Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0043167 (pertussis)
 19,595 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Addition of N6-(L-2-phenylisopropyl)-adenosine (PIA) to cultured FRTL-5 rat thyroid cells led to a concentration-dependent inhibition of TSH-stimulated cAMP formation. Half-maximal inhibition was attained with approximately 0.5 nM PIA. Forskolin and cholera toxin-stimulated cAMP production were also inhibited by PIA. 3-Isobutyl-methylxanthine inhibited the effect of PIA. These results are consistent with the presence of inhibitory adenosine receptors (Ri). Ri-sites were further demonstrated by the binding of 3H-cyclohexyl-adenosine to FRTL-5 plasma membranes. High (Kd = 0.50 +/- 0.07 nM) and low affinity (Kd = 5.95 +/- 2.33 nM) binding sites were observed. Pretreatment of FRTL-5 cells with pertussis, but not cholera, toxin effectively antagonized the inhibitory effects of PIA on cAMP production. ADP-ribosylation of FRTL-5 membranes with [32P]-NAD in the presence of cholera or pertussis toxin specifically labeled a 45,000 and 41,000 Mr species, respectively, which correspond to the alpha subunit of the stimulatory and inhibitory guanine nucleotide regulatory proteins. These results demonstrate that PIA inhibits TSH-stimulated cAMP production via Ri-sites on FRTL-5 thyroid cells. PIA appears to exert its inhibitory effects through the inhibitory guanine nucleotide regulatory protein.
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PMID:Inhibition of thyrotropin-stimulated adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate formation in rat thyroid cells by an adenosine analog. Evidence that the inhibition is mediated by the putative inhibitory guanine nucleotide regulatory protein. 301 48

Rabbits immunized with ADP-ribose chemically conjugated to carrier proteins developed antibodies reactive against guanine nucleotide binding proteins (G proteins) that had been mono-ADP-ribosylated by bacterial toxins. Antibody reactivity on immunoblots was strictly dependent on incubation of substrate proteins with both toxin and NAD and was quantitatively related to the extent of ADP-ribosylation. Gi, Go, and transducin (ADP-ribosylated by pertussis toxin) and elongation factor II (EF-II) (ADP-ribosylated by pseudomonas exotoxin) all reacted with ADP-ribose antibodies. ADP-ribose antibodies detected the ADP-ribosylation of an approximately 40-kilodalton (kDa) membrane protein related to Gi in intact human neutrophils incubated with pertussis toxin and the ADP-ribosylation of an approximately 90-kDa cytosolic protein, presumably EF-II, in intact HUT-102 cells incubated with pseudomonas exotoxin. ADP-ribose antibodies represent a novel tool for the identification and study of G proteins and other substrates for bacterial toxin ADP-ribosylation.
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PMID:Immunochemical detection of guanine nucleotide binding proteins mono-ADP-ribosylated by bacterial toxins. 302 18

To identify guanine nucleotide binding proteins (G-proteins) in sea urchin eggs and to investigate their role in signal transduction at fertilization, we used cholera toxin (CTX) and pertussis toxin (PTX), which catalyze the specific ADP-ribosylation of G-proteins. Cell surface complex, consisting of plasma membranes and adhering cortical vesicles, was prepared from eggs of Lytechinus variegatus and incubated with 32P-labeled NAD in the presence of CTX or PTX. CTX catalyzed the ADP-ribosylation of a 47-kDa polypeptide, whereas PTX catalyzed the ADP-ribosylation of a 40-kDa polypeptide. Microinjection of approximately 30 micrograms/ml whole CTX or approximately 20 micrograms/ml CTX subunit A into intact eggs caused exocytosis of cortical vesicles. However, if the eggs were first injected with EGTA (0.6-1.4 mM), injection of CTX did not cause exocytosis. Eggs injected with 0.8-2.8 mM cAMP or 1.0-4.0 mM adenosine 3':5'-monophosphotioate cyclic Sp-isomer (cAMP-S), a hydrolysis-resistant analog of cAMP, did not undergo exocytosis. These results suggest that a CTX-sensitive G-protein is involved in regulating Ca2+ release and exocytosis of cortical vesicles in sea urchin eggs.
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PMID:A cholera toxin-sensitive G-protein stimulates exocytosis in sea urchin eggs. 303 Aug 60

The effect of pertussis toxin treatment was studied on the inhibitory effect of atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) on adenylate cyclase activity in rat aorta. The incubation of rat aorta washed particles with pertussis toxin and [alpha-32P]NAD resulted in the ADP-ribosylation of a single 40-kDa protein. In addition, pertussis toxin treatment enhanced guanosine 5'-O-(thiotriphosphate) and isoproterenol-stimulated adenylate cyclase activities and attenuated the ANF-mediated inhibition of basal, isoproterenol-, and forskolin-stimulated adenylate cyclase activities. These data suggest that ANF receptors are coupled to adenylate cyclase through inhibitory guanine nucleotide regulatory protein.
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PMID:Pertussis toxin attenuates atrial natriuretic factor-mediated inhibition of adenylate cyclase. Involvement of inhibitory guanine nucleotide regulatory protein. 303 Oct 34

Possible coupling of bovine adrenal medullary opioid receptors to islet-activating protein (IAP, pertussis toxin)-sensitive GTP-binding proteins was investigated by studying effects of guanyl-5'-yl imidodiphosphate (Gpp(NH)p) and IAP treatment of membranes on opioid binding. Gpp(NH)p inhibited [3H]D-Ala2-D-Leu5-enkephalin ([3H]DADLE) binding by increasing the dissociation constant of [3H]DADLE and membranes, and enhanced slightly [3H]diprenorphine binding. IAP treatment of membranes reduced [3H]DADLE binding and abolished almost completely the Gpp(NH)p inhibition of [3H]DADLE binding. Treatment of membranes with IAP and [32P]NAD resulted in radio-labeling of membrane proteins of approximately 39,000 dalton. DADLE inhibited adenylate cyclase activity in rat brain caudate nucleus. However, DADLE, beta-endorphin, levorphanol and dynorphin A(1-13) did not show any significant inhibitory action on bovine adrenal medullary adenylate cyclase activity. These results suggest that bovine adrenal medullary opioid (DADLE) receptors are linked to IAP-sensitive GTP-binding proteins which are not directly coupled to adenylate cyclase.
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PMID:Coupling of adrenal medullary opioid receptors to islet-activating protein-sensitive GTP-binding proteins. 303 14

Clonidine at 1.0 microM significantly decreased 20 mM K+-evoked release of L-[3H]noradrenaline (NA) from rat cerebral cortical slices preloaded with L-[3H]NA. Inhibitory effects of clonidine, however, were not observed in slices pretreated with 20 micrograms/ml pertussis toxin, an islet-activating protein, together with NAD and adenosine triphosphate. It is suggested that the inhibitory guanine nucleotide-binding protein (Ni) could be involved in alpha 2-adrenoceptor-mediated inhibition of NA release from nerve terminals in the central nervous system.
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PMID:Suppressing effect of pertussis toxin on clonidine-induced inhibition of noradrenaline release from cerebral cortical slices of rats. 303 64

Incubation of FRTL-5 rat thyroid cell membranes with [32P]NAD and pertussis toxin results in the specific ADP-ribosylation of a protein of about 40 kDa. This protein has the same molecular mass of the alpha i subunit of the adenylate cyclase regulatory protein Ni and is distinct from proteins ADP-ribosylated by cholera toxin in the same membranes. Prior treatment of FRTL-5 cells with pertussis toxin results in the ADP-ribosylation of Ni, as indicated by the loss of the toxin substrate in the ADP-ribosylation assay performed with membranes prepared from such cells. Preincubation of FRTL-5 cells with thyrotropin causes the same loss; cholera toxin has no such effect. Pertussis toxin, as do thyrotropin and cholera toxin, increases cAMP levels in FRTL-5 cells. Forskolin together with thyrotropin, cholera toxin or pertussis toxin causes a further increase in cAMP levels. Pertussis toxin and thyrotropin are not additive in their ability to increase adenylate cyclase activity, whereas both substances are additive with cholera toxin. A role of Ni in the thyrotropin regulation of the adenylate cyclase activity in thyroid cells is proposed.
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PMID:Thyrotropin effect on the availability of Ni regulatory protein in FRTL-5 rat thyroid cells to ADP-ribosylation by pertussis toxin. 303 42

The regulation of cAMP generation in rat myometrium during gestation was investigated comparatively to the stimulations evoked in the estrogen-dominated myometrium. At the onset of gestation, there was a progressive attenuation in both tissue cAMP accumulation and adenylate cyclase activation in response to isoproterenol and prostaglandins (PGs) (PGE2 and prostacyclin, PGI2), as well as to cholera toxin and to forskolin. Minimal responses were observed at midgestation (day 12). The decline in isoproterenol-mediated cAMP accumulation could not be ascribed to alterations in either beta-adrenergic receptor density or coupling properties. Treatment of day 12 myometrium with islet-activating protein (IAP), pertussis toxin, caused a reversal of the attenuated beta-adrenergic--as well as cholera toxin--responses, suggesting that the inhibitory regulatory protein, Gi, was involved. However IAP treatment did not improve the PGE2-mediated stimulatory effect. In membranes from day 12 myometrium, the amount of [32P]NAD incorporated by IAP into the Mr = 41,000 peptides (alpha i, subunit of Gi was markedly increased compared to membranes from day 0 tissue. There was also a consistent decrease (25%) of the label incorporated by cholera toxin into the Mr = 52,000 (major) and 45,000/53,000 (minor) peptides (alpha s, subunit of Gs). The advanced stages of gestation were associated with a progressive restoration of cAMP responses to isoproterenol, cholera toxin, and forskolin with a full responsiveness before parturition (day 22). By contrast, the inability of PGE2 to generate any active Gs (stimulatory regulatory protein)-C complex persisted and coincided with the development of PGE2-induced inhibition of cAMP generation due to isoproterenol. The inhibitory effect, which was similarly evoked by PGE2 as well as by PGI2 and PGF2 alpha, was prevented by IAP. The data suggest that alterations of the stimulatory Gs-mediated pathway, which culminated at midgestation, is due at least in part to an increase in the abundance of Gi relative to Gs. Additional alterations operate at the level of the prostaglandin receptor(s) with a conversion from a stimulatory (Gs-mediated) cAMP response in the estrogen-dominated myometrium to an inhibitory (Gi-mediated) effect, fully expressed in the final stage of gestation.
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PMID:Heterologous regulations of cAMP responses in pregnant rat myometrium. Evolution from a stimulatory to an inhibitory prostaglandin E2 and prostacyclin effect. 303 39

Functional interaction of the inhibitory GTP regulatory component (Ni) with the adenylate cyclase catalytic subunit has not previously been demonstrated after detergent solubilization. The present report describes a sodium cholate-solubilized preparation of rat cerebral cortical membrane adenylate cyclase that retains guanine nucleotide-mediated inhibition of activity. Methods of membrane preparation, cholate extraction, and assay conditions were manipulated such that guanosine-5'-(beta-gamma-imido)triphosphate [Gpp(NH)p] inhibited basal activity 40-60%. The rank order of potency among various GTP analogs was similar in cholate extracts and in membranes: guanosine-5'-0-(3-thiotriphosphate) greater than Gpp(NH)p greater than GTP. Inclusion of 0.1 mM EGTA reduced basal activity 70-90% and abolished Gpp(NH)p inhibition of basal activity in both membranes and cholate extracts. Forskolin-stimulated activity was also inhibited by Gpp(NH)p. Treatment of either membranes or cholate extracts with N-ethylmaleimide abolished Gpp(NH)p inhibition. Gel filtration of the cholate extract over a Sepharose 6B column in 0.1% Lubrol PX partially resolved the adenylate cyclase components. However, Gpp(NH)p inhibition of basal activity (60% of the control) was maintained in select column fractions. Sucrose gradient centrifugation totally resolved the catalytic subunit from both functional Ni and stimulatory GTP regulatory component (Ns) activities. The sedimentation of functional Ni activity was detected by assaying the ability of sucrose gradient fractions to confer Gpp(NH)p inhibition of the resolved catalytic activity. Labeling of gradient or column fractions with pertussis toxin and [32P]NAD revealed that both the 39,000- and 41,000-dalton substrates comigrated with the functional Ni activity.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Interaction of the inhibitory GTP regulatory component with soluble cerebral cortical adenylate cyclase. 308 47

The GTP binding regulatory protein (Ni involved in adenylate cyclase inhibition was purified from rat brain and reconstituted, together with muscarinic cholinergic receptors purified from porcine brain, into phospholipid vesicles. Guanosine 5'-O-(3-[35S]thio)-triphosphate ([35S]GTP gamma S) binding and GTP hydrolyzing activities of reconstituted Ni were stimulated by the addition of a muscarinic agonist, carbachol. The effect of carbachol was to increase the Vmax values of these activities, but the Km values were also increased slightly in most cases. Carbachol bound to vesicles with the same order of magnitude of Km as that for stimulation of GTPase. The affinity of this binding was reduced by GTP gamma S, indicating that the high-affinity receptor-Ni complex was formed in a GTP-dependent manner in reconstituted vesicles. Incubation of Ni with NAD and islet-activating protein (IAP), pertussis toxin, caused ADP-ribosylation of the alpha-subunit of Ni. The criteria for the receptor-Ni interaction, i.e. carbachol stimulation of the activities of Ni and the GTP gamma S effect on carbachol binding, were no longer observed, when this IAP-treated Ni, instead of the nontreated Ni, was reconstituted into vesicles, though there was no difference between IAP-treated and nontreated Ni in their basal activities observable without carbachol. No, the protein with a character very similar to Ni in rat brain, was also coupled to muscarinic receptors when they were reconstituted into vesicles under the same conditions. Thus, GTP-binding proteins serving as the substrate of IAP-catalyzed ADP-ribosylation are capable of interaction functionally with muscarinic receptors in phospholipid vesicles.
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PMID:Functional interaction of purified muscarinic receptors with purified inhibitory guanine nucleotide regulatory proteins reconstituted in phospholipid vesicles. 308 83


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