Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0043167 (pertussis)
 19,595 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Experimental autoimmune oophoritis (EAOO) induced in female Lewis rats by a single injection of isologous ovary in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) and concentrated pertussis vaccine resulted in a multifocal accumulation of mononuclear cells in ovaries and complete loss of fertility after 17-28 days. The time course of appearance of anti-ovary antibodies and their serum titers showed a good correlation with the reduction of litter size. Furthermore, the infertility also could be induced by passive immunization of rats with adsorbed anti-ovary serum. The contraceptive effect of the antibody does not result in permanent sterility. Besides lymphoid cell infiltrations, the most prominent histological alterations in ovaries of experimental rats were characterized by a significant increase in the number of atretic preantral and antral follicles and a decrease in the number of growing follicles of all sizes and corpora lutea. It is presumed that both the direct effect of anti-ovary antibodies and disturbance in ovarian morphology can lead to a reduction of litter size and appearance of infertile cycles in rats with oophoritis.
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PMID:Experimental autoimmune oophoritis. I. Inhibition of fertility in rats isoimmunized with homogenates of ovary. 281 19

Although the hormone relaxin was discovered 80 years ago, only in the past 5 years have the receptors for relaxin and three other receptors that respond to related peptides been identified with all four receptors being G-protein-coupled receptors. In this review it is suggested that the receptors for relaxin (LGR7) and those for the related peptides insulin-like peptide 3 (LGR8), relaxin-3 (GPCR135), and insulin-like peptide 5 (LGPCR142) be named the relaxin family peptide receptors 1 through 4 (RXFP1-4). RXFP1 and RXFP2 are leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptors with complex binding characteristics involving both the large ectodomain and the transmembrane loops. RXFP1 activates adenylate cyclase, protein kinase A, protein kinase C, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, and extracellular signaling regulated kinase (Erk1/2) and also interacts with nitric oxide signaling. RXFP2 activates adenylate cyclase in recombinant systems, but physiological responses are sensitive to pertussis toxin. RXFP3 and RXFP4 resemble more conventional peptide liganded receptors and both inhibit adenylate cyclase, and in addition RXFP3 activates Erk1/2 signaling. Physiological studies and examination of the phenotypes of transgenic mice have established that relaxin has roles as a reproductive hormone involved in uterine relaxation (some species), reproductive tissue growth, and collagen remodeling but also in the cardiovascular and renal systems and in the brain. The connective tissue remodeling properties of relaxin acting at RXFP1 receptors have potential for the development of agents effective for the treatment of cardiac and renal fibrosis, asthma, and scleroderma and for orthodontic remodelling. Agents acting at RXFP2 receptors may be useful for the treatment of cryptorchidism and infertility, whereas antagonists may be used as contraceptives. The brain distribution of RXFP3 receptors suggests that actions at these receptors have the potential for the development of antianxiety and antiobesity drugs.
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PMID:International Union of Pharmacology LVII: recommendations for the nomenclature of receptors for relaxin family peptides. 1650 80