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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To determine the frequency of pancreatitis and to define risk factors for pancreatitis in patients with AIDS, we compared patients with pancreatitis to patients without pancreatitis in an urban infectious disease practice. Pancreatitis was defined as at least one clinical sign or symptom (nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, or tenderness) accompanied by elevation of serum amylase or lipase. Twenty-four (22%) of 105 patients with AIDS, 2 (4%) of 46 patients with AIDS-related complex, 1 (3%) of 39 asymptomatic patients infected with HIV-1, and none of 9 uninfected patients at risk for HIV-1 developed pancreatitis as defined above. Fourteen patients experienced multiple episodes and three were symptomatic for more than 2 months. Pancreatitis was more likely to have occurred in patients with AIDS (P < .001), biliary tract disease (P = .013), and hypertriglyceridemia (P = .032). After matching for these factors and duration of current HIV disease, cryptosporidiosis, intravenous pentamidine, and isoniazid were each associated independently with pancreatitis (P < .05). Before didanosine (ddl) became available, 22% of the patients with AIDS in this practice had pancreatitis. Cryptosporidiosis, isoniazid, and intravenous pentamidine should be considered among the potential etiologies.
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PMID:Pancreatitis associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection: a matched case-control study. 882 75

We report a case of acute pancreatitis with diabetic ketoacidosis associated with increased serum myoglobin concentration, acute renal failure, and disseminated intravascular coagulation. A 49-year-old man suffering from diarrhea, vomiting, and somnolence was admitted to the hospital. He had had flu-like symptoms for 4 days prior to the onset of these symptoms. He was a habitual drinker and had been consuming 360 ml-900 ml of the drink "shochu" (distilled spirits containing 28% alcohol) daily for 30 years. Laboratory data on admission revealed elevated serum levels of pancreatic enzymes, including amylase, trypsin, lipase, pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor (PSTI), phospholipase A2 (PLA2), and elastase-1, as well as elevated levels of glucose (373 mg/dl), ketone bodies (3675 mumol/l), and myoglobin (229.8 ng/ml). Treatment with subcutaneous insulin and intravenous administration of electrolyte fluid and the systemic protease inhibitor, gabexate mesilate, was begun immediately. Early after the initiation of treatment, there was an increase in serum creatinine (4.9 mg/dl), and thromobocytopenia (15000/microliters) was observed. The patient completely recovered from renal failure and acute pancreatitis, but required insulin therapy. Alcohol ingestion and dehydration are thought to have played a major role in the triggering of the acute pancreatitis. We examined the relationship among acute pancreatitis, diabetic ketoacidosis, and hypermyoglobinemia in the literature.
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PMID:Acute pancreatitis with diabetic ketoacidosis associated with hypermyoglobinemia, acute renal failure, and DIC. 884 91

We report the case of a 61-year-old woman, who suffered from abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and fever. She had a past medical history of acute rheumatism, pyelonephritis and systemic scleroderma. Since 1971 she was hospitalized many times because of recurrent abdominal pain with increased serum amylase and lipase values. On admission, she was in distress and demonstrated clinical signs of acute pancreatitis. The link between systemic lupus erythematosus and acute pancreatitis is discussed in view of the reported cases of the world literature.
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PMID:Pancreatitis in systemic scleroderma. 936 Feb 94

Death from ferric chloride poisoning has never been reported in Taiwan. We report a fatality from the suicidal ingestion of ferric chloride solution used as an etching agent for printed circuitry. A 25-y-old woman presented with vomiting after ingestion of 200 ml ferric chloride solution (pH 1.0). She had hypoxemia and severe metabolic acidosis with respiratory alkalosis initially. Three hours after her ingestion she presented with drowsy consciousness, tachycardia, tachypnea and protracted vomiting. Laboratory studies showed leukocytosis, elevated glucose, aspartate aminotransferase, amylase, lactate dehydrogenase, and total bilirubin, coagulation defect and hemolysis. Aspiration pneumonia and vision loss were also noted. Four hours after ingestion cardiopulmonary arrest suddenly occurred after severe vomiting and she expired. Toxicological studies showed marked elevation of serum iron (2440 micrograms/dl); the estimated oral dose of ferric chloride was equivalent to 11.52 g (230 mg/kg) of elemental iron. This patient did not receive deferoxamine due to rapid deterioration and a late diagnosis. Deferoxamine should be given in any symptomatic patient or in the presence of anion gap metabolic acidosis with a history of ferric chloride ingestion.
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PMID:A fatal case of acute ferric chloride poisoning. 946 7

Acute pancreatitis is probably commoner in children than was previously thought. In children it is most commonly associated with trauma or viral infection. The presentation may be subtler than in adults, requiring a high index of suspicion in the clinician. In three children, two boys aged 4 and 10 and a girl of 15 years, acute pancreatitis was suspected because of the findings at ultrasonography and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography performed when the disease recurred (the boy aged 4), apathy and immobility without dehydration or other obvious causes (the boy aged 10), and severe abdominal pain in combination with vomiting (the girl). All three patients had severely increased (urinary) amylase levels. Most often, acute pancreatitis in children tends to be a self-limiting disease which responds well to conservative treatment.
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PMID:[Acute pancreatitis in children]. 956 70

A six-year-old, spayed female Shetland sheepdog was presented with acute onset of anorexia and vomiting. An inflammatory leukogram and elevated serum amylase, lipase, alkaline phosphatase, alanine transferase, and triglycerides supported a diagnosis of severe acute pancreatitis. An enlarged, hypoechoic pancreas was visualized on abdominal ultrasonography. The patient clinically responded to medical therapy consisting of nothing per os, total parenteral nutrition, and supportive care. She presented again three weeks later with anorexia and vomiting. A large, anechoic mass was seen in the left limb of the pancreas on ultrasonographic examination of the abdomen. Differentials for this mass included abscess, focal peritonitis, and pancreatic pseudocyst. Clinical signs resolved with supportive care. The mass failed to resolve. Sterile fluid (35 ml) was removed via ultrasonographic-guided centesis 42 days after initial presentation. Ultrasonographic appearance, biochemical analyses, and fluid examination with negative cultures suggested pancreatic pseudocyst. The pseudocyst gradually resolved over the next seven months postcentesis.
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PMID:Resolution of a pancreatic pseudocyst in a dog following percutaneous ultrasonographic-guided drainage. 982 89

Patients with anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa may try to compensate weight gain due to binge eating by purging: vomiting or use of diuretics, laxatives or diet pills. Purging may reduce the body weight through volume depletion, but has hardly any effect on the food uptake. Frequent vomiting is revealed by enlargement of the submandibular and parotid glands and rise of the serum amylase. Use of laxatives leads to electrolyte imbalances, lesions of intestinal mucosa and chronic obstipation. Physical effects of diuretics are dehydration and electrolyte imbalance; oedema may be a sign of their discontinuation. Frequent or major effects of purging are: disorders of cardiac conduction (caused by hypokalaemia), insults and cerebral dysfunction (both due to hyponatraemia). A normal serum potassium concentration does not exclude intracellular hypokalaemia; accordingly, electrocardiography is indicated.
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PMID:[Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. IIi. Somatic complications of purging]. 985 68

Mortality from radical cystectomy is still high, in some series accounting for 1-10% deaths. Morbidity is even higher and can reach 50%. This paper contributes the case of a 66-year old male patient diagnosed with an infiltrant tumour of the bladder following TUR. The patient's background included prior surgery for gastroduodenal ulcus, alcohol consumption, and obesity. Following routine pre-operatory investigations, the patient underwent radical cystectomy using routine techniques and urinary by-pass via transcolonic ureterosigmoidostomy. Increased transaminases, leucocytosis, vomiting, jaundice and extended intestinal ileum were noted during the patient's post-operative period, while blood and urine amylase concentrations were moderately high. Following CAT study, laparotomy was performed and the diagnosed confirmed. The patient died on day 14 of surgery due to secondary pulmonary complications. Post-operative pancreatitis is a low-frequency, high-mortality acknowledged complication. Even though most cases are secondary to biliarypancreatic and surrounding pancreas area surgery, it has also been described in some instances of distant surgery such as the present case. Alcohol consumption, biliary lithiasis, prior cholecystectomy and diabetes are predisposing factors. High amylase values do not always accompany this condition. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for the patient's prognosis. Respiratory complications are the usual cause of death in these patients.
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PMID:[Necrotizing pancreatitis following radical cystectomy for infiltrating bladder carcinoma]. 988 16

Despite the uncommon clinical diagnosis, cats frequently suffer from disorders of the exocrine pancreas. Pancreatitis is the most common feline exocrine pancreatic disorder. Pancreatitis can be acute or chronic and mild or severe. The etiology of most cases of feline pancreatitis is idiopathic. Some cases have been associated with severe abdominal trauma, infectious diseases, cholangiohepatitis, and organophosphate and other drug intoxication. The clinical presentation of cats with pancreatitis is nonspecific. Vomiting and signs of abdominal pain, which are the clinical signs most commonly observed in humans and dogs with pancreatitis, are only uncommonly observed in cats with pancreatitis. Routine laboratory findings are also nonspecific. Abdominal ultrasonography is a valuable diagnostic tool in feline patients with pancreatitis. Serum activities of lipase and amylase are rarely increased in cats with pancreatitis; however, these cats often have elevated serum fTLI concentrations. The goals of management are removal of the inciting cause, provision of supportive and symptomatic therapy, and careful monitoring for and aggressive treatment of systemic complications. Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency is a syndrome caused by insufficient synthesis of pancreatic digestive enzymes by the exocrine portion of the pancrease. The clinical signs most commonly reported are weight loss, loose and voluminous stools, and greasy soiling of the hair coat. Serum fTLI is subnormal in affected cats. Treatment of cats with EPI consists of enzyme supplementation with powdered pancreatic extracts or raw beef pancreas. Many cats with EPI have concurrent small intestinal disease. Most cats with EPI also have severely decreased serum cobalamin concentrations and may require parenteral cobalamin supplementation. Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is the most common neoplastic condition of the exocrine pancreas in the cat. At the time of diagnosis, the tumor has already metastasized in most cases, and the prognosis is poor. Pancreatic pseudocyst, pancreatic abscess, pancreatic parasites, pancreatic bladder, and nodular hyperplasia are other exocrine pancreatic disorders, that are less commonly seen in cats.
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PMID:Feline exocrine pancreatic disorders. 1020 2

Acute pancreatitis is a rare finding in childhood but probably more common than is generally realized. This condition should be considered in the evaluation of children with vomiting and abdominal pain, because it can cause significant morbidity and mortality. Clinical suspicion is required to make the diagnosis, especially when the serum amylase concentration is normal. Recurrent pancreatitis may be familial as a result of inherited biochemical or anatomic abnormalities. Patients with hereditary pancreatitis are at high risk for pancreatic cancer.
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PMID:Childhood pancreatitis. 1032 57


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