Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0079731 (B-cell lymphoma)
 16,671 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The oncoprotein, bcl-2, is expressed in various types of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Immunodetection of this protein is a useful method for distinguishing follicular hyperplasia from follicular lymphoma. Although bcl-2 might also be a useful marker for distinguishing reactive monocytoid B-cell hyperplasia from its putative malignant counterpart, marginal zone lymphoma, there were no extensive studies to date that tested this. Therefore, we performed a survey of bcl-2 expression in 778 cases of NHL using immunohistochemical techniques applied to routinely processed and paraffin-embedded tissues. Of 20 reactive monocytoid B-cell hyperplasias, none were bcl-2 positive, compared with 118 (79%) of 150 marginal zone lymphomas (P = .001). With respect to the follicular lymphomas in our study, of the 110 Grade I lymphomas, 107 (97%) were bcl-2 positive, 119 (83%) of the 143 Grade II lymphomas were positive, and 71 (74%) of the 96 Grade III lymphomas were positive. The bcl-2 positivity of Burkitt-like high-grade B-cell lymphoma was significantly different from that of Burkitt's lymphoma (4 [67%] of 6 vs. 0 of 5; P = .02). T-cell NHL had a significantly lower bcl-2 positivity than did B-cell NHL (10 [45%] of 22 vs. 627 [83%] of 756; P = .0001). Therefore, bcl-2 is a highly sensitive marker for follicular lymphoma and a useful marker for distinguishing reactive monocytoid B-cell hyperplasia from marginal zone lymphoma The significant difference in bcl-2 positivity between Burkitt-like high-grade B-cell lymphoma and Burkitt's lymphoma suggests an additional diagnostic use for this protein.
 ...
PMID:Frequency of bcl-2 expression in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: a study of 778 cases with comparison of marginal zone lymphoma and monocytoid B-cell hyperplasia. 975 66

Recently, a novel phosphatase designated PTEN/MMAC1/TEP1 and located on chromosome 10q23.3 has been implicated as a new tumor suppressor gene in human cancer. Allelic loss and mutation of this gene has been reported in epithelial derived tumors, including breast cancer and prostate cancer, and in glioblastoma multiforme. The present study was designed to evaluate the potential involvement of PTEN in the pathogenesis of lymphoid neoplasms. We analyzed 27 hematopoietic cell lines (representing a variety of lymphoid lineages), 65 primary lymphoid tumors (including 24 lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma [LBL], 30 large B-cell lymphoma [LBCL], 7 Burkitt's lymphoma [BL], and 4 anaplastic large cell lymphoma [ALCL]), and 25 nonmalignant lymph node controls. Gene deletion and gross rearrangement were evaluated using Southern blot analysis, and mutations were studied by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) (PCR-SSCP) and sequencing. Six of 27 cell lines (22.2%) and 3 of 65 primary lymphomas (4.6%) contained alterations of this gene. A large homozygous deletion spanning exons 2 through 5 was detected in one LBL cell line, and two insertions potentially resulting in premature termination, were detected in a second LBL cell line. Nonconservative nucleotide variations were found in two other cell lines (one LBCL and one BL) and in one primary case of LBCL. In addition, two other cell lines (one BL and one myeloma) and two primary lymphomas, both LBCL, contained small deletions within intron 7. These deletions mapped to a poly-T-rich tract just 5' to the intron 7/exon 8 spice site. Their significance is unclear, as they may represent polymorphisms. Overall, our results suggest that abnormalities of the PTEN gene can contribute to pathogenesis in a small percentage of malignant lymphomas.
 ...
PMID:PTEN gene alterations in lymphoid neoplasms. 978 81

The clinical and pathological features of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related lymphomas, including their relationship with other viruses, such as Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus-8 (HHV8), have been the subject of several studies from North America and Europe. No consistent data have been reported in Africa, where AIDS runs an epidemiological and clinical course different from that observed in Western countries. We retrospectively evaluated the presence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), HHV8, and EBV in 146 cases of malignant lymphomas collected in Kenya (Equatorial Africa), with the use of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and in situ hybridization (ISH). The PCR technique confirmed HIV infection in 16 HIV-seropositive subjects (11%) and showed the presence of HIV sequences in five additional cases (3%) in which the occurrence of lymphoma was the only clinical manifestation. Our findings suggest that AIDS-related lymphomas are not pathogenetically homogenous, and different mechanisms may contribute to lymphomagenesis in these severely immunocompromised patients. In our series, no association of Hodgkin's disease (HD) with HIV infection could be shown. Among non-HIV-related lymphomas, EBV was present in 94% of Burkitt lymphoma (BL) occurring in patients younger than 15 years of age, in 87% of HD independently of age, sex, and histological types, in 60% of anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL), and to a lesser extent (13%) in large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL) cases. Only one tumor, a case of HD, showed HHV8 by PCR.
 ...
PMID:HIV-associated malignant lymphomas in Kenya (Equatorial Africa) 1053 80

In order to elucidate the possibility of costimulatory molecules-mediated immuno or immuno-gene therapy for human hematological malignancies, we analyzed 30 hematopoietic cell lines and cells obtained from 48 patients with hematological malignancies for the expression of costimulatory molecules such as CD80 and CD86. The 30 hematopoietic cell lines were composed of 4 cell lines derived from the patients with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), 3 from Philadelphia chromosome positive ALL (Ph1+ALL), 8 from acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML), 3 from acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), 8 from chronic myeloid leukemia at blast crisis (CML-BC), 3 from Burkitt's lymphoma and one from follicular cell lymphoma. The expression of CD80 or CD86 was frequent on cell lines derived from the patients with CML-BC or Burkitt's lymphoma, while it was rare on cell lines from T-ALL. Subsequently we analyzed the cells obtained from 48 patients with hematological malignancies, which consisted of 6 samples from patients with ALL, 30 from AML, 2 from CML-BC, 3 from B-cell lymphoma and one from each acute mixed leukemia (AMixL), adult T cell leukemia (ATL), T-cell large granular lymphocytic leukemia (T-LGL leukemia), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS)-RAEB in T, multiple myeloma (MM) or T-cell lymphoma. Among all the 48 cases, all cases except one case with CLL and two with B cell lymphoma were demonstrated to be negative for CD80 on the neoplastic cells. CD86 and HLA-DR were shown to be expressed in 50% and 88% of total 48 cases respectively. In 30 AML samples, CD86 was positive in 15 cases (50%), which was sharply in contrast with the finding that CD80 was not detected in any AML samples. HLA-DR was expressed in 25 AML samples (83%). We also treated seven human hematopoietic cell lines with IFN-gamma, IL-12 or IL-15 and observed whether these cytokines could induce or enhance the expression of CD40, CD54, CD58 and HLA-DR as well as CD80 and CD86. The present study demonstrated that the expression of CD86 could be upregulated not only by IFN-gamma, but also by IL-12 or IL-15 in some cell lines. These findings suggested the possibility that the absence of CD80 on neoplastic cells may be associated with the lack of efficient anti-tumor immunity in most patients with hematological malignancies and that the immuno or immuno-gene therapy manipulating the expression of costimulatory molecules such as CD80 may be a useful treatment modality for hematological malignancies.
 ...
PMID:Expression patterns of costimulatory molecules on cells derived from human hematological malignancies. 989 58

CD10 (CALLA) antigen is expressed in a wide variety of epithelial and nonepithelial tissues, but its most significant application is in the diagnosis and classification of certain types of malignant lymphoma and leukemia. CD10 is expressed in a high percentage of cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), follicular lymphoma, Burkitt's lymphoma, and some hematopoietic tumors. Although the antigen is not lineage specific, CD10 expression is widely used to define subgroups within B-ALL and is a useful tool for detecting the presence of leukemic blasts in the bloodstream. Currently available monoclonal antibodies to CD10 have been found to be effective only in fresh-frozen tissue and for techniques such as flow cytometry. We have used a recombinant protein corresponding to the whole of CD10 to generate a monoclonal antibody that is effective in paraffin-embedded tissue sections. We have used this antibody to assay for the presence of CD10 on a range of normal and pathological tissues. Strong staining was seen in lymphoid germinal centers, renal tubules, glomeruli, syncytiotrophoblast, hepatic parenchymal canaliculi, B-lineage ALL, follicle center cell lymphoma, and a proportion of cases of large-B-cell lymphoma. We believe that this antibody will be of value in the characterization of malignant lymphoma, in particular the differential diagnosis of small-B-cell lymphoma and subtyping of lymphoblastic leukemia, as well as the investigation of the significance of expression of CD10 in other normal and pathological tissues.
 ...
PMID:NCL-CD10-270: a new monoclonal antibody recognizing CD10 in paraffin-embedded tissue. 991 21

New insights into the pathogenesis of lymphoid malignancies have been gained through novel techniques such as genetic, molecular and immunologic methods. Recently, based on those findings, a new classification system for lymphoid malignancies, known as the REAL classification, has been proposed. To clarify the relation between the histological classification and prognosis of B-cell lymphoid malignancies, we re-classified 708 cases. In all cases, the B-cell phenotype and/or genotype was confirmed by immunohistochemical staining and/or receptor gene analysis. The most common B-cell lymphoma types were diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (58.8%), follicular lymphoma (12.1%), marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) (9.0%) and mantle cell lymphoma (5.9%). Minor types were lymphoblastic lymphoma (3.4%), Burkitt's lymphoma (2.4%), nodal marginal zone lymphoma (2.1%), lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (2.0%) and plasmacytoma (1.4%). Rare types were prolymphocytic lymphoma and splenic marginal zone lymphoma. Using overall survival rates, the various B-cell lymphoma types could be divided into three broad groups for prognostic purposes: (1) the low risk group consisted of follicular lymphoma, marginal zone lymphoma of MALT, nodal marginal zone lymphoma, plasmacytoma and lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma; (2) the intermediate risk group consisted of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, Burkitt's lymphoma and mantle cell lymphoma; and (3) the high risk group consisted of lymphoblastic lymphoma. In MALT, the low grade type had a better prognosis than the high grade type. In diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, the common type had a better prognosis than the variant type, which mainly consisted of the immunoblastic lymphoma. The histological classification will have a benefit for the clinical approach.
 ...
PMID:B-cell lymphoma of 708 cases in Japan: incidence rates and clinical prognosis according to the REAL classification. 1007 24

CD43 expression on B cells is an immunophenotypic feature suggestive of malignancy. In the light of its diagnostic importance, we performed a comprehensive survey of CD43 expression in various types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and determined the frequency of its expression in routinely fixed paraffin-embedded tissues. Tissue sections in 742 cases of NHL, pretreated by the heat-induced epitope retrieval technique, were immunostained using an anti-CD43 antibody. Three categories of CD43 positivity were found: (1) more than 90% of T-cell lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma, B-cell small lymphocytic lymphoma, and Burkitt lymphoma cases were positive; (2) 20% to 40% of nodal and extranodal marginal zone lymphoma (MZL), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, Burkitt-like B-cell lymphoma, and lymphoplasmacytoid lymphoma cases were positive; and (3) 0% to 6% of primary splenic MZL and various types of follicular lymphoma cases were positive. Most CD43+ follicular lymphomas were predominantly large cell type with focally diffuse areas; their follicular center cell origin in 4 of 8 cases was supported by the presence of CD10 immunoreactivity and/or t(14;18) fusion gene product. CD43 is frequently detectable in a subset of B-NHL, and, thus, it seems to be a highly sensitive marker for these tumors. CD43 also may be a useful marker for classifying B-cell NHLs by virtue of its differential expression in these tumors.
 ...
PMID:Frequency of CD43 expression in non-Hodgkin lymphoma. A survey of 742 cases and further characterization of rare CD43+ follicular lymphomas. 1019 68

RADIOTHERAPY OF ADULT NODAL NON HODGKIN'S LYMPHOMA: The role of radiotherapy in the treatment of nodal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma has been modified by the introduction of efficient chemotherapy and the development of different pathological classifications. INTERMEDIATE GRADE OR HIGH GRADE LYMPHOMA: The recommended treatment of early-stage aggressive lymphomas is primarily a combination chemotherapy. The interest of adjuvant radiotherapy remains unclear and has to be established through large prospective trials. If radiation therapy has to be delivered, the historical results of exclusive radiation therapy showed that involved-fields and a dose of 35-40 Gy (daily fraction of 1.8 Gy, 5 days a week) are the optimal schedule. The interest of radiotherapy in the treatment of advanced-stage aggressive lymphoma is yet to be proven. Further studies had to stratify localized stages according to the factors of the International Prognostic Index. LOW-GRADE LYMPHOMA: For early-stage low-grade lymphoma, radiotherapy remains the standard treatment. However, the appropriate technique to use is controversial. Involved-field irradiation at a dose of 35 Gy seems to be the optimal schedule, providing a 10-year disease-free survival rate of 50% and no major toxicity. There is no standard indication of radiotherapy in the treatment advanced-stage low-grade lymphoma. RARE AND NEW ENTITY: For "new" nodal lymphoma's types, the indication of radiotherapy cannot be established (mantle-zone lymphoma, marginal zone B-cell lymphoma) or must take into account the natural history (Burkitt's lymphoma, peripheral T-cell lymphoma) and the sensibility to others therapeutic methods.
 ...
PMID:[Role of radiotherapy in the treatment of adult nodal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma]. 1023 Mar 72

Malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) of childhood and adolescence are a heterogeneous group of diseases originating from the lymphoid cells. Unlike adults with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, children typically have extranodal disseminated disease of high grade (Burkitt's lymphoma, large cell lymphoma, or lymphoblastic lymphoma). This study was conducted to determine the feasibility of treating children in the Czech Republic with B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas according to very intensive protocols based on the German Berlin Frankfurt Munster (BFM) NHL 90 study. Treatments are divided in the BFM studies according to "B" and "non-B" immunophenotypes. The authors report only those treated according to the BFM B-cell protocol. From 1991 through 1997 eighty-two patients less than 18 years with NHL were admitted to the department. Seventy-three of them were classified as B-cell lymphoma and 54 were thus eligible for the BFM B-cell treatment. The entire group consisted of 38 males and 16 females (ratio 2.38). Median age was 11.6 years. Twelve had stage I disease, 3 stage II, 30 stage III, and 9 stage IV lymphoma. There were 21 patients with Burkitt's lymphoma, 29 with large cell lymphoma, of which 5 were patients with MALT lymphoma. In 3 cases B-cell NHL was not further classified and one child had a mediastinal B lymphoma. Patients were further stratified according to clinical stage and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level. Therapy consisted of a prephase and short (2, 4, or 6 courses), intensive 5-day therapy with 6 drugs. The probability of event-free survival (pEFS) for the entire group was 74% and overall survival at 5 years was 80%. There was a significantly better outcome for children classified as stage I. No difference was observed between the EFS of stage III and IV patients. Four patients died from treatment-related complications in complete remission. Treatment results were not identical between NHL subtypes, with large cell lymphoma patients doing significantly better (pEFS 90%, p = .008). The use of protocols based on BFM 90 study was feasible at this center. The treatment results are approximately 10% lower than those reported by BFM investigators, but comparable to results from other centers.
 ...
PMID:Treatment of pediatric B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas at the Motol Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic: results based on the NHL BFM 90 protocols. 1032 18

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the testis is an uncommon disease. It accounts for approximately 9% of testicular neoplasms. Despite this low overall incidence, however, it is the most common testicular malignancy in the elderly. Testicular lymphoma has a rather high incidence of bilateral involvement and a propensity for extranodal spread to the skin, subcutaneous tissue, CNS, lung, and Waldeyer's ring. Although intermediate-grade diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is the most common histologic pattern among primary testicular lymphoma, secondary infiltration of the testis, especially in high-grade Burkitt's lymphoma, is more prevalent. Although excellent results with a doxorubicin-containing chemotherapy regimen have been achieved in early-stage disease, patients with advanced disease have a grave prognosis.
 ...
PMID:Testicular lymphoma. 1037 83


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>