Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Quinidine gluconate (total dose 4-4 to 9-1 mg/kg) was infused intravenously over 22 minutes in 20 patients with either frequent premature ventricular contractions or supraventricular arrhythmias, 16 of whom had bundle-branch block. Therapeutic plasma quinidine levels (3 to 7 mg/l) were achieved in 15. Heart rate, atrioventricular nodal, and infranodal conduction times did not change significantly. The QRS duration increased significantly from 128+/-30 to 134+/-29 ms at peak plasma quinidine levels (P less than 0.01). Mild hypotension occurred during infusion in most patients. Two patients had a severe but transient toxic response characterised by hypotension, nausea, vomiting, and diaphoresis. Atrioventricular dissociation with escape His bundle or fascicular rhythm occurred in 1 patient with sinus bradycardia. Bundle-branch block does not contraindicate administration of quinidine. Quinidine gluconate administered intravenously (0-3 to 0-4 mg/kg per min) is frequently associated with hypotenstion and should be used only in an intensive care setting and with careful monitoring of blood pressure.
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PMID:Clinical and electrophysiological effects of intravenous quinidine in man. 84 92

Twenty-five adult patients with resistant or early relapsing Hodgkin's disease have been treated with CAV combination chemotherapy (CCNU, melphalan and etoposide). All patients had previously received both MOPP and ABVD regimens (23 patients as primary therapy and two as first salvage). High-energy radiotherapy had been administered in one case. The CAV chemotherapy was used as first salvage therapy in 15 cases (60%); the remaining patients had been heavily pretreated with different regimens including alkylating agents, vinblastine, and/or nitrosourea derivatives before CAV for multiple relapses or progressive disease. At the initiation of CAV chemotherapy, 64% of patients had extranodal disease (20% with more than one site), and bone marrow was involved in 16% of total cases. Thirty-two percent of CAV patients had progressed during primary therapy, while only 20% of cases had relapsed after complete remission (CR). The CR rate after CAV therapy was 17% (4 of 24); partial responses were observed in 33% of patients, giving an overall response rate of 50%. The response was influenced by the presence of nodal disease and by a prior response to chemotherapy. Considering the 15 patients who received CAV therapy as first salvage, the CR rate was 37%. The median survival from the initiation of CAV therapy was 23 months for the whole group of patients, and was not reached at 2 years for those who received CAV as first salvage therapy. Toxicity consisted of nausea (100% of cases), vomiting (63%), reversible alopecia (83%), mild to moderate leukopenia and thrombocytopenia (54% and 21%, respectively). No therapy-related deaths were observed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:CAV chemotherapy (CCNU, melphalan, etoposide) as salvage treatment for relapsing or resistant Hodgkin's disease. 170 10

Fifty patients affected by histologically confirmed gastrointestinal tract cancer (GTC) were treated with oral tegafur (TG) 1,000 mg m-2 p.o. on days 1-14 repeated after a 14 day interval. Out of 42 evaluable patients seven patients had a partial response (PR. 17%) with a median duration of 20.5 weeks, three had a minimal response (7%) with a median duration of 23.7 weeks, nine showed a stabilisation which lasted a median of 31.3 weeks, and 23 progressed (55%). No response was obtained in patients affected by carcinoma of the pancreas and the hepatobiliary system. All PRs were achieved in patients with metastatic disease to the liver. No response was seen in patients with bone, lung or nodal metastasis. Three PRs were obtained in patients resistant to 5-fluorouracil. The difference in survival between patients who achieved PR and those who had a stabilisation was not statistically significant. On the other hand the survival of patients with PR was significantly longer than that of patients who progressed. Oral TG was well tolerated by most patients. WHO grade 1-2 gastrointestinal and neurological toxicities were seen respectively in 36% and 25% of cases. Five patients had grade 3 nausea/vomiting and one had grade 3 diarrhoea. Our data suggest that oral TG is effective in the treatment of stomach and colorectal cancers.
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PMID:Oral tegafur in the treatment of gastrointestinal tract cancers: a phase II study. 210 30

Twelve hundred ninety-six patients with resected colon cancer that either was locally invasive (Stage B2) or had regional nodal involvement (Stage C) were randomly assigned to observation or to treatment for one year with levamisole combined with fluorouracil. Patients with Stage C disease could also be randomly assigned to treatment with levamisole alone. The median follow-up time at this writing is 3 years (range, 2 to 5 1/2). Among the patients with Stage C disease, therapy with levamisole plus fluorouracil reduced the risk of cancer recurrence by 41 percent (P less than 0.0001). The overall death rate was reduced by 33 percent (P approximately 0.006). Treatment with levamisole alone had no detectable effect. The results in the patients with Stage B2 disease were equivocal and too preliminary to allow firm conclusions. Toxic effects of levamisole alone were infrequent, usually consisting of mild nausea with occasional dermatitis or leukopenia, and those of levamisole plus fluorouracil were essentially the same as those of fluorouracil alone--i.e., nausea, vomiting, stomatitis, diarrhea, dermatitis, and leukopenia. These reactions were usually not severe and did not greatly impede patients' compliance with their regimen. We conclude that adjuvant therapy with levamisole and fluorouracil should be standard treatment for Stage C colon carcinoma. Since most patients in our study were treated by community oncologists, this approach should be readily adaptable to conventional medical practice.
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PMID:Levamisole and fluorouracil for adjuvant therapy of resected colon carcinoma. 236 11

Chemotherapy was given as initial therapy to 12 women with very advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix and to 19 women with recurrent disease. They received a median of four courses of POMB which comprised vincristine 1.0 mg/m2 and methotrexate 300 mg/m2 followed by folinic acid rescue, bleomycin 30 mg as a 48-h infusion or intramuscular injection and cisplatin 100 mg/m2 as a 12-h infusion. Two of the 14 assessable patients with recurrent disease (14%) had a complete response with no disease found histologically in one, and seven (50%) had a partial response. Although the actuarial median survival of all 19 patients with recurrent disease was 8 months, five patients have remained free from tumour progression for a median of 17 months from start of chemotherapy. Six of the 10 assessable patients receiving initial chemotherapy (60%) had a complete response (confirmed histologically in two) and two (20%) had a partial response. Nine patients had additional treatment with radiotherapy and or surgery. Although only four of the patients remain disease-free at 61, 51, 7 and 4 months, all but two were initially FIGO stage IV. Although cisplatin-induced emesis is controllable and the side-effects of methotrexate can be avoided, the POMB regimen remains potentially toxic. The small number of patients with very advanced disease who are long-term survivors prompts us to study further the role of aggressive chemotherapy as the initial treatment of patients with visceral or nodal involvement from carcinoma of the cervix.
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PMID:Cisplatin, vincristine, methotrexate and bleomycin (POMB) as initial or palliative chemotherapy for carcinoma of the cervix. 244 33

Twenty-two patients with metastatic melanoma were treated with a chemotherapy regimen consisting of two cycles of induction therapy with vinblastine, bleomycin, and cisplatin, followed by maintenance therapy with dacarbazine and dibromodulcitol. A 17% response rate was noted in this patient group, with a median survival of 40 weeks. Objective responses were limited to cutaneous, nodal, pulmonary, and one adrenal site of metastatic disease. Toxicity was acceptable and was limited to myelosuppression and nausea with emesis. Further study appears warranted to define the optimal treatment plan for metastatic melanoma.
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PMID:A phase II trial of vinblastine, bleomycin, and cisplatin induction followed by dacarbazine and dibromodulcitol maintenance in the treatment of metastatic melanoma. A follow-up study of twenty-two patients. 246 Oct 74

Thirty-eight patients with disseminated malignant melanoma (stage IV) who had not received previous chemotherapy were given lomustine 50 to 80 mg/m2 orally on day 1 and dacarbazine 400 mg intravenously on days 1 to 3 with intervals of 6 weeks. Three of the 36 evaluable patients showed complete response (8%), 4 partial response (11%), and 5 had stable disease for at least 3 months (13%). The responding patients had metastases confined to cutaneous, nodal or pulmonary sites. None of the patients with liver, osseous or cerebral metastases, or patients with Karnofsky's status of less than 80, responded. Patients with more than two years from the diagnosis to the start of the chemotherapy were more likely to achieve objective response (p less than 0.05). Eighty-four per cent of the patients had nausea or vomiting, but otherwise toxicity was minimal.
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PMID:Combination chemotherapy with dacarbazine and lomustine in disseminated malignant melanoma. 302 Aug 81

Domperidone is an effective antiemetic for children receiving cytotoxic therapy. There have been reports of cardiac arrest in older patients associated with domperidone. We carried out continuous ECG monitoring of 18 children receiving domperidone intravenously in a dose of 1 mg/kg body weight. No serious dysrhythmias were noted during 379 h of recording. Single premature beats, transient sinus pauses, and nodal block were occasionally associated with vomiting and were no more common than would be expected in a population of normal children.
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PMID:Continuous ECG monitoring of children with cancer receiving domperidone. 315 47

Between April 1982 and March 1988, 28 patients with advanced urothelial cancer were treated with combination chemotherapy incorporating cisplatin at our hospital and the response was evaluated. Fourteen of them were managed by the CAP chemotherapy (cyclophosphamide 300-500 mg/m2 day 1, doxorubicin 30-50 mg/m2 day 1, cisplatin 40-90 mg/m2 day 2), 7 by the FAP chemotherapy (fluorouracil 300 mg/m2 day 1-5, doxorubicin 30 mg/m2 day 1, cisplatin 15 mg/m2 day 1-5) and 7 by the MEP chemotherapy (etoposide 100 mg/m2 day 1-3, cisplatin 20 mg/m2 day 1-5, methotrexate 300 mg/body day 6). Four patients (28.6%) responded to the CAP regimen; a complete response was gained in one patient who had pulmonary metastasis of excised ureteral cancer and a partial response in 3 patients with intravesical and nodal (N3, N4) cancer. A partial response was noted in 3 patients (42.9%) in the FAP group. They had intravesical lesions and two of them had regional node metastasis (N3). A higher response rate (85.7%) was obtained by the MEP regimen; a complete response in 2, who had intravesical and nodal (N2, N4) cancer, and a partial response in 4 patients, 1 had intravesical cancer, 1 had nodal (N2) and intravesical cancer and 2 had nodal or lung metastasis of excised renal pelvic cancer. Toxicity included mild to severe vomiting, alopecia, myelosuppression and mild renal or liver dysfunction. High dose metoclopramide provided a high degree of protection against cisplatin induced emesis. The results with the MEP regimen are promising for the advanced, metastatic urothelial cancer.
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PMID:[Results of combination chemotherapy in advanced urothelial cancer]. 324 18

Propafenone, an anti-arrhythmic medication recently introduced in class lc, was tested in a multicentric open study including 3,687 patients (mean age: 60 years), presenting a supra ventricular (n = 2,146, 59 p. cent), nodal (n = 351, 10 p. cent) or ventricular (n = 1,613, 44 p. cent) arrhythmia, in order to study its efficacy and tolerance. After exclusion of the patients on whom there was a contra-indications to the use of anti-arrhythmic drugs, Propafenone was administered orally, on a long-term basis, at the usual dose of 600-900 mg per 24 hours. The efficacy and tolerance were evaluated according to the usual clinical and paraclinical criteria (EKG, Holter) on the 15th day, then every month during the treatment period. The efficacy of the treatment was evaluated as very good in 54 p. cent of the cases, good in 25 p. cent of the cases, average in 8 p. cent of the patients and non-existent or non significant for 13 p. cent of the patients. Electrocardiographic alterations under Propafenone are already described: CF, PR, QRS. A cardiac undesirable side effect occurred 102 times, most often a sinus bradycardia type (n = 26), atrio-ventricular conduction disorders (n = 22) or intraventricular conduction disorders (n = 26), disorders of cardiac decompensation (n = 10) or arrhythmogenic effect (n = 18). Other side effects are gastro-intestinal in nature (taste alterations, nausea, vomiting, gastralgia) for 23 p. cent of the patients treated, neuro-sensorial in origin (dizziness, visual disorders, tremors) for 13 p. cent of the patients or of another nature for 5 p. cent of patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Efficacy and tolerance of propafenone in the treatment of cardiac rhythm disorders. Evaluation of a multicenter open trial on 3,687 patients]. 329 28


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