Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0043167 (pertussis)
 19,595 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Shigella flexneri, a Gram negative bacillus, causes bacillary dysentery, an ulcerative disease of the human colon, by invading intestinal epithelial cells. Entry into epithelial cells occurs via an induced phagocytic process which involves the actino-myosin complex. The host-cell receptor and the transmembrane signal which initiate reorganization of the cytoskeleton are under study. Binding to integrins has recently been demonstrated in related models such as the entry of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis and Bordetella pertussis into cells. Bacterial genes necessary to achieve entry are located on five contiguous loci covering 30 kb on a 220 kb virulence plasmid in S. flexneri. Locus 2 has been particularly studied. Six genes organized as an operon encode highly immunogenic proteins among which IpaB (62 kD) and IpaC (48 kD) are the invasins of this microorganism which subsequently grows very rapidly within infected cells due to its capacity to lyse the membrane bound phagocytic vacuole. Once free within the cytoplasm, bacteria interact again with the cell cytoskeleton. They first express Olm (organelle like movement), a phenotype reflecting intracellular movement along actin stress cables. They subsequently express lcs (intracellular spread), a phenotype by which intracellular bacteria induce nucleation and polymerization of actin followed by accumulation of this material at one end of the bacillus. This process causes rapid random movement leading to the formation of protrusions which allow passage to adjacent cells. A combination of these two movements achieves bacterial colonization of the epithelium.
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PMID:[Molecular and cellular bases of the virulence of Shigella flexneri]. 155 36

Shigella flexneri, a Gram negative bacillus, causes bacillary dysentery, an ulcerative disease of the human colon, by invading intestinal epithelial cells. Entry into epithelial cells occurs via an induced phagocytic process which involves the actino-myosin complex. The host-cell receptor and the transmembrane signal which initiate reorganization of the cytoskeleton are under study. Binding to integrins has recently been demonstrated in related models such as the entry of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis and Bordetella pertussis into cells. Bacterial genes necessary to achieve entry are located on five contiguous loci covering 30 kb on a 220 kb virulence plasmid in S. flexneri. Locus 2 has been particularly studied. Six genes organized as an operon encode highly immunogenic proteins among which IpaB (62 kD) and IpaC (48 kD) are the invasins of this microorganism which subsequently grows very rapidly within infected cells due to its capacity to lyse the membrane bound phagocytic vacuole. Once free within the cytoplasm, bacteria interact again with the cell cytoskeleton. They first express Olm (organelle like movement), a phenotype reflecting intracellular movement along actin stress cables. They subsequently express Ics (intracellular spread), a phenotype by which intracellular bacteria induce nucleation and polymerization of actin followed by accumulation of this material at one end of the bacillus. This process causes rapid random movement leading to the formation of protusions which allow passage to adjacent cells. A combination of these two movements achieves bacterial colonization of the epithelium.
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PMID:[Molecular and cellular bases of Shigella flexneri virulence]. 174 20

Cefpodoxime proxetil (CPDX-PR, CS-807) is a new oral cephem derivative drug in which carboxylic acid was esterified to the 4-position of CPDX (oxime type cephem antibiotic). CPDX-PR is hydrolyzed mainly with esterase in intestinal wall and CPDX exists as an active form in body fluid. While there are numerous study reports using CPDX-PR in tablet forms in Japan, the dry syrup formula for pediatric use was newly developed. The dry syrup of CPDX-PR was orally administered 20 minutes after meal to the 6 boys of ages from 8 years and 1 month to 10 years and 10 months, with doses of 3 and 6 mg/kg, respectively, for 3 cases each. Serum concentrations and urinary concentrations and recovery rate of the drug were investigated. In addition to the above, the clinical and bacteriological studies were performed in a total of 105 cases consisting of children with ages ranging from 2 months to 11 years and 8 months, upon administering an average dose of 3.4 mg/kg, 3 to 4 times per day (96 cases of 3 times and 9 cases of 4 times). The 105 cases included 13 cases of pharyngitis, 21 cases of tonsillitis, 4 cases of acute bronchitis, 6 cases of pneumonia, 1 case of pleurisy, 13 cases of scarlet fever, 41 cases of urinary tract infection, 3 cases of posthitis and 3 cases of bacillary dysentery. Drug sensitivity test was performed for the following strains: (i) Strains retained by our department; 52 strains of Streptococcus pyogenes, 18 strains of Streptococcus agalactiae, and 11 strains of Bordetella pertussis, and (ii) strains isolated from cases to which CPDX-PR was administered; 2 strains of Staphylococcus aureus, 8 strains of S. pyogenes, 2 strains of Haemophilus influenzae, 10 strains of Escherichia coli, and 1 strain of Proteus mirabilis. Drug sensitivities of the strains retained by our department were tested with the inoculum sizes of 10(8) and 10(6) cfu/ml for R-3746 (Na-salt of CPDX), cefaclor (CCL), cephalexin (CEX), amoxicillin (AMPC), and methicillin (DMPPC), and those against strains separated from the cases to which CPDX-PR was administered were tested with the same inoculum sizes for R-3746, CCL, CEX, cefadroxil, ampicillin (ABPC), DMPPC and cloxacillin (MCIPC). Adverse reactions and abnormal clinical laboratory test results were also examined.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:[Pharmacokinetic and clinical studies on cefpodoxime proxetil dry syrup in the field of pediatrics]. 268 64