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Query: UMLS:C0043167 (pertussis)
 19,595 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The mechanism by which Bordetella pertussis organisms and their products induce lymphocytosis in mice was analyzed in terms of the localization of syngeneic Cr-51-labeled lymph node cells. Labeled lymphoid cells incubated in vitro with the supernatant of B. pertussis cultures and then injected intravenously into normal recipients, or labeled cells injected into pertussis-treated recipients were unable to "home" to lymphoid organs but persisted for long periods in the blood. In animals "equipped" with a population of Cr-51-labeled lymphoid cells, administration of B. pertussis organisms or culture supernatant effected a shift of radioactivity from lymph nodes and spleen into the peripheral blood, coincident with the lymphocytosis. In in vitro experiments it was found that the active principle could bind to both erythrocytes and lymphocytes and could spontaneously elute from these cells onto labeled lymphocytes which were then unable to home efficiently. The data suggest that Bordetella pertussis-induced lymphocytosis involves a reversible attachment of the pertussis factor onto the surfaces of lymphocytes which prevents their recirculation to lymphoid organs. Recirculating lymphocytes are presumably affected as they emerge from lymphoid organs to enter the blood.
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PMID:Distribution of labeled lymph node cells in mice during the lymphocytosis induced by Bordetella pertussis. 434 7

The activity of soluble lymphocytosis-promoting factor (LPF) from Bordetella pertussis decreased after brief in vitro incubation with lymphoid cells or erythrocytes. The LPF activity was found to be associated with the cells used, and injection of the cells produced a leukocytosis and lymphocytosis which completely accounted for the loss of soluble activity. Attachment of LPF to cells was found to be reversible in vitro. It is suggested that reversible binding occurs in vivo.
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PMID:Interaction of lymphoid and nonlymphoid cells with the lymphocytosis-promoting factor of Bordetella pertussis. 435 88

A hyperacute form of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) has been produced previously by administering pertussis vaccine to rats actively immunized with neural antigen or given passive transfer of lymphoid cells from donors with EAE. Now, a localized form of hyperacute EAE has been produced within 1 day of passive transfer. The speed with which pertussis acts tends to exclude antibody production as the mechanism for conversion of EAE to the hyperacute form. With this rapid system, it has been found that pertussis, or its histamine-sensitizing factor, inhibited the host mononuclear cell component of the pervascular lesions. When the immune injury was sufficiently severe (high doses of donor EAE cells), the decrease in the number of mononuclear cells was accompanied by an increase in the amount of fibrin and the number of neutrophils in the lesions. This inverse relationship may be explained by the loss of the protective effect of mononuclear cells on vessels, a concept for which there is increasing evidence.
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PMID:Hyperacute allergic encephalomyelitis. A localized form produced by passive transfer and pertussis vaccine. 458 27

Lewis (LEW) rats immunized 3 weeks before by injection of DNP-KLH together with Bordetella pertussis showed high levels of DNP antibody as judged by serum binding of 10(-7) M 3H-DNP-lysine 10 days after secondary immunization with DNP-KLH. Sera obtained from LEW rats following secondary immunization with DNP-BGG showed reduced DNP hapten binding. However, injection of 10(8) F1 hybrid Lewis X Brown Norway spleen cells into DNP-primed LEW rats 2 days before secondary immunization with DNP-BGG significantly increased the level of serum binding of 3H-DNP-lysine. These results provide evidence that the allogeneic cellular reaction associated with a host-versus-graft response induced by injection of F1 hybrid lymphoid cells into DNP-primed parental strain recipients partially obviates the requirement for carrier-specific T cells in the secondary anti-DNP response thereby providing a stimulus for triggering primed host B cells to produce antibody.
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PMID:Hapten antibody production and the relevance of allogeneic reactions to elimination of the carrier effect. 615 32

The potentiation of delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reactions by pertussigen, a protein toxin from Bordetella pertussis, has been studied in adoptive transfer assays. Lymph node or spleen cells from mice treated with or without pertussigen at the time of immunization with protein antigens were transferred to naive, syngeneic recipients that were challenged with antigen. Cells from donors treated with pertussigen had the capacity to transfer vigorous, antigen-specific DTH reactions. Cells from immunized donors not given pertussigen transferred little or no DTH. These results indicate that pertussigen is able to augment DTH reactions by potentiating the antigen reactivity of cell populations in lymphoid organs. The phenotype of the effector cells induced by pertussigen was Thy-1 positive, L3T4 positive, and Ly-2 negative. Cells from mice given pertussigen and an irrelevant antigen had no influence on specific DTH responses, suggesting that pertussigen enhances the activity of the antigen-specific cell type mediating DTH. The effect of pertussigen and of immunization on the lymphocyte subpopulations present in the lymph nodes was studied by analysis of suspensions of lymph node cells by flow cytometry. In immunized and in nonimmune mice, pertussigen increased the ratio of Ly-2-negative:Ly-2-positive T cells, and reduced the overall proportion of B cells. In immunized mice, pertussigen induced a much higher proportion of large dividing cells from 5 days after sensitization onwards. The relevance of these changes in lymphocyte behavior to the development of enhanced and prolonged DTH in mice given pertussigen is discussed.
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PMID:Studies on the mechanism of the enhancement of delayed-type hypersensitivity by pertussigen. 620 32

A single injection of Bordetella pertussis vaccine, applied intraperitoneally one day before intracerebral lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection depressed the immune response both in conventional and germfree adult mice, but the rate of the immunosuppressive effect differed. In adult mice with a normal immune system the vaccine only delayed the manifestation of fatal lymphocytic choriomeningitis, while it prevented its development in germfree mice with an underdeveloped lymphoid system, i.e. it inhibited the cellular immune response to the virus infection.
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PMID:The course of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection in germfree mice treated with Bordetella pertussis vaccine. 665 51

The effect of highly purified leukocytosis (lymphocytosis)-promoting factor (LPF) of Bordetella pertussis on physical lymphocyte and reticuloepithelial (RE) cell association was studied in an in vitro thymus model. First, a simplified in vitro system to assess the lympho-RE-cell association was developed. A completely confluent layer of thymic RE cells was formed by cultivating trypsinized thymus cell suspensions from 2- to 7-day-old mice. When thymic lymphoid cells were seeded on this cell layer and cultivated overnight, a significant proportion of them were found underneath the RE cell layer. This physical lympho-RE-cell association was quantitated by counting the lymphoid cells underneath the RE cell layers. Second, the effect of LPF on this physical lympho-RE-cell association phenomenon was investigated. Addition of LPF to the culture markedly inhibited the formation of the lympho-RE-cell complex; that is, it inhibited the infiltration of lymphoid cells under the RE cell layer. LPF rendered a nearly maximal level of inhibitory effect at a dose of 0.1 ng/ml. Furthermore, LPF enhanced the liberation of lymphoid cells from preformed lympho-RE-cell complexes. On the other hand, LPF had no direct cytotoxic effect on lymphoid cells at doses below 1 microgram/ml. In order to investigate whether LPF produced the effect by acting on lymphoid cells, RE cells, or both, the following experiments were performed. When lymphoid cells were pretreated with LPF and added to normal RE cell layers, the lympho-RE-cell association was maximally inhibited above the dose of 1 ng/ml. Treatment of these LPF-treated lymphoid cells with anti-LPF antibodies failed to abrogate the effect of LPF. When RE cell layers were similarly pretreated with LPF and were cultivated with normal lymphoid cells, however, much higher doses of LPF, above 100 ng/ml, were required for maximal inhibition. Furthermore, treatment of these LPF-treated RE cells with anti-LPF antibodies abrogated the effect of LPF. Therefore, the apparent effect of LPF on RE cells was considered to be due to the carry-over by RE cells of LPF, which should directly act on lymphoid cells at extremely low doses. On the basis of these results, it was concluded that LPF acted directly on lymphoid cells without mediation of RE cells. These in vitro results appear to parallel the effects of LPF in vivo, where it induces a depletion of cells in the thymus. The model may be useful to study this phenomenon and the concomitant accumulation of blood lymphocytes.
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PMID:Effect of Bordetella pertussis leukocytosis (lymphocytosis)-promoting factor (LPF) on the physical lymphoepithelial-cell association studied with the use of an in vitro model of mouse thymus. 668 75

Experiments on CBA mice were performed to explore the changes in the body immunoreactivity induced by low intensity ultrasound. A study was made of the content of lysozyme, properdine, T and B rosette-forming lymphocytes, and complement in the peripheral blood, the histophysiological properties of the lymphoid organs, and the titer of pertussis antibodies. It has been disclosed that ultrasound has a stimulant effect, primarily on the T system immunity, which was confirmed during immunization with B. pertussis vaccine. The stimulant effect has been also supported by histostructural analysis of the lymphoid organs.
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PMID:[Effect of ultrasound on cellular and humoral immunity factors]. 685 94

Hapten (DNP)-specific B-memory cells were induced by priming mice with soluble or alum precipitated DNP-haemocyanin (KLH) plus Bordetella pertussis or CNP-KLH-anti-DNP antibody complexes at equivalence. Cells from mice given complexes gave a substantial adoptive IgG response five days after priming, whereas those from mice given antigen with conventional adjuvant did not give a comparable response until day 14. Soluble antigen induced poor memory, even 14 days after primary immunization. The emergence of transferable B-memory cells correlated closely with the appearance of germinal centres in lymphoid follicles of the spleen. Furthermore, the relative affinity of the adoptive secondary IgG response induced by priming with complexes was already maximal on day 6. In contrast, the response of memory cells from mice given antigen on alum, increased in affinity between 6 and 23 days after priming. These data support the concept (see Klaus, Humphrey, Kunkl & Dongworth, 1980) that trapping of antigen-antibody complexes in lymphoid follicles induces the formation of germinal centres, which in turn give rise to functional B-memory cells. They further suggest that such retained complexes play a role in selective triggering of high-affinity precursor cells.
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PMID:The generation of memory cells. IV. Immunization with antigen-antibody complexes accelerates the development of B-memory cells, the formation of germinal centres and the maturation of antibody affinity in the secondary response. 701 54

A case of an 11-month-old black male with pertussis syndrome is described. He manifested a lymphocytic leukemoid reaction characterized by marked lymphocytosis and the presence of lymphoblasts in his circulation. A bone marrow examination did not reveal any evidence of acute leukemia. Electron microscopic examination of peripheral blood lymphoid cells revealed the presence of lymphoblasts and immature plasma cells, as well as unusual intramitochondrial and intranuclear bodies. The significance of these structures is discussed.
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PMID:Ultrastructure of lymphocytes in a case of pertussis syndrome. 709 83


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