Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In recent years, more effective and less toxic treatment protocols have been developed to increase the cure rates in intermediate and high grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). This study was undertaken to investigate the efficacy and toxicity of MINE (ifosfamide, mesna, mitoxantrone and etoposide) combination chemotherapy in patients with intermediate and high grade NHL. Twenty-one patients (16 male, 5 female; age between 26 and 70 years) with NHL were included in the study. An overall response rate of 73% and complete response rate of 56% were achieved and survival rate for responding patients was 80% at the 48th month. Side effects including mild myelosuppression, nausea/vomiting and alopecia were observed. MINE combination seems to be effective and well tolerated without significant toxicity as a first-line therapy in patients with intermediate or high grade NHL.
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PMID:Administration of MINE protocol in untreated patients with intermediate and high grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. 940 64

Patients with refractory or relapsed non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), acute T-cell leukemia (ATL), ATL lymphoma and acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) received EPOCH therapy. All were previously treated with doxorubicin (DOX), vincristine (VCR) and other drugs. The EPOCH treatment schedule is consisted with DOX (10 mg/M2/day, 5 days c.i.v.), VCR (0.4 mg/M2/day, 4 days c.i.v.), etoposide (50 mg/M2/day, 4 days c.i.v.), cyclophosphamide (750 mg/M2/day, day 6 i.v.) and prednisolone (60 mg/M2/day, 5 days p.o.). Twenty-one patients (ALL:10, NHL:8, ATLL:2, ATL:1) were assessable for response and toxicity. Two patients with ALL and NHL, respectively, achieved a complete remission and 3 patients obtained partial remission (NHL:2, ATLL:1). The hematological toxicity (grade > 1) included neutoropenia, anemia and thrombocytopenia, which were observed in 83.3%, 76.7% and 76.7% respectively, of total 30 EPOCH courses. The major non-hematological toxicities were nausea/vomiting, constipation and infection, but most of the toxicity were tolerable with sufficient clinical supportive care. These results indicate that continuous infusion of DOX, VCR and ETP might be effective in patients who were treated with, and presumed to be resistant to the same drugs administrated by bolus infusion.
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PMID:[EPOCH therapy for relapsed/refractory lymphoid malignancies]. 959 93

Intestinal non-Hodgkin's lymphomas are a rare complication of long-standing Crohn's disease and generally arise in sites of active inflammatory disease. To our knowledge, we report the first case of an unusual association between ileal Crohn's disease and a diffuse large B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma involving an adjacent mesenteric lymph node but not the intestinal tract. A 22-year-old man was seen for intermittent abdominal pain, vomiting, and severe weight loss that were suggestive of intestinal obstruction. A segmental ileocolonic resection was performed. Gross examination revealed a terminal ileal inflammatory stenosis and enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes. Histologically, terminal ileal Crohn's disease was associated with a diffuse large cell lymphoma localized within one mesenteric lymph node without intestinal involvement. Immunophenotyping performed on deparaffinized sections demonstrated the B phenotype of this lymphoma.
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PMID:An unusual case associating ileal Crohn's disease and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of an adjacent mesenteric lymph node. 962 27

A previously well 70 year old woman was admitted to hospital following a three day history of vomiting and confusion. Her serum calcium was 6.58 mmol/l, phosphate 1.09 mmol/l, and alkaline phosphatase 91 iu/l. The mechanism of this hypercalcaemia was not obvious as there was no evidence of a primary malignancy, lymphadenopathy or hepatosplenomegaly. The calculation of indices of urinary excretion of calcium and phosphate suggested the presence of excessive parathyroid hormone (PTH) activity as the mechanism of hypercalcaemia. Plasma intact PTH, 25-hydroxycholecalciferol, and 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol were not raised suggesting the presence of PTH related peptide (rP). This led to a systematic search for a malignancy, which revealed the presence of a high grade B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma confined to the bone marrow. Plasma PTH-rP was subsequently shown to be raised confirming the interpretation of the initial urinary and calcium excretion indices. This case highlights the value of standard laboratory measurements such as urinary calcium and phosphate excretion in cases of hypercalcaemia of obscure aetiology, which can complement measurements of PTH and other calcitropic hormones.
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PMID:Value of assessing parathyroid hormone-like activity in a case of extreme hypercalcaemia. 965 76

A 24-year-old woman with a large cell anaplastic CD 30-positive T-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) developed downbeat nystagmus, anisocoria, and oscillopsia. Prior to overt cerebral invasion by NHL, she had a thiamine deficiency with very low thiamine concentrations in the CSF, probably caused by protracted vomiting and increased vitamin B1 consumption by intrathecal tumor cells. We believe that her neurologic symptoms were caused -- at least partly -- by thiamine deficiency, as she reacted well to thiamine supplementation at the beginning of treatment.
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PMID:Downbeat nystagmus caused by thiamine deficiency: an unusual presentation of CNS localization of large cell anaplastic CD 30-positive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. 1008 30

A case of primary non-Hodgkin's T-cell lymphoma of the duodenum is presented. A 41-year-old man was hospitalized in 1984 complaining of abdominal distention and vomiting. Hypotonic duodenography showed an encircling filling defect in the second portion of the duodenum, and a biopsy specimen revealed features of malignancy suggestive of either undifferentiated carcinoma or malignant lymphoma. Radical surgery (pancreaticoduodenectomy) was performed, after which chemotherapy was administered. A histological evaluation of the duodenal tumor showed it to be non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. It was a diffuse, large-cell type, which immunohistochemically suggested it to be of T-cell origin. Currently the patient is doing well, with no evidence of disease recurrence 13 years after surgery.
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PMID:Primary T-cell lymphoma of the duodenum: report of a case. 1021 68

CPT-11 + ADM therapy (CPT-11 40 mg/body x 2 days; Day 1 & 2, combined with ADM 20 to 60 mg/body x 1 day; Day 3) was given to four patients with relapsed and advanced non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, which was refractory to conventional chemotherapies. The symptoms of the patients at the beginning of CPT-11 + ADM therapy were fever (in two cases), dyspnea due to pleural effusion (in two), severe backache (in one), and jaundice with splenomegaly (in one). Their Karnofsky performance scales were 20 or 30%. Soon after the initiation of CPT-11 + ADM therapy, their clinical conditions improved dramatically, and they obtained a partial remission lasting 3.5 to 9 months. During the period of controlling lymphomas by this therapy, all patients had some time at home for 2 to 8 months. The adverse effects were vomiting, diarrhea, neutropenia and thrombocytopenia, but no lethal infection or hemorrhage was seen. We conclude that CPT-11 + ADM therapy is very useful for improvement of QOL and life prolongation of patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, which is refractory to conventional chemotherapies and is even disseminated.
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PMID:[Improvement of quality of life (QOL) and life prolongation by CPT-11 + adriamycin (ADM) therapy: report of 4 cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma refractory to conventional chemotherapies]. 1023 5

This review summarizes the results reported in preclinical and clinical trials of three novel anticancer drugs developed and tested in Japan. In phase II trials, Irinotecan, a semisynthetic analog of camptothecin, has yielded response rates exceeding 20% in non-small-cell lung cancer, small-cell lung cancer, breast cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, ovarian cancer, uterine cervical cancer, and non-Hodgkini's lymphoma. It was modestly active on pancreatic cancer and was not active on acute leukemias. Dose-limiting toxicities were leukopenia and diarrhea, and other major toxicities were nausea, vomiting, and alopecia. Amrubicin, a totally synthetic anthracycline, exhibited both higher efficacy on human tumor xenografts and cardiotoxicity milder than that of doxorubicin in preclinical studies. The dose-limiting toxicity in phase I trials was leukopenia. In phase II trials, amrubicin has shown activity equivalent to that of doxorubicin on non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, response rates exceeding 20% on non-small-cell lung cancer, and a response rate of 78.8% on untreated extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer. S-1 is an oral formulation consisting of ftorafur (an analog of 5-fluorouracil), 5-chloro-2, 4-dehydropyrimidine, which inhibits degradation of 5-fluorouracil, and potassium oxonate, which reduces gastrointestinal toxicity, at a molar ratio of 1:0.4:1. In phase I trials, dose-limiting toxicities (myelosuppression and gastrointestinal toxicities) were judged to be milder than those induced by UFT (ftorafur plus uracil). The response rates obtained in phase II trials were 40-49% on advanced gastric cancer, 35.5% on colorectal cancer, 37.5% on head and neck cancer, and 40.7% on breast cancer.
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PMID:Novel anticancer drugs in Japan. 1023 66

Eleven patients with relapsed fludarabine-resistant B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) or leukemic variants of low-grade B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) were treated with the chimeric monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody rituximab (IDEC-C2B8). Peripheral lymphocyte counts at baseline varied from 0.2 to 294.3 x 10(9)/L. During the first rituximab infusion, patients with lymphocyte counts exceeding 50.0 x 10(9)/L experienced a severe cytokine-release syndrome. Ninety minutes after onset of the infusion, serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) peaked in all patients. Elevated cytokine levels during treatment were associated with clinical symptoms, including fever, chills, nausea, vomiting, hypotension, and dyspnea. Lymphocyte and platelet counts dropped to 50% to 75% of baseline values within 12 hours after the onset of the infusion. Simultaneously, there was a 5-fold to 10-fold increase of liver enzymes, d-dimers, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), as well as a prolongation of the prothrombin time. Frequency and severity of first-dose adverse events were dependent on the number of circulating tumor cells at baseline: patients with lymphocyte counts greater than 50.0 x 10(9)/L experienced significantly more adverse events of National Cancer Institute (NCI) grade III/IV toxicity than patients with less than 50.0 x 10(9)/L peripheral tumor cells (P = .0017). Due to massive side effects in the first patient treated with 375 mg/m(2) in 1 day, a fractionated dosing schedule was used in all subsequent patients with application of 50 mg rituximab on day 1, 150 mg on day 2, and the rest of the 375 mg/m(2) dose on day 3. While the patient with the leukemic variant of the mantle-cell NHL achieved a complete remission (9 months+) after treatment with 4 x 375 mg/m(2) rituximab, efficacy in patients with relapsed fludarabine-resistant B-CLL was poor: 1 partial remission, 7 cases of stable disease, and 1 progressive disease were observed in 9 evaluable patients with CLL. On the basis of these data, different infusion schedules and/or combination regimens with chemotherapeutic drugs to reduce tumor burden before treatment with rituximab will have to be evaluated.
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PMID:Cytokine-release syndrome in patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia and high lymphocyte counts after treatment with an anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody (rituximab, IDEC-C2B8). 1049 91

Primary gastric lymphoma is the most frequent extra nodal primary site for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and is itself uncommon. Moreover, a massive infiltration of all stomach (from cardias to antrum) simulating a linitis plastica, it's rare. We present a case report of this atypical presentation of primary gastric NHL in a 73 year old females. The patient came to our observation complaining of dyspepsia, epigastric pain and vomiting from 7 months associated with weight loss and asthenia. Physical examination revealed an epigastric palpable mass. Computed tomographic findings has been necessary to confirm that the massive infiltration of gastric wall (from cardias to pylorus) was ascribed to lymphoma. Dawson's criteria was respected to define primary gastric NHL and was performed a total gastrectomy with systematic lymphadenectomy. The histopathological evidences have confirmed clinical diagnosis of primary gastric NHL. Preoperative diagnosis to clarify the nature of lesions (primary or not) and accurate staging of neoplasm before the operation are indispensable for a correct therapeutic approach; in according to the Ann Arbor classification modified by Musshoff our cases was stage IIE and radical gastrectomy with systematic lymphadenectomy was performed. Surgical resection is generally considered to have a definitive role in the treatment of primary gastric lymphoma specially for the stage IE and IIE.
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PMID:[Primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the stomach (a rare case of extensive spread to the entire organ)]. 1057 21


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