Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Results of an investigation of 134 subjects with atopic dermatitis and 29 controls are described. The investigation involved: 1) an allergological enquiry into each patient's medical history, with particular reference to consumption of eggs, milk and fish; 2) a total IgE assay; 3) RAST with egg, milk, cod; 4) a challenge test. Recording of medical histories revealed the existence of clinical sensitivity to egg, milk and cod in respectively 21, 17 and 7 of the 134 subjects with atopic dermatitis, but in none of the controls. In the atopic subjects, RAST demonstrated egg, milk and cod antibodies in 37, 28 and 14 cases respectively, while of the controls only 2 had antibodies--and then in minimal amounts. The maximum incidence of egg and milk antibodies was demonstrated in the initial 3 years of life. Clinical sensitization to cod manifests itself in the form of attacks (urticaria, angi-oedema, vomiting) showing significant correlation between clinical history, results of RAST and the response to challenge, while in the case of sensitivity to eggs and, even less evidently, to milk, the symptoms are more often referred to as "exacerbation of the dermatosis" and the results of RAST, of challenging and the clinical history tend to be contradictory.
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PMID:Food allergy in atopic dermatitis: experimental observations. 8 31

A 56-year-old man was started on therapy with isoniazid after exhibiting a positive reaction to an intradermal injection of intermediate-strength purified protein derivative of tuberculin. After the first dose and each of the following three doses, nausea, vomiting, chills, and an elevated body temperature ranging from 38 degrees C (100.4 degrees F) to 40 degrees C (104. degrees F) occurred. There was no evidence of a hypersensitivity reaction to isoniazid, such as cutaneous rash, eosinophilia, elevated concentration of IgE, and abnormal results on tests of hepatic function. Following discontinuance of therapy with isoniazid, the temperature returned to normal. This experience illustrates the potential of isoniazid to cause febrile reactions, a situation that could be misdiagnosed as an infectious process.
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PMID:Isoniazid-induced fever. 42 57

The confusing area of cow's milk intolerance is explored in an attempt to define the various mechanisms whereby milk affects gastrointestinal function, resulting in clinical symptoms (diarrhea, vomiting, gastrointestinal bleeding, etc.). The adverse reaction of infants to cow's milk ingestion may relate to lactose intolerance (enzymatic), a direct toxic reaction to the mucosal surface resulting in epithelial damage, or it may be immunologically mediated. Factors such as increased intestinal permeability to milk proteins during the newborn period may also contribute to susceptibility of young infants to milk sensitivity. The relative roles of systemic (milk agglutinins) and local immunity (SIgA antibodies) in milk intolerance are discussed and differential immunologic responses (IgE versus IgA/IgM) considered in the pathogenesis. It was concluded that new techniques such as organ culture of intestinal biopsy specimens are needed to establish the diagnosis of hypersensitivity and to begin to provide ways of adequately treating the condition.
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PMID:Effect of cow's milk on the gastrointestinal tract: a persistent dilemma for the pediatrician. 56 40

The serum levels of immunoglobulins at various times throughout pregnancy were measured in 11 healthy women. The concentrations of IgG, IgA, and IgM decreased significantly in the second and third trimesters, the mean decreases at the second trimester being 18, 13, and 9%, respectively. When the decreases were expressed on the basis of serum total protein, the decreases in IgG and IgA were significant but the decrease in IgM was not. The level of IgE either decreased or increased during pregnancy. Maternal age, emesis, ABO-incompatibility, and the sex and weight of the baby at birth were not related to the initial concentration or to the extent of decrease of immunoglobulins during pregnancy. In a case of Rh incompatibility, increase of immunoglobulins was observed concomitantly with the transient appearance of anti-Rh(D) antibody. Immunoglobulin depletion in pregnancy seems to result from both immune suppression and hemodilution.
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PMID:Changes of serum immunoglobulins IgG, IgA, IgM, and IgE during pregnancy. 71 21

A total of 105 "high-risk" infants born in 1988 were studied prospectively from birth to 18 months of age. The infants were recommended breastfeeding and/or hypoallergenic formula (Nutramigen or Profylac) combined with avoidance of solid foods during the first 6 months of life. All mothers had unrestricted diet. Avoidance of daily exposure to tobacco smoke, furred pets and dust-collecting materials in the bedroom were advised. This prevention group was compared with a control group consisting of 54 identically defined "high-risk" infants born in 1985 in the same area. All infants had either severe single atopic predisposition combined with cord blood IgE > or = 0.5 KU/l or biparental atopic predisposition. The control group had unrestricted diet and was not advised about environmental factors. Apart from the prevention programme and year of birth the prevention group and the control group were comparable. The parents were highly motivated and compliance was good. The rate of participation was 97%, and 85% followed the dietary measures strictly. The cumulative prevalence of atopic symptoms was significantly lower at 18 months in the prevention group (32%), as compared with the control group (74%) (p < 0.01), due to reduced prevalence of recurrent wheezing (13% versus 37%; p < 0.01), atopic dermatitis (14% versus 31%; p < 0.01), vomiting/diarrhoea (5% versus 20%; p < 0.01) and infantile colic (9% versus 24%; p < 0.01). The cumulative prevalence of food allergy was significantly lower in the prevention group (6% versus 17%; p < 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Effect of an allergy prevention programme on incidence of atopic symptoms in infancy. A prospective study of 159 "high-risk" infants. 148 60

A 58-year-old female was admitted to our hospital with nausea, vomiting, and gait disturbance of 1 year duration. Postcontrast computed tomographic scans demonstrated enhanced lesions in the left cerebellopontine angle (CPA), the retrosellar region, the right parasellar region, and the left parietooccipital convexity. The left parieto-occipital tumor was totally removed in the first operation and the left CPA tumor was partially removed in the second. The histological diagnosis of both tumors was xanthogranuloma. She also had cutaneous lesions (subcutaneous nodules without tenderness) and an ureteral stenosis possibly due to the retroperitoneal involvement. A skin biopsy demonstrated infiltration of xanthoma cells and foamy cells in the dermis. A gallium scintigram demonstrated an abnormal uptake in the thoracic cavity, liver, and bones. From these findings, systemic Weber-Christian disease was diagnosed. Another unique aspect was that the serum IgE levels were increased during postoperative hospitalization. This suggests that abnormal immunological conditions are related to this disease and that intracranial xanthogranulomas are a manifestation of systemic Weber-Christian disease.
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PMID:Multiple intracranial xanthogranulomas--case report. 171 Mar 26

Allergic reactions have been described as an occupational hazard among nurses and pharmaceutical workers who handle psyllium-containing laxatives. This study reports the case of a 38-year-old female nurse who ingested a bowl of psyllium-containing Heartwise Cereal (Kelloggs, Battle Creek, MI) and 25 minutes later developed severe systemic anaphylaxis manifested by hypotension, a feeling of constriction in the throat, hoarseness, dyspnea, wheezing, generalized pruritus, urticaria, and vomiting. She was treated with epinephrine, normal saline, diphenhydramine, and methylprednisolone, and recovered completely. Subsequent IgE immunoblot assay was strongly reactive to psyllium. Ingestion of psyllium-containing breakfast foods by sensitized individuals can be associated with life-threatening systemic anaphylaxis.
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PMID:Systemic anaphylaxis after ingestion of a psyllium-containing breakfast cereal. 186

This paper proposes that the mammalian immune response known as "allergy" evolved as a last line of defense against the extensive array of toxic substances that exist in the environment in the form of secondary plant compounds and venoms. Whereas nonimmunological defenses typically can target only classes of toxins, the immune system is uniquely capable of the fine-tuning required to target selectively the specific molecular configurations of individual toxins. Toxic substances are commonly allergenic. The pharmacological chemicals released by the body's mast cells during an IgE antibody-mediated allergic response typically cause vomiting diarrhea, coughing, tearing, sneezing, or scratching, which help to expel from the body the toxic substance that triggered the response; individuals frequently develop aversions to substances that have triggered such responses. A strong allergic response often includes a decrease in blood pressure, which slows the rate at which toxins circulate to target organs. The immune system identifies as toxic the following kinds of substances: (1) those low-molecular-weight substances that bind covalently to serum proteins (e.g., many plant toxins); (2) nontoxic proteins that act as carriers of toxins with low molecular weights (e.g., plant proteins associated with plant toxins); (3) specific substances of high molecular weight that harmed individuals in ancestral mammalian populations for a span of time that was significant from the standpoint of natural selection (e.g., the toxic proteins of bee venom. Substances that bind covalently to serum proteins generally are acutely toxic, and because many of these substances also bind covalently to the DNA of target cells, they are potentially mutagenic and carcinogenic as well. Thus, by protecting against acute toxicity, allergy may also defend against mutagens and carcinogens. The toxic hypothesis explains the main phenomena of allergy; why IgE-mediated allergies usually occur within minutes of exposure to an allergen and why they are often so severe; why the manifestations of allergy include vomiting, diarrhea, coughing, sneezing, scratching, tearing, and a drop in blood pressure; why covalent binding of low-molecular-weight substances to serum proteins frequently causes allergy; why allergies occur to many foods, pollens, venoms, metals, and drugs; why allergic cross-reactivity occurs to foods and pollen from unrelated botanical families; why allergy appears to be so capricious and variable; and why allergy is more prevalent in industrial societies than it is in foraging societies. This hypothesis also has implications for the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of allergy.
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PMID:The function of allergy: immunological defense against toxins. 205 71

Systemic mast cell disease (SMCD) is a rare disease often associated with symptoms of general malaise, pruritus, diarrhea, vomiting, fever, urticaria pigmentosa, hepatosplenomegaly and lymphadenopathy. We reported a case of SMCD associated with cutaneous xanthoma and serum hyper IgE. Skin biopsy revealed xanthomas and diffuse infiltration of mast cells in the dermis. The association of SMCD with xanthoma was reported in the literature for only one case. The hyper IgE could be due to the defect of IgE receptors on the cell membrane of mast cells of dysfunction of T and/or B cell. Any of the treatment using H1 and H2 receptor blockade, disodium cromoglycate, adrenocorticosteroid or chemotherapy (VEPA) were not effective. The patient died of pulmonary edema and multiple organ failure 7 months after the diagnosis was established. The crush method for the cytological examination of bone marrow was considered more useful than smear method for the diagnosis of SMCD.
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PMID:[Systemic mast cell disease associated with cutaneous xanthomas and markedly elevated serum IgE]. 224 20

A total of 65 patients with food allergy which manifested primarily by disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, bronchi and skin were placed under observation. The patients were administered sodium chromoglycate (nalcrom) per os in a dose of 200 mg 4 times a day for 2-3 weeks, in part of cases up to 3 months and even up to 1-1.5 year. The skin manifestations of allergy (pruritus, urticaria, Quincke's edema, and eczematous rash), abdominal pain, diarrhea, vomiting, bronchospasm, rhinitis, and conjunctivitis disappeared. At the same time the majority of the patients demonstrated the reduction of the intensity of skin responses to the administration of different food antigens, the decrease of the antibody titer in blood serum in response to food antigens, and of the IgE content in blood. The side effects (nausea, heartburn, intensification of skin itch and abdominal pain) were noted in 4 cases.
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PMID:[Treatment of patients with food allergy using Nalcrom]. 249 73


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