Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0043352 (xerostomia)
 4,250 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

As reported previously D-Met2,Pro5-enkephalinamide (EA) is a highly active enkephalin analogue. To examine its human tolerability male volunteers were treated s.c. with increasing doses (0.1-30.0 mg). The observed autonomic effects were as follows: feeling of heaviness in the limbs, dry mouth, pallor of the face and conjunctival injection. There was no significant change in blood pressure, pulse and respiratory frequency. The autonomic effects appeared within 15-30 min. However, its effects on mood and wakefulness i.e. slight drowsiness, decrease in psychic tension and emotional detachment developed only later. The serum prolactin level increased dose-dependently, while the growth hormone (HGH) content showed biphasic dose-response pattern. The TSH content increased only at the highest doses applied (10.0-30.0 mg).
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PMID:Human tolerability studies with D-Met2,Pro5-enkephalinamide. 666 53

Complications from mydriatic and cycloplegic drugs are rare compared with their extensive use. Adverse effects are often related to dosage or other factors. The ocular complications include increased intraocular pressure, pigmentation of the conjunctiva and cornea, pigment in the anterior chamber, lacrimal duct blockage, macular edema, corneal endothelium damage, hyperemia, allergy, discomfort, and blurred vision. The systemic complications are those common to sympathomimetic and parasympatholytic drugs and include tachycardia, hypertension, headache, faintness. pallor, trembling, excessive sweating, palpitations, arrhythmias, confusion, hallucinations, drowsiness, ataxia, flushed skin, high fever, dysarthria, thirst, dry mouth, convulsions, disorientation, nervousness, coma, and death. An understanding of all possible side effects is of paramount importance to those using these drugs in the treatment of anticholinesterase poisoning. This review is intended as a ready reference to the adverse effects of mydriatic and cycloplegic drugs.
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PMID:Mydriatic and cycloplegic drugs: a review of ocular and systemic complications. 703 29

6 outpatient clinic nurses selected from 3 primary health centers in the Gondar District of Ethiopia were trained over the course of 9 days in the integrated management of childhood illnesses (IMCI), after which their performance was evaluated. The training course focused upon the assessment, classification, and treatment of sick children aged 2 months to 5 years, and upon the counselling of their mothers. Immediately following the training, the trainees were observed working in the health centers for a 3-week period to determine how well they assessed, classified, and treated children, and counseled mothers. 449 children who presented at the centers during the study period were evaluated. 87% of the complaints noted by the mothers on fever, cough, diarrhea, and ear problems were covered by the IMCI charts. There was good assessment of commonly seen signs such as tachypnoea and ear pain, as well as of readily identifiable signs such as a slow return after skin pinch, wasting, and pedal oedema; sensitivities were 67-91%. However, sensitivities were only 20-45% for rarely seen signs such as dry mouth and corneal clouding and the more difficult to recognize signs of eyelid pallor and the absence of tears. The classification of pneumonia, diarrhea with signs of dehydration, and malnutrition had sensitivities of 88%, 76%, and 85%, and specificities of 87%, 98%, and 96%, respectively. The classification of febrile illnesses was 39% sensitive. 9 of 39 children with severe disease were misclassified, mostly by one nurse. Patient treatment improved over the 3 weeks of observation and health workers usually communicated appropriate advice to mothers.
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PMID:Performance of health workers after training in integrated management of childhood illness in Gondar, Ethiopia. 952 17

Yin-Deficiency (YD), representing a status of the human body under lack of nutrition and fluid in traditional Chinese medicine, is commonly seen in late stage of cancer patients. It is not known whether the severity of YD related symptoms/signs can predict the survival rate of cancer patients. This study evaluated the distribution of Yin-deficiency symptoms/signs (YDS) in cancer patients with YD, and investigated whether the severity of YDS can predict the survival rate of cancer patients with YD. From 5 January 2007 to 5 May 2007, we selected 43 cancer patients with diagnosis of YD from hospitalized patients and outpatients. The severity of YD was evaluated by a questionnaire. We further estimated the cumulative probabilities of the survival rates over 4 months since the start of study by the Kaplan-Meier product-limit method, and compared the differences among groups with various severities in each symptom/sign with the use of the log-rank test. The results revealed that, the 3 most common YDS were sleeplessness with annoyance, less or non-coated tongue with or without redness and dry mouth. In the survival rate analysis, only 2 parameters, rapidly small pulse (p = 0.002) and less-or non-coated tongue with paleness (p = 0.017), were found to be related to the decrease of cancer patients with YD. This suggests that, both rapidly small pulse and less-or non-coated tongue without redness may be used as predictors for the estimation of survival rate in cancer patients with YD.
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PMID:The distribution of Yin-Deficient symptoms and their relationship on survival rate in cancer patients with Yin-Deficiency. 1871 63

Vitamins are essential organic compounds that catalyze metabolic reactions. They also function as electron donors, antioxidants or transcription effectors. They can be extracted from food and supplements, or in some cases, synthesized by our body or gut microbiome. Severe vitamin deficiencies result in systemic complications, including the development of scurvy, rickets, pellagra, and beriberi. Some moderate and severe deficiencies also result in oral conditions. A lower intake of vitamin A has been associated with decreased oral epithelial development, impaired tooth formation, enamel hypoplasia and periodontitis. Vitamin D deficiency during tooth development may result in non-syndromic amelogenesis and dentinogenesis imperfecta, enamel and dentin hypoplasia, and dysplasia. Clinical studies have demonstrated an association between vitamin D's endocrine effects and periodontitis. On the other hand, no significant association has been found between cariogenic activity and vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin C deficiency results in changes in the gingivae and bone, as well as xerostomia; while vitamin B deficiencies are associated with recurrent aphthous stomatitis, enamel hypomineralization, cheilosis, cheilitis, halitosis, gingivitis, glossitis, atrophy of the lingual papillae, stomatitis, rashes around the nose, dysphagia, and pallor. The effects of vitamins E and K on oral health are not as clear as those of other vitamins. However, vitamin K has a systemic effect (increasing the risk of haemorrhage), which may affect individuals undergoing oral surgery or suffering an oral injury. Health care professionals need to be aware of the effects of vitamins on oral health to provide the best available care for their patients.
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PMID:Chapter 6: Vitamins and Oral Health. 3194 Jun 21