Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0043352 (xerostomia)
 4,250 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twenty-nine inpatients with major psychotic disorders were treated for 14 days with a clinician-determined dose of haloperidol and with either benztropine or placebo given by double-blind random assignment on days 1 through 7. No differences were noted in haloperidol mean dose, haloperidol blood levels, or BPRS scores during the first seven days between benztropine (N = 14) and placebo (N = 15) groups. Benztropine-treated patients demonstrated increased dry mouth and diminished sweat and a non-significantly lower rate of dystonia compared to placebo (14% vs. 33%). Dystonic patients were significantly younger than nondystonic patients, but did not differ in haloperidol mean dose or plasma concentration. The effect of benztropine on the incidence of dystonia was consistent with other studies, which, when analyzed together, demonstrate the efficacy of anticholinergic prophylaxis. The relatively low incidence of anticholinergic side effects, coupled with the lack of effect on haloperidol blood levels or antipsychotic efficacy, suggest that moderate doses of benztropine in conjunction with haloperidol are a rational approach for the treatment of acute psychosis in young patients.
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PMID:The effect of benztropine on haloperidol-induced dystonia, clinical efficacy and pharmacokinetics: a prospective, double-blind trial. 205 36

To evaluate anticholinergic effects on cognition and other functions, we studied 60 healthy volunteers in a double-blind crossover trial of two antiparkinsonian agents, benztropine and amantadine. Benztropine 4 mg/day, but not amantadine 200 mg/day, impaired free recall and perception of time, and subjects' perception of their own memory impairment was significantly greater with benztropine. Side effects in general were worse with benztropine, particularly such anticholinergic effects as dry mouth and blurred vision, and benztropine decreased measured salivary flow to a significantly greater degree than amantadine. Our findings support the hypothesis that drugs that decrease cholinergic transmission impair storage of new information into long-term memory, but have little effect on retrieval from memory or on tasks involving only immediate memory. Clinically, anticholinergic agents can levy a considerable burden on memory and time perception.
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PMID:Anticholinergic effects on memory: benztropine versus amantadine. 266 6