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Query: UMLS:C0043167 (pertussis)
 19,595 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A study was conducted to evaluate the immunization status of migrant farm worker children in South Carolina. Results of this study indicate that the children receive their immunizations at times which are significantly later than the recommended schedule. The first, second, third, and fourth oral poliomyelitis vaccine (OPV) doses are being given approximately 10, 15, 23, and 32 months late, respectively. Diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus vaccine (DPT) is likewise late with the first, second, third, and fourth doses occurring 9, 14, 20, and 26 months late. The fifth booster dose in both series was timed properly. The mumps, measles, rubella vaccine (MMR) is approximately 28 months late, on average. An evaluation of antibody status of 41 migrant farm worker children (5-10 years old) revealed that, even with aberrant patterns of administration, all children had adequate antibody titers. These data indicate that, although adequate levels of protection are reached with the pattern of immunization that migrant farm worker children have, there are large groups of children that are unprotected early in life when they are most susceptible to these diseases.
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PMID:The delayed immunization of children of migrant farm workers in South Carolina. 211 93

The resurgence of measles has highlighted concerns about U.S. programs for immunization in infants and children. In order to put the problems into perspective, this review will address such issues as the safety of pertussis vaccines; oral vs inactivated poliovirus vaccine; vaccines for measles-mumps-rubella, Hemophilus influenzae type B, and hepatitis B; and varicella vaccine.
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PMID:Immunization practices in children. 211 22

An audit of Leeds health professionals' knowledge of valid contraindications to measles/mumps/rubella (MMR) vaccine was undertaken by postal questionnaire, three months after its introduction. The health professional groups were health visitors, clinical medical officers, general practice trainers and general practice vocational trainees. The results indicate that some health professionals would give MMR vaccine to children when it was contraindicated (e.g. to a child receiving chemotherapy or radiotherapy). However, a much greater problem was the number of health professionals stating that they would not vaccinate children with MMR vaccine in clinical situations where there were no valid contraindications to its use. Some health professionals were also applying contraindications to the use of pertussis vaccine to the use of MMR vaccine. The information contained in the Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation handbook Immunisation against infectious disease on contraindications to MMR vaccine use is also reviewed. It is important that false contraindications are not used by health professionals to wrongly deny children the protection provided by MMR vaccine.
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PMID:Measles/mumps/rubella vaccine (MMR): an audit of Leeds health professionals' knowledge of contraindications and intention to vaccinate assessed by postal questionnaire. 222 97

The french calendar of vaccinations is devised by the General Directorate of Health (Technical Committee of Vaccinations, High Council of Hygiene) and is regularly updated. The 1990 calendar has recently been published. Primary combined immunization against diphtheria, tetanus, poliomyelitis and pertussis has been brought forward from 3 to 2 months for better prevention of pertussis in young infants. BCG remains mandatory and can be administered in the first days of life without any risk of failure. Immunization against measles, mumps and rubella is performed between the ages of 12 and 15 months and has recently been the object of a national promotional program. The timetable must be respected to reach the national and international objectives which are to maintain a high degree of vaccinal cover in order to eradicate viral diseases with human reservoir, i.e. poliomyelitis, rubella, measles and mumps. In the near future, the calendar will be improved by the advent of a vaccine against Haemophilus B and, perhaps, an acellular pertussis vaccine. As it is possible to leave long intervals between the various vaccinations and vaccinal associations, this calendar can easily be applied to infants and catching up is facilitated.
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PMID:[Vaccination schedule, present and future]. 228 Dec 64

116 immunizations were given to 61 children with febrile convulsion or epilepsy who had not had a seizure for 1 year since the last attack. In 92 of the 116 immunizations the electroencephalogram (EEG) was examined before and after immunization. No adverse effects on the EEG were observed in 19 immunizations with Japanese encephalitis, measles, mumps or rubella vaccines. Epileptic spikes reappeared after 10 immunizations and epileptic spikes increased after 10 immunizations among 73 given for diphtheria, acellular pertussis and tetanus (DPT), diphtheria and tetanus (DT), or Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG). A convulsion was observed once in one child 7 days after immunization with BCG. A follow-up EEG examination is necessary after children with convulsive disorders are immunized.
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PMID:Adverse effects on EEG and clinical condition after immunizing children with convulsive disorders. 228 15

Isolated ("punctual") spot checks in individual cities or regions of Federal Lands cannot result in a convincing pattern of the degree of vaccination achieved. In January 1988 the Land of Slesvig-Holstein started the statistical recording of complete protection by vaccination in accordance with age (preventive health care for children and adolescents by protective vaccination). The Medical Services for Juveniles carry out this work which also includes counselling, for four age groups (5 to 14 years). Statistics are compiled on the basis of documents proving the vaccination. Achievement of complete protection is recorded, including regular and delayed results for measles, mumps, BCG, pertussis and rubella. Such long-term statistics on results can be obtained only if all the work teams of youth doctors cooperate and if they are properly motivated to determine the state of health of the population.
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PMID:[Vaccination status of children and adolescents in Schleswig-Holstein. Principles and initial experiences of an assessment throughout the district]. 252 96

Guillain-Barre syndrome is known as one of the autoimmune disease, but the etiology, pathophysiology relating immune reaction, as well as the treatment are not established. It still causes physical handicap although its rate is low. The causes, clinical symptoms and outcome of 132 cases of Guillain-Barre syndrome have been analyzed. The patients' ages ranged from 4 months to 15 years. The antecedent events for 56.1% of the patients were known. These were upper respiratory tract infection, unexplained fever, vomiting, diarrhea, vaccination, measles, german measles, shigellosis, mumps, hepatitis, pertussis and surgery in order of frequency. The CSF protein level reached a maximum at 12.3 +/- 9.5 days. Steroids did not influence the outcome of this disease. More studies are necessary to conquer the disease.
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PMID:Guillain-Barre syndrome in Korean children. 274 76

The possibility that circulating immune complexes (IC) could modify lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity or release was explored in in vitro systems. IC were precipitated at antibody-Ag equivalence by using specific rabbit antisera and Ag from inactivated rubella virus and hemagglutinins from purified whole virions from three prototype strains of influenza (A/Brazil, A/Bangkok, and B/Singapore) as well as from a combined diphtheria and tetanus toxoid adsorbed with inactivated pertussis. After resolubilization, these IC were exposed to delipidated homogenates of rat epididymal fat pads before assay for LPL activity. LPL activity was stimulated two- to three-fold by the presence of 20 to 40 micrograms IC protein. This effect is not caused by the individual components of the IC because neither the specific Ag nor the individual antisera had any significant effect on LPL activity. With the rubella IC, a greater stimulatory effect was seen with increase in IC protein. With the influenza and diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus (DPT) IC, however, inhibition occurred when IC protein exceeded the amount of protein used for the LPL assay. C did not appear to be involved because IC prepared with heated antisera had similar effects. When intact rat epididymal fat pads were exposed to the rubella, influenza, or DPT IC, LPL activity recovered in the suspension medium was increased in each instance compared with pads exposed to a comparable amount of albumin. These findings may have implications for specific lipid changes that may occur during the immediate post-infectious period following rubella, influenza, or infections with the several bacteria whose Ag were present in the DPT IC used in these studies.
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PMID:Effects of in vitro prepared immune complexes on rat adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase. 278 30

A survey of Washington state pediatricians and allied health professionals showed that two thirds provide written information to parents on diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis; measles-mumps-rubella; and oral polio vaccines. Twenty-two percent of pediatricians provide written information on inactivated polio vaccine. Sixty-two percent of pediatricians who give immunizations require a parent's signature as evidence of having provided information or obtained consent.
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PMID:Pediatricians' immunization consent practices in Washington state. 288 65

Infectious diseases are a primary cause of hearing impairment and produce about 25% of profound losses. Of these, one fifth are congenital. The major infections include rubella, cytomegalovirus, measles, pertussis, meningitis, and acute otitis media. Hearing loss from ototoxicity is also observed with a number of drugs, notably the aminoglycosides, loop diuretics, and cisplatin. Preventive measures are defined according to primary, secondary, and tertiary principles. Three principles of prevention are considered: direct action, defined objectives, and the variability of effective prevention according to cause.
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PMID:Prevention of hearing impairment from infection and ototoxic drugs. 298 88


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