Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0043346 (xeroderma pigmentosum)
 2,924 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We have examined the incorporation of biotinyl-11-deoxyuridine triphosphate (BiodUTP) into excision repair patches of UV-irradiated confluent human fibroblasts. Cells were reversibly permeabilized to BiodUTP with lysolecithin, and biotin was detected in DNA on nylon filters using a streptavidin/alkaline phosphatase colorimetric assay. Following a UV dose of 12 J/m2, maximum incorporation of BioUTP occurred at a lysolecithin concentration (80-100 micrograms/mL) similar to that for incorporation of dTTP. Incorporation of BiodUTP into repair patches increased with UV dose up to 4 and 8 J/m2 in two normal human fibroblast strains, while no incorporation of BiodUTP was observed in xeroderma pigmentosum (group A) human fibroblasts. The repair-incorporated biotin was not removed from the DNA over a 48-h period, and only slowly disappeared after longer times (approximately 30% in 72 h), while little of the biotin remained in cells induced to divide. Furthermore, the stability of the biotin in repaired DNA was unaffected by a second dose of UV radiation several hours after the biotin-labeling period to induce a "second round" of excision repair. Exonuclease III digestion and gap-filling with DNA polymerase I indicate that the majority of biotin-labeled repair patches (approximately 80%) are rapidly ligated in confluent human cells. However, the remaining patches were not ligated after a 24-h chase period, in contrast to dTTP-labeled repair patches. The BiodUMP repair label in both chromatin and DNA is preferentially digested by staphylococcal nuclease, preventing the use of this enzyme for nucleosome mapping in these regions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Characterization of biotinylated repair regions in reversibly permeabilized human fibroblasts. 147 61

Inhibition of the gap-filling, polymerizing step of excision repair by 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine (ara-C) after irradiation with ultraviolet light in human diploid fibroblasts resulted in the formation of persistent DNA strand breaks in G1, G2, and plateau phase cells, but not in S phase cells. Addition of hydroxyurea to ara-C resulted in partial inhibition of repair in S phase cells. These observations can be explained either in terms of changing roles in repair for different DNA polymerases throughout the cell cycle or by the presence of a pool of deoxycytidine nucleotides during S phase equivalent to be an external source of deoxycytidine at 50 microM concentration. A similar concentration dependence on ara-C was observed for inhibition of repair in normal human, xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) variant, and Cockayne's syndrome cells but slightly more in XP variant cells. Exonuclease III and S1 nuclease independently both degraded about 50% of the 3H-thymidine incorporated into repaired regions in the presence of ara-C. Sequential digestion with both enzymes degraded nearly 90% of the repaired regions. These observations can be explained if excision repair proceeds by displacing the damaged strand so that both the 3H-labeled patch and the damaged region are still ligated to high molecular weight DNA and compete for the same complementary strand during in vitro incubation with the nucleases. The amount of 3H-thymidine incorporated in DNA by repair decreased with increasing concentrations of ara-C and hydroxyurea, suggesting that the incomplete patches became shorter under these conditions. Extrapolation of the digestion kinetics with exonuclease III permits an estimate of the normal patch size of about 100 nucleotides, consistent with previous estimates.
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PMID:Sensitivity of excision repair in normal human, xeroderma pigmentosum variant and Cockayne's syndrome fibroblasts to inhibition by cytosine arabinoside. 726 70