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Query: UMLS:C0043167 (pertussis)
 19,595 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The incidence of B pertussis has increased by 50% from the 1980s to the 1990s, primarily among those aged 4 months and younger. Worldwide, pertussis is a significant cause of infectious mortality with 40 million cases and 400.000 deaths. Most of these cases and deaths occur in infancy. Symptoms vary from common cold in adults to respiratory distress in infants. Non immune babies with respiratory disease and significant lymphocytosis should be considered to have pertussis until proven otherwise. The onset of severe pulmonary hypertension during B pertussis pneumonia is frequenly rapid and relentless. Exchange-transfusion can be life-saving by reducing the leucocyte mass. Classic vaccination or boosters given to adults and adolescents would reduce the spread from parents tho infants, but a new vaccination schedule is under investigation at Vanderbilt Children's Hospital to give baby's first pertussis vaccination at birth?
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PMID:[Clinical case of the month. Fatal pertussis infection in a 2 month old infant]. 1668 Sep 98

Severe pertussis has a high mortality risk, especially in those with high white blood cell counts and pulmonary hypertension. Exchange transfusion can reduce the leukocyte mass in blood. We report 3 young infants with severe pertussis and hyperleukocytosis who developed cardiogenic shock and pulmonary hypertension. Exchange transfusion was performed. The white blood cell count decreased accompanied by improvement in the cardiopulmonary condition and survival in the 3 infants. Exchange transfusion should be considered in patients with severe pertussis with hyperleukocytosis.
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PMID:Exchange transfusion to reverse severe pertussis-induced cardiogenic shock. 1694 Aug 48

A 5-week-old boy was admitted to hospital with clinical pneumonia. He became increasingly respiratory insufficient requiring ventilation. He developed severe leukocytosis and pulmonary hypertension and died 3 days after admission. Pertussis was diagnosed by PCR. The frequency of pertussis is increasing in all ages worldwide, despite national vaccination programmes. Some countries now acknowledge that adolescents and adults are transmitting the disease to infants and recommend late booster vaccination. Our case suggests the need for these recommendations.
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PMID:[Pertussis--a life-threatening infection in infants. Is there a need for booster vaccination?]. 1846 31

In spite of the availability and widespread use of vaccines, pertussis is far from controlled. Newborns and infants too young to be fully vaccinated, born from mothers with low antibody titers to Bordetella pertussis, are highly susceptible to infection and at risk of severe disease and death. Pertussis associated with pulmonary hypertension in the newborn is often fatal. The authors report a clinical case of severe pertussis -induced respiratory failure associated to severe pulmonary hypertension in a neonate successfully treated with sildenafil and inhaled nitric oxide.
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PMID:Pertussis with severe pulmonary hypertension in a newborn with good outcome - case report. 1878 Dec 68

Pertussis is a leading cause of death from community infections in infant. Life-threatening clinical presentations of pertussis can associate multiple organ system failure with respiratory distress. The question of the optimal management of these severe forms of pertussis, in order to reduce the high mortality rate, is raised by the clinicians caring for such patients. We report the case of a 1 month infant who was admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) for a severe pertussis. He presented with an acute respiratory distress syndrome, a severe pulmonary hypertension was treated initially with mechanical ventilation and nitric oxide. At day 4 (D4), a cardiogenic shock occurred and, despite epinephrine and norepinephrine infusion, fluid expansion, the hemodynamic condition worsened with two episodes of cardiac arrest. The child was then successfully resuscitated, and, facing the extreme hemodynamic instability, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) was considered. ECMO allowed epinephrine and norepinephrine to be progressively discontinued, and protective mechanical ventilation. ECMO withdrawal was possible at D9, with milrinone as the sole inotropic agent. Weaning from mechanical ventilation was possible on D15 and the total length of stay in PICU was 20days. While the analysis of the literature, through limited experiences on the use of ECMO in children with severe pertussis does not allow concluding definitively on the utility of ECMO in this situation, the contribution of ECMO in the favourable outcome for our patient was considerable. This is an argument, to our opinion, for considering ECMO in the management of those very instable patients.
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PMID:[Extracorporeal membranous oxygenation in severe infant pertussis: a case report]. 1911 31

Three infants aged less than 2 months were hospitalized for malignant pertussis. Echocardiography showed pulmonary hypertension. High-frequency oscillations and nitric oxide were ineffective. Respiratory and hemodynamic conditions deteriorated secondarily. The third case received an exchange transfusion without success. All three infants died following multiorgan failure. Malignant pertussis is the leading cause of infectious death in infants less than 2 months of age, treatment is often ineffective, and prevention, targeting the population of young adults, is particularly important.
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PMID:[Malignant pertussis: 3 case reports]. 1996 65

Infantile malignant pertussis is characterized by severe respiratory failure, pulmonary hypertension, leukocytosis, and death. Bordetella pertussis is a vaccine-preventable disease that is becoming a much more globally prevalent condition contributing to more and more infant deaths each year. This article examines 2 such cases and the hospital's internal and community-based programs initiated to help protect these vulnerable infants.
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PMID:Malignant pertussis in the pediatric intensive care unit. 2001 Jan 85

Pertussis, or whooping cough, is a highly infectious respiratory disease, endemic all over the world, caused by bacteria Bordetella pertussis. The authors describe the case of a 36 day old infant, brought to the emergency room due to respiratory distress and cyanosing cough, admitted with suspected pertussis infection complicated by bacterial pneumonia, having begun large spectrum antibiotics. Labs showed hyperleukocytosis and thrombocytosis. She was transferred to an Intensive Care Unit because of a worsened state, dying 20 hours after admission with pulmonary hypertension and haemorrhage. Pertussis was diagnosed by PCR. Over the last few years, there has been an increase in the number of cases of pertussis. Adolescents and adults have become an under-recognized but significant source of infection, particularly to small unvaccinated infants. The authors underline the importance of recognizing pertussis, so that even in its atypical presentation, one can suspect, treat, report and prevent a disease that is not, and is not expected to be, eradicated any time soon. New vaccination strategies are necessary, to avoid this disease, which can be fatal to the most vulnerable.
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PMID:[Pertussis keeps on killing]. 2043 7

Pertussis is ranked among the leading causes of childhood mortality. The most catastrophic clinical complication of pertussis in infants, intractable pulmonary hypertension with shock, is not very well known. We describe the clinical course of a fatal case of severe pertussis complicated by refractory pulmonary hypertension and shock in a 2-month-old infant.
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PMID:[Pertussis infection and fatal pulmonary hypertension]. 2094 56

Pertussis is a contagious disease that may develop a serious clinical picture by hypoxemia and pulmonary hypertension refractory to treatment. The syndrome of hyperviscosity and arteriolar thrombosis is responsible for the cardiocirculatory collapse. Our objective is to describe the evolution of a series of patients with severe pertussis, some of whom received exchange transfusion (ET) as an alternative treatment. We analyzed 41 patients' clinical charts with diagnosis of pertussis treated in the Pediatric Intensive Care Units during the 2003-2011 period. The mean age was 2.38 months. In the 90.2% of cases, the cause of admission to PICU was respiratory failure; 75% required mechanical respiratory support and 39% developed pulmonary hypertension. The overall mortality was 41.4%. Nine patients were treated by ET, 5 died. Conclusion. Severe pertussis is associated with high mortality. ET reduced the mass of circulating leukocytes in 53.5%; ET could be an alternative to conventional treatment, although controlled studies are required to assert it.
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PMID:[Severe pertussis, progression and exchange transfusion as an alternative treatment. Case reports]. 2285 27


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