series and review of the literature. 2773 21

A 63-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital to receive a fourth course of modified rituximab-ESHAP chemotherapy for relapsed primary breast diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. She developed hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) 20 days after admission. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detected cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNA in her peripheral blood; therefore, she was diagnosed with CMV-associated HLH and consequently treated with foscarnet (FCN). Her general condition and pancytopenia soon improved, and the antiviral drug was stopped for 1 week. However, she suddenly became disoriented 10 days later, and this condition rapidly worsened. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination revealed an elevated white blood cell count with lymphocytic predominance and a high CMV DNA load, prompting a final diagnosis of CMV meningoencephalitis. We began intravenous combination therapy with FCN and ganciclovir (GCV), and her conscious state gradually improved. CMV DNA sequencing did not reveal drug resistance associated with mutations, and intravenous GCV was stopped for 1 week. FCN treatment was then continued until CMV DNA was no longer detected in her CSF samples via PCR. CMV meningoencephalitis is a rare neurological infection complicated with hematological malignancy in non-transplant patients and can be serious and life-threatening with a high mortality rate. This infection requires a differential diagnosis of consciousness impairment that develops in a patient with lymphoid malignancy during chemotherapy.
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PMID:[Cytomegalovirus meningoencephalitis in a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patient undergoing salvage chemotherapy]. 3084 79

Angiostrongylus cantonensis is one of the most widespread parasites causing central nervous system (CNS) diseases in mammals. Since the mitochondrion is an essential cell organelle responsible for both physiological and pathological processes, its dysfunction might lead to inflammation and multiple disorders. In this study we aimed to investigate the changes in mitochondrial dynamics that occur in the mouse brain upon infection with A. cantonensis, using molecular biology techniques such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR), western blot analysis, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and different staining methods. Here, we show that mouse brain infected with A. cantonensis exhibits altered mitochondrial dynamics, including fission, fusion, and biogenesis. Additionally, we demonstrate that caspases and B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2) were significantly upregulated in A. cantonensis-infected brain. These results are indicative of the occurrence of apoptosis during A. cantonensis infection, which was further confirmed by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining. These findings suggest the change in mitochondrial dynamics in A. cantonensis-infected brain, providing another point of view on the pathogenesis of meningoencephalitis caused by A. cantonensis infection.
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PMID:Mitochondrial dynamics in Angiostrongylus cantonensis-infected mouse brain. 3314 98