Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0043167 (pertussis)
 19,595 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Fundamental and clinical studies of ceftazidime (CAZ) were performed, and the following results were obtained. MICs of CAZ for E. coli which was recently isolated from patients, were less than 1.56 microgram/ml and that for K. oxytoca were less than 0.39 micrograms/ml, and that for Salmonella were less than 0.39 microgram/ml, and that for B. pertussis were less than 0.20 microgram/ml. The mean serum levels after the drip infusion at the doses of 20 to 36 mg/kg for 30 to 60 minutes were between 11.8 and 66.7 micrograms/ml at 1 hour, and the mean half-lives (T 1/2) were between 58 and 105 minutes, and the excretion rates in urine up to 6 hours were between 86.3 and 96.5%. CAZ was given to 35 pediatric patients (include 2 drop cases) by intravenous injection for 4 to 10 days, and the total dosage was between 2.4 and 14.5 g. Thirty-three patients with acute respiratory tract infections, pertussis and acute urinary tract infections with ABPC-resistant E. coli were treated with CAZ by intravenous injection or drip infusion. The efficacy rate of excellent + good was 90.9% (30 cases/33 cases) and the efficacy rate of excellent + good + fair was 100%. The daily doses of CAZ were 50 to 110 mg/kg, given in 2 or 3 divided doses per day. S. pyogenes, S. aureus, H. influenzae, B. pertussis and ABPC-resistant E. coli were isolated from the culture of sputum or urine in the patients, and they were all eradicated by treatment with CAZ. No side effect was observed except for temporary eosinophilia in 2 cases and temporary platelets increased in 1 case.
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PMID:[Fundamental and clinical studies of ceftazidime, a new cephem antibiotic in the field of pediatrics]. 637 53

Cefoperazone (CPZ) was given intravenously to 23 children with the following acute bacterial infections; 10 cases of pneumonia, 4 cases of urinary tract infection, 2 cases of purulent cervical lymphadenitis, 2 cases of pertussis pneumonia, 2 cases of septicemia, 1 case of osteomyelitis, 1 case of perforative peritonitis and 1 case of bacterial meningitis. Clinical effectiveness was obtained in 20 cases out of 23 cases and bacteriological effectiveness in 14 cases out of 17 cases. With CPZ, the following side effects developed; transient diarrhea in 1 case, asymptomatic eosinophilia in 2 cases. From the above clinical results, it is apparent that CPZ is a useful antibiotic for treating pediatric patients with various kinds of bacterial infections.
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PMID:[Clinical experience with cefoperazone in the pediatric field (author's transl)]. 645 40

A new semisynthetic 1-oxa-beta-lactam derivative, 6059-S, was evaluated for its safety and efficacy in children. Twenty-five patients were treated with 10 to 274 mg/kg per day of 6059-S by intravenous administrations. The diagnosis of the patients were acute pharyngitis (2), acute bronchitis (2), pneumonia (4), pertussis (4), acute enterocolitis (2), recurrent urinary tract infection (2), suspected septicemia (3), and acute purulent meningitis (1); and the remaining 5 patients were considered to have nonbacterial infections. The pathogens recovered were Streptococcus pneumoniae (1), Haemophilus influenzae (4), Haemophilus parainfluenzae (1), Enterobacter cloacae (1), Enterobacter aerogenes (1), Proteus morganii (1), Psuedomonas aeruginosa (2) and Salmonella typhimurium (1). All the patients of bacterial infections were cured after the 6059-S therapy. However, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhimurium were not eradicated after the 6059-S therapy, and the rate of bacterial disappearance was 75%. Diarrhea (3), precordial pain (2, only in cases with high-dose therapy), transient elevation of GOT and GPT (2), and transient eosinophilia (2) were found to be associated with the 6059-S therapy. However, no severe adverse reactions were encountered. Half life of the serum 6059-S level was 1.34 +/- 0.16 hours. CSF concentrations in a case with Haemophilus influenzae meningitis ranged 4.0 to 9.7 mcg/ml after an intravenous injection of 34.3 to 75 mg/kg of 6059-S. From the present study, 6059-S appears to be a safe and effective antibiotic when used in children with susceptible bacterial infections. It remains to be further determined whether 6059-S is superior to ABPC in the treatment of Haemophilus influenzae meningitis.
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PMID:[Clinical evaluation of 6059-S therapy in children (author's transl)]. 645 68

Clinical trials of 9,3"-diacetylmidecamycin (MOM), a new macrolide antibiotic were carried out on 46 pediatric patients of 1 month to 11 years old with infections (acute pharyngitis 12, acute tonsillitis 1, acute bronchitis 14, asthmatic bronchitis 10, acute pneumonia 1, primary atypical pneumonia 2, Mycoplasma pneumonia 4 and pertussis 2). As a rule, MOM was given orally at a daily dose of 20 approximately 40 mg/kg divided into 3 times. The clinical results were excellent in 5 patients, good in 21, fair in 7 and poor in 13 and the efficacy rate was 56.5%. Side effects were observed in 4 patients (diarrhea, exanthema, urticaria and eosinophilia, 1 patient respectively). MOM is easy to take and a useful antibiotic for treating patients with bacterial infections, in particular, respiratory tract infection caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae.
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PMID:[Clinical studies of 9,3"-diacetylmidecamycin in pediatric field (author's transl)]. 697 41

1. We had a chance to administer the "MOM dry syrup' (MOM fine granules) to 22 patients: 6 patients with streptococcal infections and 16 patients with other respiratory tract infections. The clinical efficacy was good in 16 cases and its rate was 80%. 2. The causative organisms were isolated from 9 cases: 6 cases with S. pyogenes, 2 with S. pneumoniae and 1 case with B. pertussis. All of the clinical isolates were eradicated except for the S. pyogenes strains. 3. Any remarked side effects were not observed but only eosinophilia in 2 cases. 4. Because of no bitterness of the MOM dry syrup, all the children take it easily. 5. MOM was effective in all the cases of pertussis and Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia. As for streptococcal and pneumococcal infections, it is necessary to administer MOM under the control of bacterial sensitivity.
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PMID:[Clinical studies of 9, 3"-diacetylmidecamycin (author's transl)]. 698 Feb 92

1. Exposure of sensitized Brown Norway (BN) rats to ovalbumin aerosol induced a remarkable and a sustained accumulation of eosinophils into broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL) fluid. 2. When male BN rats, sensitized by i.m. injection of ovalbumin and i.p. injection of killed Bordetella pertussis, were exposed to the antigen on day 14, eosinophils accumulated into BAL fluid, maximal 48 hr after antigen exposure. This accumulation of eosinophils was inhibited completely by administration of cyclosporin A (Cs A, 50 mg/kg/day) during induction phase, whereas it was inhibited slightly by administration of CsA (50 mg/kg) during the effector phase. 3. When BN rats were sensitized by weekly exposure of ovalbumin, eosinophils accumulated into BAL fluid, maximal 48 hr after the third exposure of antigen. The accumulation of eosinophils by this method was observed only in female rats and was inhibited completely by administration of CsA (50 mg/kg) during induction phase, whereas it was inhibited slightly by administration of CsA (50 mg/kg) during effector phase. 4. The present study demonstrates similarities and differences between two models of eosinophilia and also suggests increased function of T cells in BN rats.
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PMID:A similarity and a difference between two models of late eosinophil accumulation into the airway induced by antigen exposure in actively sensitized brown Norway (BN) rats. 759 86

Clinical studies on SY5555 dry syrup, a new oral penem antibiotic, were carried out in the field of pediatrics. The following results were obtained. 1. SY5555 was administered to 10 children with various bacterial infections (2 patients with acute tonsillitis, 2 with acute bronchitis, 1 with pharyngitis, 2 with scarlet fever, 1 with pertussis and 2 with urinary tract infections). The overall clinical efficacy rate was 90%. 2. Side effects or abnormal laboratory test values were not observed except for loose stool in 1 and eosinophilia in 1.
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PMID:[Clinical studies on SY5555 in the field of pediatrics]. 769 35

Bacteriological and clinical studies in the pediatric field have been performed on biapenem (L-627), a newly-developed carbapenem antibiotic, and the following results were obtained. 1. In the pharmacokinetic study, the plasma concentration of L-627 showed dose-dependant change: Cmax was 14.6 micrograms/ml and AUC was 15.4 micrograms.hr/ml with the administration of 6 mg/kg, while Cmax was 49.2 micrograms/ml and AUC was 60.1 micrograms.hr/ml with the administration of 12 mg/kg. After the administration of 6 mg/kg, the urinary concentration reached maximum within 2 hours and the cumulative urinary excretion rate in the first 6 hours was 49.4%. 2. Antibacterial activities of L-627 against 27 strains of clinical isolates were determined. MICs of L-627 against such Gram-positive cocci as Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes were sufficiently low, and those against such Gram-negative rods as Haemophilus influenzae, Escherichia coli and Bordetella pertussis were satisfactory and as low as those of imipenem or ceftazidime. 3. Clinical efficacies of L-627 were evaluated in 36 cases of bacterial infections. The overall efficacy rate was 100%, and excellent responses in 26 cases and good in 10 cases were obtained. As for bacteriological efficacies, all strains except 1 of B. pertussis were eradicated and a high eradication rate of 96.6% was obtained. 4. No side effects were observed in 37 evaluated cases. As abnormal laboratory test results, eosinophilia was noted in 2 cases (5.4%), but they returned to normal values rapidly after the drug was discontinued. From these results, it has been concluded that L-627 is a safe and effective drug to be used in treatment of pediatric infectious diseases.
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PMID:[Bacteriological and clinical studies of biapenem (L-627) in pediatrics]. 793 27

The authors show a scientific literary review on Ch. trachomatis pneumonia. A distinctive syndrome pneumonia has been reported in infants infected by Chlamydia (at 2-3 months of age) in genital-urinary infected mothers. The infection may be preceded by conjunctivitis, in apyrexia followed by attacks of coughing pertussis-like. Blood eosinophilia is present. Although favorable prognosis in infancy, erythromycin is the drug of choice shortening the clinical course erythromycin is also recommended in woman infected prevention.
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PMID:[Pulmonary infections in children. III. Pneumonia due to Chlamydia trachomatis]. 809 Jan 37

S-1108 in a fine granular form was administered in 14 children and its safety and efficacy in bacterial infections were evaluated. Among them, 2 cases of cystitis and 1 case of pneumonia were considered unevaluable for the efficacy. The results obtained are summarized as follows. 1. The overall clinical efficacy rate was 81.8% in the eleven evaluable cases treated with S-1108 fine granules including 5 cases of pharyngitis, 2 cases each of tonsillitis, pertussis and cystitis. 2. Bacteriological efficacy of 100% was achieved against pathogens identified in 5 children including 1 case each of Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes and Haemophilus influenzae and 2 cases of Escherichia coli. 3. The only abnormal laboratory test results observed were eosinophilia and leukocytopenia in one case each. Diarrhea was recorded in 1 case. Judging from the above results, it appears that S-1108 in the fine granular form is an effective, useful and safe antibiotic of first choice for the treatment of infections in the pediatric field.
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PMID:[Clinical study of S-1108 fine granule in the pediatric field]. 810 74


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