Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0043167 (pertussis)
 19,595 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We have isolated from Bordetella pertussis an oligopeptide with characteristic amino acid composition. This peptide was applied to mice in standardized tests for pertussis immunization. In three tests with three independent isolates of peptide, a significant and dose dependent protection was observed. One microgram of peptide per mouse produces the same protective effect as 0.1 IU of pertussis vaccine. It is important to note that similar peptides can be isolated from other bacteria and other DNA containing cellular organisms which have specific amino acid compositions and which are antigens specific for the organism from which they were isolated. The antigens are very potent, e.g., one ng of Mycobacterium tuberculosis peptide is equivalent to one unit of tuberculin. It is conceivable that immunizing effects such as those observed for pertussis are common to the peptides of this group. Since all such peptides are isolated from a group of low molecular weight ribonucleoproteins, as first reported by WILHELM, we propose the term nucleopeptides for this group. Oligopeptides of the nucleopeptide group are now available for sequence analysis. We expect that synthetic peptides of this group will become available in time for diagnosis, prophylaxis and therapy of a number of diseases.
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PMID:[Protection against infection with Bordetella pertussis by an oligopeptide from Bordetella pertussis (author's transl)]. 7 6

Isomaltohexaose flavazole coupled to chicken gamma-globulin (IM6-CGG) induced T cell-dependent anti-alpha(1 leads to 6) dextran-specific IgM and IgG responses in CBA, BALB/c and A strain mice. The IgG responses were of restricted heterogeneity as judged by isoelectric focusing, and belonged mostly to the IgG1 subclass with a minor IgG3 component in the case of BALB/c and CBA mice. All four subclasses of IgG were produced in A strain mice. In contrast, native dextran B 512 induces exclusively T cell-independent IgM responses of the same specificity for all 3 strains. All BALB/c mice immunized with different doses of IM6-CGG either in Freund's adjuvant or with Al(OH)3 plus Bordetella pertussis showed the same spectrotypes by isoelectric focusing. Sera obtained at different times after immunization of BALB/c mice failed to show spectrotype variations. Late, but not early, bleedings from CBA mice showed a tendency towards more uniform isoelectric focusing patterns.
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PMID:Characteristics of the T-dependent alpha(1 leads to 6) glucosyl (dextran) antibody response induced in mice with isomaltohexaose coupled to chicken gamma-globulin. 9 49

The humoral immune response to tetanus toxoid is evaluated by passive haemagglutination test in mice receiving low diet immediately after weaning during 15 and 30 days. The results show that the more deficient mice give the best antitoxin titers but after the challenge the antibody immune response become proportional to the protein restriction. In other respects and antitoxin titers are higher in 30 days restricted mice than in 15 days deficient ones. The effect of Bordetella pertussis adjuvant on the immune response of protein deficient mice seems nul. These results are discussed.
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PMID:[Immune response to tetanus toxoid in mice receiving protein deficient diet immediately after weaning]. 12 6

When mice were injected intracerebrally with doses of Bordetella pertussis vaccine greater than 5 ImD 50 and challenged intracerebrally 14 days later with virulent B. pertussis there was an immediate reduction in the numbers of organisms. An analysis of this in vivo bactericidal effect has shown that large doses of an unrelated vaccine, Salmonella typhosa, equivalent in cell mass to about 50 ImD 50 of B. pertussis vaccine can achieve this effect, so for such doses the effect must be partly non-specific. This action is not maintained and so is not ultimately protective. Local immunoglobulin was also demonstrable 14 days after 300 ImD 50 of B. pertussis vaccine but following smaller doses of 10-20 ImD 50 it could not be found until after the mice had been infected and the blood-brain barrier impaired. A similar immediate reduction in the numbers of infecting organisms inoculated 1 day after vaccination has been shown to follow very small, non-protective doses of vaccines unrelated to B. pertussis and to be achieved with lipopolysaccharide and endotoxin isolated from B. pertussis. Brains were not sterilized and only in mice receiving protective B. pertussis vaccine was the lowering of infection maintained beyond 2 days and the brains eventually sterilized. The antibody passively protecting mice against intracerebral infection was found in the 19S and 11 S globulin fractions of the serum of once-vaccinated mice and in the 11 S and 7 S fractions of the serum of rabbits and ascitic fluid of mice receiving repeated doses of vaccine. The IgM probably eliminated infections by immediate sterilization but had to be present locally to do so since it was unable to pass from the circulation into the brain, and was therefore inactive when injected intraperitoneally. The IgA and IgG were not so restricted and both the 11 S and 7 S globulins were capable of exerting an immediate suppressive effect on infecting organisms. The 7 S globulin was also capable of a maintained or delayed suppressive effect. Lymphocytes from fully protected once-vaccinated mice, transferred 2-3 weeks after intraperitoneal vaccination, were able to confer some protection when injected intraperitoneally or intracerebrally into recipient mice infected 2 weeks after transfer. Homologous, non-concentrated antiserum from once-vaccinated mice, injected intraperitoneally 1 hr. before infection sometimes augmented the transferred immunity, whereas alone it was inactive.
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PMID:The effects of humoral, cellular and non-specific immunity on intracerebral Bordetella pertussis infections in mice. 16 75

According to the statistical analysis of the potency values of acid precipitated polyvalent bulk suspensions of Bordetella pertussis, the potency of suspensions decreased below 8 IU/30 IOU during storage for 5 to 9.8 years. The average annual decrease over a 13-year period was 2.03 IU/30 IOU. The periodicity in the decrease of potency values was assumed to be connected with changes in the quality of the casein hydrolysate ingredient of the medium. Periodic functions employed to approach potency values with limits of 1 SD falling within the range of 64--156% indicated that the potency decreased below 8 IU/30 IOU after 9 years.
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PMID:Factors influencing the stability of acid-precipitated polyvalent Bordetella pertussis bulk suspensions. 16 59

Cell-envelope polypeptides of eight phase-I and five phase-IV strains of Bordetella pertussis were compared by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. All phase-I strains gave a strikingly similar but complex pattern of protein bands, which did not appear to vary with known differences in heat-labile agglutinogens. Phase-IV strains gave the same pattern as phase-I strains, except that one band was missing and another was either much reduced or absent. Envelopes from phase-I strains grown in Hornibrook medium rich in Mg-2+ ions to produce "antigenically-modulated" C-mode cells gave a pattern of bands indistinguishable from phase-IV strains. A phase-IV strain grown in the high-Mg-2+ medium gave the same pattern of bands as when grown in unmodified Hornibrook medium. We suggest that the two polypeptide bands that show changes may be responsible for one or more of the immunological or physiopathological activities that are lost during phase variation and antigenic modulation in B. pertussis.
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PMID:Cell-envelope proteins of Bordetella pertussis. 16 97

The extent of suppression of antibody response by bursectomy (Bx) was examined as a measure of the seeding sequence of different clones from the bursa to peripheral lymphoid tissues. Chickens were bursectomized surgically 1, 4 or 7 days after hatching and immunized later with four antigens: sheep red blood cells (SRBC); Bordetella pertussis (Bp); human serum albumin (HSA); influenza virus (IV). The kinetics of the antibody responses were delayed in bursectomized birds when compared with the control groups. The following order in the degree of immunosuppression was established: Bp greater than HSA greater than SRBC greater than IV. This is discussed in relation to the 'sequential maturation' theory of ontogenesis of immunocyte differentiation. The data also stress the limitation of non-specific markers for assessing partial immunodeficiency states.
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PMID:Immunodeficiency in the chicken. I. Disparity in suppression of antibody responses to various antigens following surgical bursectomy. 16 36

Vasxular permeability to Evans blue dye and 131-I-labeled human serum albumin was studied in normal mice and in mice treated with alkaline saline extracts (SE) from Bordetella pertussis cells. Skin sites inoculated intracutaneously with small doses of histamine, serotonin, or a combination of these 2 substances were more permeable in SE-treated mice than in normal animals. Intravenously administered catecholamines were able to reduce in varying degrees the vascular permeability induced by serotonin or by histamine in normal mice; in SE-treated mice the catecholamines were less effective. The relative effectiveness of intravenously administered catecholamines to reduce vascular permeability in normal or SE-treated mice was ranked as follows: isoproterenol greater than epinephrine greater than norepinephrine. When catecholamines were given concomitantly with histamine and serotonin in the skin test site, the permeability in both normal and SE-treated mice was again reduced or blocked, but isoproterenol was only weakly effective in this instance. Their relative effectiveness was epinephrine greater than norepinephrine greater than isoproterenol. The possible explanations for these results are discussed.
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PMID:Effect of Bordetella pertussis extract and vasoactive amines on vascular permeability. 16 2

The antitumor activity of three preparations of killed Bordetella pertussis (Bp) (Eli Lilly crude and fluid pertussis vaccines and Parke-Davis pertussis vaccine) was studied in the B16 melanoma and CaD2 mammary adenocarcinoma models. In these tumor systems; Bp had weak and variable tumor inhibitory activity and did not augment tumor rejection immunity. The intratumor injection of Bp did not affect the growth of the B16 tumor but significantly inhibited the growth of the CaD2 tumor. However, the established tumor did not regress. Admixture of Bp with B16 cells before inoculation inhibited tumor growth and prolonged survival of inoculated mice. Admixture of Bp with CaD2 cells completely suppressed tumor cell growth in 60% of inoculated mice. Intratumor injection of CaD2 with Bp combined with surgery provided no protection against subsequent development of metastases.
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PMID:Evaluation of antitumor activity of Bordetella pertussis in two murine tumor models. 16 59

As compared to specifically pathogen-free NMRI mice, in principle, the immunological reactivity of germfree mice of the same strain and age was not found to be reduced. This is documented by the cellular kinetics of the primary immune responses, evoked by the intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of either a "saturated" dose of 4 times 10(8) sheep erythrocytes (SE) or the simultaneous injection of 4 times 10(8) SE and 3 times 10(9) killed Bordetella pertussis organisms (PO). Thereby, adjuvancy of PO was not found to be reduced in germfree mice. The only difference consisted in the demonstration of significantly reduced numbers of both direct and indirect plaque-forming spleen cells (PFC) on the 4th day after primary antigenic stimulation. This is suggested to be due to a lack of sufficient training of the immunological apparatus of germfree mice. Both in germfree and conventional mice significant splenomegaly, blood leukocytosis as well as increase in the numbers of pre-existing "background" PFC became detectable following a single i.p. injection of 3 times 10(9) PO without SE. Similarly, the injection of endotoxin from Serratia marcescens produced a moderate increase in the numbers of "background" PFC. From the data presented it is suggested that strict gnotobiotic conditions do not cause noteworthy deficiency in immunological competence.
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PMID:Influence of Bordetella pertussis and bacterial endotoxins on the immunological reactivity of germfree mice. 16 52


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