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Query: UMLS:C0043167 (pertussis)
 19,595 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Igm, IgA and IgG antibodies against Bordetella pertussis were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with an ultrasonicate of formalin-killed bacteria (a mixture of strains 1, 2 and 1, 2, 3) as antigen and disposable polystyrene 9-cuvette blocks as the solid phase. The specificity properties of the assay were assessed by an inhibition technique. Of the microbes tested, only B. parapertussis was able to cause a significant inhibition. In addition, IgM and IgA antibodies against B. pertussis were only found in some sporadic cases of respiratory infections caused by other microbes. Sera, nasal swabs and cough plates were received from 198 patients with suspected whooping-cough. ELISA determinations were mostly made from only one serum sample of each patient. Paired sera were studied only from the culture-positive infants under 3 months of age. The number of positive cultures was highest in group under 3 months of age (41%), where the frequency of positive ELISA was lowest (20%). The use of paired sera strikingly increased the number of ELISA-positive individuals in this youngest patient group. In later life, the relationship between these tests changed: isolation was positive in only about 10% of the patients, whereas 29-64% yielded positive titres in ELISA. This study shows that pertussis ELISA is a valuable aid in the rapid diagnosis of pertussis, particularly of the atypical forms of the disease which mostly are culture-negative.
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PMID:Serological diagnosis of pertussis: IgM, IgA and IgG antibodies against Bordetella pertussis measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). 628 49

Antibody responses in human sera against Bordetella pertussis during natural infection were investigated by a microplate enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with a purified fimbrial haemagglutinin preparation as antigen. Significant rises of specific IgG, IgM and IgA were demonstrated in paired sera. A secondary type of antibody response was found in most children and adults. In children, the type of response correlated with previous vaccination status; there was a primary response in unvaccinated children. A survey of antibodies in the general population showed low IgG titres in a small proportion of sera from the youngest healthy children. The titres and the number of individuals with measureable antibodies increased with age. In a limited study of the effect of vaccination, significant rises of titres were demonstrated after vaccination. The ELISA test was specific for antibodies against B. pertussis except that the test also seemed to measure antibody to B. parapertussis. A comparison between ELISA and the complement-fixation test showed a good correlation between the tests only in sera from children 1-12 years old.
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PMID:Detection of antibodies in human serum against the fimbrial haemagglutinin of Bordetella pertussis by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. 629 29

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and bacterial agglutination (BA) method for determining the presence of antibodies to Bordetella pertussis were compared on serum samples from 21 patients with whooping cough and their 76 family members. The overall diagnostic agreement between the two methods was 77%. The data for BA-detected antibodies correlated best with IgG and IgA antibodies to B. pertussis. All of the culture-positive patients showed serologic positivity in both assays during the follow-up. Pertussis was diagnosed by ELISA in most cases from the first serum sample. Both methods proved to be good diagnostic aids in culture-negative patients, although the value of BA is more retrospective because of the need for paired sera. The kinetics of IgM, IgA, IgG, and agglutinating antibodies to B. pertussis is presented.
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PMID:Serologic diagnosis of pertussis: comparison of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and bacterial agglutination. 629 15

Serum antibody responses to the filamentous hemagglutinin and the lymphocytosis-promoting toxin of Bordetella pertussis after vaccination with diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and pertussis vaccine, adsorbed, were assayed by using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The effect of early immunization, during the first week of life, on the antibody response also was determined. After vaccination, immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM directed against both the filamentous hemagglutinin and the lymphocytosis-promoting toxin were detected. Generally, antibody titers increased with subsequent injections and the age of the children. Maternal antibodies against filamentous hemagglutinin and lymphocytosis-promoting toxin were detected in cord blood. The ability of an infant to produce serum IgG anti-lymphocytosis-promoting toxin after vaccination with pertussis vaccine was inversely related to the cord blood serum IgG anti-lymphocytosis-promoting toxin titer at birth. A good antibody response was observed in infants with low cord blood titers, and a poor antibody response was seen in infants with high cord blood values. The IgM anti-lymphocytosis-promoting toxin response was good in groups with both low and high cord blood titer, with no significant difference observed between the two groups. No IgA anti-lymphocytosis-promoting toxin or IgA anti-filamentous hemagglutinin titers were observed in vaccines. IgA antibodies were observed in convalescent sera from two adults and may be presumptive evidence of infection with B. pertussis.
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PMID:Serological response to filamentous hemagglutinin and lymphocytosis-promoting toxin of Bordetella pertussis. 630 62

Human tonsillar lymphocytes were cultured in the presence of different activators and [14C]-isoleucine. De novo synthesized, [14C]-labeled immunoglobulin was determined after separation of the different classes by immunoadsorbants carrying class-specific anti-human IgA, IgG, IgM, IgD or IgE. Pokeweed mitogen and whole killed Bordetella pertussis enhanced the synthesis and secretion of IgA, IgG and IgM. Maximum stimulation was found with pokeweed mitogen in IgM secretion (up to 5-fold), while Bordetella pertussis had the largest impact on IgA and IgG (4-5 fold increase). The human milk cell factor (demonstrated by Pittard and Bill., Cell. Immunol. 1979, 42, 437.) in the supernatant of cultured milk cells stimulated selectively the synthesis of IgA (4-fold).
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PMID:Pokeweed mitogen, Bordetella pertussis and breast milk cell factor induce preferentially the synthesis of different immunoglobulin classes. 631 33

The levels of pertussis-specific IgA antibodies in sera from vaccinees and from children with Bordetella pertussis infection were compared by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Serum IgA antibodies were produced only after natural contact with the pathogen and, therefore, their presence can be used as an indicator of infection. However, in view of the relatively long interval between infection and the appearance of antibodies, and the prolonged antibody response, their presence cannot be used as proof of recent infection. The finding of these antibodies in a high percentage of the normal adult population may indicate a constant circulation of B. pertussis without symptoms of disease.
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PMID:Serum IgA antibody to Bordetella pertussis as an indicator of infection. 631 42

During a local outbreak of pertussis mainly involving school-children and adults, 71 patients with suspected whooping cough and 25 of their household contacts were studied in the course of 1 day so as to compare enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with bacterial isolation in the diagnosis of pertussis. Serum samples and two nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from all persons. Five different culture media were used. Twenty-eight cases were diagnosed within 2 days by measuring IgM- and IgA-class antibodies to Bordetella pertussis in the first serum samples of patients. Fifty cases were identified when paired serum samples were used. Cultures were positive in only nine patients. The results show that ELISA is a valuable aid in the diagnosis of pertussis in patients with negative cultures.
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PMID:Diagnosis of pertussis. 632 29

Evidence is produced to show that two specific subclasses of IgM antibodies are formed during the primary immune response to Type III pneumococcal polysaccharide (SIII) in mice. The IgM proteins can be divided into two groups based on different reactivities with protein-A. As with human IgM subclasses, it is proposed to call the two IgM subclasses IgM1 and IgM2, where the latter is defined by the ability to react with protein-A of Staphylococcus aureus. Only the IgM molecule which reacted with protein-A produced passive haemolysis in the presence of guinea-pig complement. Results also show that the IgA anti-SII activity in serum of SIII-immune mice on day 5 of the primary response is due to hybrid IgM/A(k) antibody which is undetected by conventional methods for enumerating antibody-forming cells because cells producing IgM/A antibody develop direct plaques with guinea-pig complement. A monoclonal IgM/A(k) anti-SIII produced from spleen cells 5 days after injection of 10 micrograms SIII plus pertussis vaccine exhibited similar properties to molecules with mu and a-determinants in serum. The IgM/A hybrid antibody reacted strongly with protein-A and produced passive haemolysis of SIII-coated erythrocytes in the presence of guinea-pig, but not mouse, complement. Despite its specificity for the capsular antigen of Type III pneumococci, the IgM/A hybrid antibody conferred only temporary immunity in mice challenged with viable pneumococci. The nature and properties of IgM/A antibodies as well as those of the subclasses of IgM may give important clues to the genetic regulation and expression of antibody production. These findings may provide an explantation for some of the anomalies in various areas of immunological research.
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PMID:Binding of murine IgM and monoclonal IgM/A (k) hybrid anti-type III pneumococcal polysaccharide (SIII) antibodies to staphylococcal protein A. 634 57

Blood and saliva were collected in the autumn and spring from a group of schoolchildren (39 girls, 35 boys) with a mean age of 11.4 years. Serum immunoglobulin IgG, IgA, IgM and IgE, alpha 1-antitrypsin (A 1-AT), alpha 2 macroglobulin (A 2M), transferrin (TRF), ceruloplasmin (CPL), lysozyme (LYS) and pertussis (PE) antibody levels were determined. Calcium (Ca2+) and total serum protein levels were also determined. Secretory IgA (sIgA) and secretory lysozyme (sLYS) levels were assessed in the saliva. A highly significant drop in Ca2+ levels was found in the spring in boys, while in girls there was only a greater scatter of the values. Mean IgG, IgA and IgM values fell significantly in the spring in both sexes, but IgE levels fell significantly only in boys. PE levels rose significantly in the spring in girls. Among the other proteins, all the values rose in boys, except for TRF, whose levels fell. In girls, LYS and TRF levels rose, but all the other values fell. The coefficients of correlation between Ca2+ and the tested proteins showed a significant relationship only for A 2M and PE in girls and only for the total protein level in boys; in boys, the determination coefficient for sIgA and IgM was over 10%. The results do not testify to the existence of a close relationship between blood Ca2+ levels and Ig and other blood protein levels.
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PMID:Seasonal changes in the relationship of blood calcium levels to immunoglobulins and some of the blood proteins in schoolchildren. 650 75

Continued treatment with monoclonal anti-IgD (Ig-5a) from birth in BALB/c mice causes a markedly increased responsiveness to i.v. injected dinitrophenylated ovalbumin (DNP-OVA) with Bordetella pertussis at the age of 8 weeks. The 19S plaque-forming cell (PFC)/spleen response is particularly enhanced, 6-8-fold, but all the other isotypes also show increases of 2-6-fold, including IgA and IgE. Both primary and secondary PFC responses and serum antibody titers are enhanced. After transfer of spleen cells from anti-Ig-treated mice to irradiated recipients the IgM/IgG ratio becomes similar to that of controls. In contrast, the response of anti-IgD-treated mice to i.p. immunization with either 0.2 or 100 micrograms DNP-OVA plus alum is reduced by approximately 80% for each Ig isotype except IgM and remains low upon transfer of spleen cells to recipients. It is concluded that the paucity of B cells in peripheral lymph nodes of the anti-IgD-treated mice causes the low responsiveness to i.p. immunization, but that the IgD- B cells in the spleen are quite able to respond and are, in fact, more responsive than IgD+ B cells. This increased responsiveness, together with the higher IgM/IgG ratios for all Ig isotypes and an otherwise similar order of isotype distribution (gamma 1 greater than gamma 2b greater than gamma 2a = epsilon greater than or equal to alpha) as in controls, suggests that a hyperresponsive, but less mature IgD- B cell population is selectively produced in the spleens of mice treated with anti-IgD from birth.
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PMID:Physiology of IgD. III. Effect of treatment with anti-IgD from birth on the magnitude and isotype distribution of the immune response in the spleen. 660 69


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