Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0043352 (xerostomia)
 4,250 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In the week of May 7, 1973, seven persons contracted botulism after eating together. The most common symptoms were vomiting, constipation, dry mouth, dysphagia, and dysphonia. All were treated with trivalent botulinal antitoxin, and none died. Serum specimens obtained from all seven patients were negative for botulinal toxin, but stool specimens from three patients were positive for type B toxin. Electromyographic studies performed on five patients documented the neurophysiologic abnormalities of botulism. Commercially canned peppers in oil were implicated epidemiologically, and type B toxin was identified in leftover peppers. The processor voluntarily recalled the pepper product, and no further cases were reported.
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PMID:Type B botulism outbreak caused by a commercial food product. West Virginia and Pennsylvania, 1973. 57 68

Thirteen outbreaks of food-borne botulism occurred between 1970 and 1984. Fifty patients were affected, with 30 of them requiring hospitalization. The number of patients per outbreak ranged from one to ten (mean, 3.8). All outbreaks were caused by home-prepared foods: nine by smoked ham, one by bacon, one by sausage, and one by mussels; contaminated food was not found in one outbreak. Bacteriologic study was performed in 11 outbreaks and type B toxin, the only found, was detected in eight of them. Generalized muscular weakness, visual disturbances, extreme dry mouth, and severe constipation were observed in all inpatients. Palpebral ptosis, dysphonia, urinary retention, postural hypotension, and respiratory impairment were also reported, but not in all inpatients. Identical, but less severe, manifestations were registered in the 20 ambulatory patients. Electromyographic study showed decreased motor action potential and posttetanic facilitation. Pulmonary function, studied in four inpatients, was decreased in three. All patients recovered fully. Management consisted of supportive measures, symptomatic treatment, and nursing care. Equine antitoxin was not administered and assisted ventilation was unnecessary.
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PMID:Food-borne botulism. A review of 13 outbreaks. 334 59

We describe the case of a 59-year-old woman who had suffered from a typical Urbach-Wiethe disease since childhood and who complains of progressive mouth and ocular dryness since the age of 54 years. Xerostomia was severe with very poor salivation and was associated with a slight keratoconjunctivitis sicca. A specific lipoid proteinosis was evidenced in salivary glands (lower lip biopsy) with a PAS-positive hyalin-like deposit around vessels, capillaries and salivary gland canaliculi. An ultrastructural study showed the typical aspect of multilamination of the basal lamina of capillary vessels. Dysphonia and hoarseness are commonly found in Urbach-Wiethe disease, but, to our knowledge, a specific xerostomia has never been reported.
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PMID:Specific xerostomia during Urbach-Wiethe disease. 830 58

The aim of the study was to investigate the features of xerostomia in patients with advanced cancer. The protocol involved completion of the Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale, and measurement of the unstimulated whole salivary flow rate (UWSFR) and the stimulated whole salivary flow rate (SWSFR). One hundred twenty patients participated in the study. Xerostomia was the fourth most common symptom (78% of patients). It was associated with a poor performance status (P = 0.01). The usual cause of xerostomia was drug treatment. There was an association with the total number of drugs prescribed (P = 0.009): the median number of xerostomic drugs prescribed was 4. Xerostomia was ranked the third most distressing symptom. Its severity was correlated with the severity of oral discomfort, dysgeusia, dysmasesia, dysphagia, dysphonia, and anorexia. The UWSFR was a relatively sensitive, but nonspecific, investigation. In contrast, the SWSFR was a relatively specific, but insensitive, investigation.
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PMID:Xerostomia in patients with advanced cancer. 1157 98

Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disease of unknown etiology that has a wide variety of clinical manifestation. Lung involvement may slowly undergo pulmonary fibrosis. Chronic sarcoid arthritis is a rare, usually non destructive arthropathy; may be a mono, oligo or polyarthritis. Knees, ankles, shoulders, wrists and small joint of the hands and feet may be involved. It can involve skin, eyes, exocrine glands such as salivary and lacrimal glands, and many other tissues. We describe the case of a 77 years old woman with a history of rhinopharyngitis with epistaxis and chronic laryngitis since youth; a dry mouth and throat, a erythematous, infiltrative skin lesion in the forehead and in the nape of the neck, a purple lesion of the left ear and nose, skin dystrophy of the hands from 30 years before. She underwent an operation for a left femoral fracture with hemotransfusion 14 years ago. Then she developed a polyarthritis of the small joints of the hands (II, III and IV right DIP, I, III, e V left DIP; III and V bilateral PIP), knees, tarsi, toes and left elbow. An HCV chronic hepatitis was discovered 6 years before. She is affected by productive cough, dysphonia, dyspnoea at rest, fever, headache and asthenia for over 5 years. Laboratory examination revealed leukopenia, HCV hepatitis with anti HCV, HCV-RNA, transaminases elevated and cryoglobulinemia. HCV may be involved in the etiopathogenesis of rheumatic diseases, lung fibrosis and may moreover contribute to the onset or progression of sarcoidosis; the possible pathogenesis is discussed.
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PMID:[Chronic polyarthritis in a patient affected by sarcoidosis and chronic HCV infection. Case report and review of the literature]. 1210 83

There is relatively little data on salivary gland hypofunction (SGH) in patients with advanced cancer. The aim of the current study was to investigate the epidemiology, aetiology, and clinical features of SGH in this group of patients. The protocol involved completion of standard proforma, completion of a Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale, measurement of unstimulated whole salivary flow rate (UWSFR), and measurement of stimulated whole salivary flow rate (SWSFR). One hundred and twenty patients participated in the study. Ninety-eight (82%) patients had an abnormally low UWSFR, whilst 50 (42%) patients had an abnormally low SWSFR. One hundred and seventeen (97.5%) patients were receiving prescribed medications that are known to cause SGH. There was an association between UWSFR and xerostomia, oral discomfort, dysphonia and dysphagia. Similarly, there was an association between SWSFR and xerostomia, oral discomfort, and dysphagia. In conclusion, the results of this study indicate that SGH is a common problem in patients with advanced cancer. Moreover, it often results in significant morbidity.
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PMID:Salivary gland hypofunction in patients with advanced cancer. 1216 20

Botulism is a rare but severe disease. Whereas until 1980, only one case of botulism had been reported in our department, in 1999, a real botulism epidemic took place in Morocco. To our knowledge, it's the first outbreak of that kind in Morocco. We report here an epidemiologic and descriptive study of 11 patients suffering from botulism, admitted at the Infectious Diseases department and in the Medical Intensive Care Unit of Ibn Rochd University Hospital, from August, the 10th to October, the 1st, 1999. Clinical diagnosis of botulism was made, at the admission, on ocular signs (diplopia, ptosis), swallowing troubles and/or muscle weakness. There was no fever, no trouble of conscience and normal reflexes, at the early stage of the disease. The average age of patients was of 23.9 years +/- 12.07. Three patients were first admitted in the Medical Intensive Care Unit. The period before symptom appearance varied between 7 and 96 hours. Dysphagia sore throat, dry mouth and dysphonia were always found in all patients, with normal conscience. The fever was noted in 3 cases, polypnea in 3 cases leading to respiratory assistance in 2 cases. Neurologic findings were dominated by ptosis and hypotonia. The search of botulism toxin B in blood was positive in 6 cases. The electromyography showed clear signs of botulism. The evolution was favourable in 10 cases. Respiratory complications were found in 2 cases and infectious complications in 4 cases. One patient died. The period of hospitalization varied between 10 to 24 days with an average stay of 15.8 days. Eating "mortadella" has been noticed in 7 patients) and investigations permitted to identify the factory of "mortadella" as well as the toxin's type B responsible for these poisoning. It appears clearly that it is important to reinforce hygiene controls. Physicians and specialists in public health must be aware of the severity of this illness, knowing that the recovery is shortened when the treatment is administered on an early stage of the disease.
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PMID:[Botulism in Casablanca. (11 cases)]. 1259 77

Reduced flow (oligosialia) or the complete absence of saliva (xerostomia) decrease the quality of life. While patients suffering from xerostomia are painfully aware of their condition, oligosialia all too often remains unnoticed. The causes of reduced saliva flow are manyfold: somatic or psychosomatic disease, medication, medical therapy, dehydration, age, to name a few. The respective patients suffer from thirst, difficulties in speaking (dysphonia), chewing, tasting (dysgeusia), swallowing (dysphagia) and are at a very high risk for caries as well as for bacterial, viral or fungal infections of the oral mucosa. Early diagnosis and care of oligosialia is mandatory Oral prophylactic care for and dental therapy of xerostomic patients are challenging both for the patients and the dental professionals.
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PMID:[Dry mouth--oral care for patients with oligoliasia and xerostomia]. 1851 63

A 16-year old girl presented with rapid onset of muscular weakness and a history of severe dysphagia, dysphonia and significant wasting. On examination, she was dystrophic (BMI 15.7) and had signs of myopathy. Laboratory findings confirmed myopathy (CPK 106.4 microkat/L (6384 IU/L), AST 2.86 microkat/L (171.6 IU/L), myoglobin 1582 microg/L). There was profound hypokalaemia (S-K 1.8 mmol/L) suggesting hypokalaemic paralysis. Diagnosis of distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA) was based on combination of hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis, severe hypokalaemia, high urinary pH and positive value of urinary anion gap. There was evidence of other signs of renal tubular impairment (urinary beta-2-microglobulin 213 mg/L, glomerulotubular proteinuria 1.01g/24h). Autoimmune tests (rheumatoid factor, antinuclear antibodies, autoantibodies to Ro/SSA and La/SSB) together with symptoms of xerostomia with swallowing difficulties and atrophic glossitis suggested primary Sjogren's syndrome (SS) as the underlying cause of dRTA. The renal biopsy confirmed chronic tubulo-interstitial nephritis compatible with this diagnosis. Full recovery of muscle weakness and hypokalaemia and acidosis followed after potassium and alkali replacement therapy. Corticosteroids were administered with subsequent addition of cyclosporine A because of disease activity. In conclusion, primary SS is a rare diagnosis in childhood and adolescence and should be considered in patients presenting with hypokalaemic paralysis, as this might be due to dRTA, even in the absence of apparent sicca syndrome.
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PMID:Hypokalaemic Paralysis Revealing Sjogren's Syndrome in a 16-Year Old Girl. 1927 13

Patients with gastroesophageal reflux may have extra-esophageal manifestations. We report a 46 years old ex-smoker woman presenting with a sensation of burning mouth, xerostomia and glossitis. The patient had a history of heartburn, dysphonia and cough. Mouth examination showed a bad hygiene and abundant accumulation of plaque. Esophageal pH measurement was abnormal. Laryngoscopy showed a posterior laryngeal inflammation and mucous secretion. With these data, a diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux was reached.
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PMID:Oral stigmatic lesions of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). 2328 6


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