Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0079731 (B-cell lymphoma)
 16,671 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Only 2.0-6.8% of extranodal malignant lymphomas are found in the nasal region and paranasal sinuses. Primary malignant lymphoma of the paranasal sinuses usually occurs in the maxillary or ethmoid sinuses, and is very rare in the sphenoid sinus. Here we report a rare case of primary malignant lymphoma of the sphenoid sinus that was found accompanying orbital apex syndrome. The patient's progressively deteriorating neurological condition was improved after surgery via the transsphenoidal approach. A 52-year-old man was admitted with reduced left visual acuity, diplopia, and retroorbital pain. CT showed an isodense mass in the sphenoid sinus with slight enhancement, and MRI showed that the lesion was slightly hypointense on T1-weighted images, hypointense on T2-weighted images, and slightly enhanced by Gd-DTPA. On January 19, 1989, the patient suddenly became blind. An operation via the transsphenoidal approach was done as an emergency procedure to decompress the sphenoid sinus and the left optic canal. The histological diagnosis was non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the diffuse large cell type (B cell lymphoma). Malignant lymphoma in the paranasal sinuses is usually biopsied and treated by chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy without surgical resection. In this rare case, an operation via the transsphenoidal approach was effective in improving the patient's visual acuity.
 ...
PMID:[Primary malignant lymphoma in the sphenoid sinus with orbital apex syndrome; a case report]. 155 80

Ocular-central nervous system malignant B-cell lymphoma initially caused diplopia and morning headaches in a 10-year-old boy. After initial diagnosis of pseudotumor cerebri was made, based on normal findings from magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance angiography elsewhere, he was treated with acetazolamide. Standardized echography demonstrated a combination of solid infiltration and fluid within the optic nerve sheaths. Lumbar puncture showed elevated opening pressure and cerebrospinal diagnostic of central nervous system (CNS) B-cell lymphoma, which was confirmed by gene rearrangement. Results of peripheral blood study were negative. Aggressive treatment with chemotherapy and external-beam radiation produced complete resolution of solid optic nerve sheath infiltration in both eyes. This report discusses the clinical and ultrasonographic characteristics of CNS malignant B-cell lymphoma with ocular involvement and its differentiation from pseudotumor cerebri.
 ...
PMID:Central nervous system malignant B-cell lymphoma identified with standardized echography of the optic nerve. 942 75

Ptosis on its own is an infrequent initial manifestation of orbital lymphoma. Orbital lymphoma usually presents as a palpable mass with proptosis, diplopia, and conjunctival ("salmon-pink") swelling. We report here a 62-year-old female patient who presented with right eye ptosis. The initial imaging study showed an indistinct enlargement of the superior rectus-levator muscle complex. After 3-4 months, ptosis and upward gazing movement were further restricted. The imaging study revealed a definite soft-tissue mass in the superior orbit surrounding the superior rectus-levator muscle complex. A tumor biopsy through anterior orbitotomy revealed a large diffuse B-cell lymphoma. With the experience of this case, we suggest that orbital lymphoma should be included in the differential diagnosis of ptosis accompanied by impairment of levator muscle function.
 ...
PMID:Ptosis as an initial manifestation of orbital lymphoma: a case report. 1667 2

Primary B cell lymphomas of the skull base are uncommon and lack well-defined treatment guidelines. We report a case of diffuse, large B-cell lymphoma of the cavernous sinus with sphenoid sinus and clivial extension, treated with partial resection, chemotherapy, and proton beam irradiation. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a skull-base lymphoma treated with protons. A 53-year-old female presented with a two-month history of diplopia, persistent headaches, and paresthesia over the left side of her mouth. A skull MRI revealed an enhancing mass in the right cavernous sinus and right sphenoid sinus. Transsphenoidal subtotal resection of the mass confirmed the presence of a diffuse, large B-cell lymphoma. Treatment consisted of CHOP-R chemotherapy and locoregional radiation with protons. Locoregional radiation of the lesion required moderate doses, below the radiation tolerance of adjacent normal structures. Conformal protons were utilized to minimize the volume of normal brain receiving radiation. Conformal proton beam radiotherapy to a moderate dose proved valuable in this case because it minimized the volume of normal brain receiving low to moderate doses of radiation.
 ...
PMID:Locoregional proton radiotherapy of a primary cavernous sinus non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: case report. 1670 Jun 24

An 82-year-old man with hypothyroidism had vertical diplopia and swelling around his left eye. Visual acuity was 20/20 OD and 20/50 OS. There was moderate blepharoptosis and edema of the left eyelids and superior scleral show of the right eye. The left eye showed 4 mm of proptosis, motility restriction, afferent pupillary defect, and normal optic disc. Orbital MRI revealed enlargement of the left superior and medial rectus muscles without tendinous involvement. These findings were initially suggestive of thyroid orbitopathy. Thyroid function tests were normal. Coronal MRI showed additional superior oblique enlargement and involvement of the levator superioris palpebrae muscle, which are both suggestive of a non-thyroid pathology. Muscle biopsy revealed large B-cell lymphoma. The patient was treated with chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and radiotherapy, with complete tumor control. Orbital lymphoma can simulate thyroid orbitopathy, even in patients with classic "thyroid-like" symptoms and imaging.
 ...
PMID:Orbital lymphoma simulating thyroid orbitopathy. 1685 8

Primary pituitary lymphomas (PPLs) are rare tumors of the central nervous system, and most are of B-cell origin. Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphomas are uncommon neoplasms that are highly aggressive and show a strong association with Epstein-Barr virus. They most commonly affect the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses; manifestation as a primary pituitary tumor has never been described. The authors report a case of NK/T-cell lymphoma of the pituitary gland and review 17 cases of PPL from the literature. All patients had been evaluated at presentation for clinical, neuroimaging, and histopathological findings. Patients who had systemic lymphoma with secondary involvement of the pituitary gland were excluded. The mean patient age was 55.5 years (range 26-86 years); the male/female ratio was 13:5. The most common presentation was pituitary insufficiency (72%), followed by headache (56%), diplopia (39%), visual loss (28%), and fever (22%). Thirteen patients (72%) exhibited anterior hypopituitarism and seven (39%) had diabetes insipidus at presentation. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated enhancing parasellar masses with diffuse enlargement of the pituitary gland (94%), suprasellar extension (44%), cavernous sinus extension (39%), and stalk thickening (22%). Thirteen patients (72%) had B-cell lymphoma, four (22%) had T-cell lymphoma, and one (6%) had NK/T-cell lymphoma. Primary pituitary lymphomas are rare entities with a range of clinical presentations and neuroimaging findings that are unique from those of patients who present with pituitary adenomas. The pathological entity of NK/T-cell lymphoma is distinct, and its course is very aggressive with a poor prognosis.
 ...
PMID:Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma presenting as a pituitary mass. Case report and review of the literature. 1788 69

Primary pituitary sarcoma in the absence of previous radiation therapy is very rare, only eight cases having been reported. We present the first reported case of sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma of the pituitary, a 56-year-old woman presenting with diplopia and panhypopituitarism. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a 1.2 x 0.4 x 0.5-cm sellar mass invading the right cavernous sinus. Despite surgery and radiation therapy, our patient developed intracranial metastases and died 2 years after the initial diagnosis. Sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma is an infrequently occurring, distinct variant of soft tissue fibrosarcoma. Its immunophenotype includes vimentin and occasionally CD-34, B cell lymphoma-2, S-100 protein, or keratin expression. Although initially thought to be a low-grade lesion, sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcomas may also behave in a high-grade manner.
 ...
PMID:Sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma of the pituitary. 1809 72

A 51-year-old woman presented with a 2-month history of double vision and numbness around her left ear. She subsequently became unsteady on her feet and developed further cranial nerve abnormalities, before complaining of headache, nausea and vomiting. Imaging revealed features suggestive of two intracranial lesions; one non-contrast-enhancing high-signal area in the cerebellum with associated calcification, and a second contrast-enhancing low-signal area in association with the fourth ventricle, and at surgery there were two apparent components to the tumor. The histopathological features were those of a low-grade, focally calcified tumor comprising atypical ganglion and glial cells with interspersed Rosenthal fibres. Mitotic figures were not seen, and there was no necrosis. An infiltrate of small reactive lymphocytes was interspersed among the neoplastic cells. Immunohistochemistry revealed expression of synaptophysin by many of the dysplastic ganglion cells, with some co-expressing neurofilament protein and occasionally glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Several of the dysplastic ganglion cells also expressed CD34. The glial cell population was highlighted by GFAP. Ki-67 (MIB-1) activity was not noted among the neoplastic populations--the few positive nuclei in these areas were those of interspersed reactive CD3-positive T lymphocytes. In addition, at the edge of one of the biopsies was a dense infiltrate of mitotically-active large atypical CD 20-positive B lymphocytes, among which the Ki-67 (MIB-1) labeling index reached 80%. The final diagnosis was diffuse large B cell lymphoma arising within a ganglioglioma of the cerebellum, and this is believed to be the first reported case.
 ...
PMID:51-year-old woman with double vision. 1836 42

Prognosis of patients suffering from secondary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma is dismal. Intracranial spread of a lymphoma arising in adjacent extranodal tissues is a rare event. A 32-year-old patient was diagnosed with progressive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) with extra- and intracranial localization. He complained of headache, left diplopia, marked rigidity of the neck muscles, and difficulty in swallowing and articulating words, caused by bilateral palsy of the XII cranial nerve. Computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography (PET) scans showed disease localizations in the occipital-cervical soft tissue, and cerebellar parenchyma. Due to the severity of the clinical picture, high-dose dexamethasone was immediately administered. Mild improvement was observed during the first 2 days of treatment, but dramatic reduction of symptoms and nerve palsy was documented only in the 48 h after the first intrathecal administration of liposomal Ara-C. Systemic R-MegaCEOP chemotherapy was started 7 days later. Concomitant intrathecal liposomal Ara-C injections were continued for a total of nine administrations during the eight cycles of immunochemotherapy without any toxicity observed. Interim and post-therapy PET showed complete resolution of radionuclide accumulation in the involved sites. Consolidation radiotherapy (36 Gy) was administered in involved areas after the completion of the immunochemotherapy program. At the time of writing, no cumulative neurotoxicity is evident at follow-up of 17 months from diagnosis and 9 months after the overall therapeutic program has been accomplished.
 ...
PMID:Rapid and sustained response of an intra- and extracranial large cell lymphoma mass to liposomal intrathecal Ara-C and R-MegaCEOP systemic chemotherapy. 1969 67

We report a case of primary leptomeningeal central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma with atypical imaging features in an immunocompetent adolescent who presented with diplopia, seizures, vomiting and subsequent unresponsiveness. Primary leptomeningeal CNS lymphoma is rare in the pediatric population, and this is one of few reported cases in the literature of large B-cell lymphoma isolated to the leptomeninges in a teenager.
 ...
PMID:Primary leptomeningeal central nervous system lymphoma in an immunocompetent adolescent: an unusual presentation. 2046 87


1 2 3 4 Next >>