Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A prospective study was conducted to determine if the emetic effects of syrup of ipecac are preserved when activated charcoal is administered prior to emesis. Ten overdose patients who fulfilled the entrance criteria for the study were administered 60 mL syrup of ipecac by a nasogastric tube followed immediately by 500 mL of tap water. Ten minutes after the ipecac was administered, an aqueous slurry of 50 g activated charcoal diluted to 500 mL was instilled down the nasogastric tube and the tube was removed. Emetic response and time to emesis were recorded. Thirty minutes after emesis subsided, a second dose of 50 g activated charcoal (with sorbitol) was administered orally. Emetic responses were noted in all ten patients. The patients averaged 3.7 emetic episodes. Emesis commenced in an average of 13.8 minutes from the start of ipecac administration and concluded in an average of 45.9 minutes. These results in patients are similar to those observed in a previously reported volunteer group similarly treated. This protocol allows early administration of activated charcoal while preserving the emetic properties of syrup of ipecac in the patients treated.
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PMID:A clinical trial using syrup of ipecac and activated charcoal concurrently. 287 88

A 38-year-old man was admitted to Iwakuni National Hospital on July 6, 1978, with the complaints of difficulty seeing and walking. Two weeks before admission, he first experienced dizziness and it slowly progressed to uncontrollable tremor-like movements of the whole body. On admission, he was alert, oriented and afebrile. He had not experienced nausea, vomiting nor headache. He showed irregular horizontal oscillations of the eyes. Electronystagmographic study showed that this jerky eye movement appeared especially with changes of fixation of the eyes. It was also recorded during conjugate eye movement, and while he closed his eyes. He was ataxic, unable to walk, but no other abnormalities in cerebellar functions were observed. Spinal tap was performed and yielded watery clear cerebrospinal fluid containing 9/mm3 mononuclear cells. Clonazepam was given, 1.5 mg per day, for three days followed by doses of 3 mg per day. Improvement in walking was observed one week after starting the medication, when reserpine was started at a dose of 1 mg per day and increased to a dose of 1.5 mg per day in three days. One week after starting reserpine, opsoclonus improved markedly and he became able to read again. He was discharged home on September 3, 1978. Six months after admission, reserpine was decreased to 0.5 mg per day. Difficulty in reading developed within a month. Reserpine was given 1.0 mg per day and the doses was continuously given for next three months. One year after admission, he is back to his former occupation without medication. He complains of slight difficulty in reading for more than an hour, and in watching TV.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Opsoclonus-polymyoclonia syndrome suppressed with reserpine]. 371 80

A case, a 18-year-old male, of an endodermal sinus tumor (yolk sac tumor) in the fourth ventricle, was reported. The patient had a month history of headache, vomiting and gait disturbance prior to the hospitalization, when he admitted to our service he was in lethargic condition with left cerebellar ataxia and horizontal nystagmus. Lumbar tap revealed clear CSF under normal pressure of 110 mm H2O with the CSF protein of 432.5 mg/dl and cell count of 147/3. The vertebral angiography demonstrated space occupying lesion in the posterior fossa. Plain CT demonstrated only disappearance of the fourth ventricle and slightly dilated bilateral ventricles and third ventricle. However diffuse high density area around the fourth ventricle was demonstrated and the wall of bilateral anterior horn was slightly enhanced, after injection of contrast media. There was no other abnormal findings around the pineal region. Suboccipital craniectomy was performed and the tumor was totally removed macroscopically. The tumor was situated in th floor of the fourth ventricle and infiltrated into the fourth ventricular wall and th adjacent cerebellar tissue. The tumor was with soft, greyish color and extremely vascular. Histologically the tumor was diagnosed as endodermal sinus tumor according to Teilum's classification. There were stellate cells arranged in a loose with vacuolated network which formed cystic cavities and a complicated network of honeycomb appearance with a system of communicating cavities and channels. Various size of intra- and extracellular PAS-positive hyaline globules were also seen. Glomerular-like structure (Schiller-Duval body) was not observed. Immunoperoxidase study clearly demonstrated the presence of intra- and extracytoplasmic alpha-fetoprotein granules in the tumor tissue. The amount of the serum alpha-fetoprotein, measured by radioimmunoassay, showed 400 ng/ml. After irradiation in the posterior fossa (5000 rad) the patient was discharged. Three months later, follow up CT demonstrated small high density area in the anterior horn of the left lateral ventricle, so he was rehospitalised. Irradiation in the whole brain was again administered. The tumor was very radiosensitive. CT, after 800 rad, demonstrated complete disappearance of the tumor. After irradiation totally (3000 rad), he discharged with left cerebellar ataxia.
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PMID:[Primary endodermal sinus tumor of the fourth ventricle (author's transl)]. 616 17

A 57-year-old woman complained of severe headache and vomiting of a week's duration. Spinal tap showed bloody CSF and cerebral angiography revealed the "true" posterior communicating artery aneurysm. Left frontotemporal osteoplastic craniotomy and trapping of the aneurysm were performed on August 28, 1979. After operation right hemiplegia, left oculomotor palsy and the disturbance of consciousness developed. Postoperative CT scan showed a hemorrhagic infarction at the left basal ganglia. Since then she has been getting better and was discharged, able to walk, from our hospital 6 months after operation. We considered the anatomical importance of perforating arteries from posterior communicating artery and propose that true posterior communicating artery aneurysm should be classified separately from our experiences and literature.
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PMID:[A case of "true" posterior communicating artery aneurysm (author's transl)]. 729 Mar 21

In 320 cases contrast investigations of the vertebral column were carried out injecting by lumbar tap Metrizamide in 174 cases and Amipaque in 126 cases. In 259 cases the investigation was limited to the lumbar part, in 25 cases to the thoracic part, and in 19 cases to the cervical part of the spine. In 12 cases the whole vertebral canal was explored in this way. In 5 cases only epidurography was done. Very good or good contrast filling of the dural sac was obtained in the thoracolumbar segment using contrast medium 200 mg I/ml. In some cases this degree of concentration was inadequate for good visualization of the cervical segment. Side effects included headaches in 52%, nausea in 15%, vomiting in 4% of cases. In 28% of cases fever up to 38 degrees C was observed on the first day after the procedure. In 8 cases of repeated radiculography no evidence of arachnitis was demonstrated.
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PMID:[Radiodiagnosis of the spinal canal using a nonionic contrast medium]. 734 2

We report a case of pneumocephalus following the attempted treatment of a postdural puncture headache by a continuous epidural saline infusion. Within 1 hour of infusion, symptoms of a severe headache, nausea, and vomiting prompted a computerized tomographic scan of the head that showed 12 to 15 ml of air in the cranium. The epidural space was located easily with the loss-of-resistance technique using 3 ml of air. A saline bolus and infusion were initiated after confirmation of correct placement of the epidural catheter. We suggest that air passed from the negative-pressure epidural space through the dural puncture created by the diagnostic spinal tap, producing a pneumocephalus.
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PMID:Pneumocephalus following the treatment of a postdural puncture headache with an epidural saline infusion. 788 May 16

An accidental spill of phenol (100%) into the Nakdong river with subsequent contamination of the tap water for about two million consumers in Teagu city of Korea occurred in March 1991. A historical cohort study of 6,913 individuals was undertaken to determine association with illness. Population subjects were divided into two groups of exposed and unexposed. Exposed subjects were reported to have significantly more phenol associated symptoms than those in a nearby unexposed area (39.6% vs. 9.4%, p < 0.01). Especially, in the related symptoms, highly significant differences were noted in the number of subjects reporting gastrointestinal illness such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or abdominal pain. During the accident, study subjects who experienced peculiar taste or odor in the tap water were significantly more in the exposed areas (92% vs. 34.3%).
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PMID:Illness associated with contamination of drinking water supplies with phenol. 799 88

Awareness regarding different aspects of prevention and treatment of diarrheal diseases among parents in rural and urban areas of Patna district were studied. Survey was done in 245 households from 30 villages of Bihta block and about 275 households from 30 different mohallas of Patna town. All aspects were poorly known to the rural community, particularly the illiterates and a large segment of literates of Bihta block. Rural people were significantly less aware than their urban counterparts regarding value of prolonged breast feeding, spoon feeding rather than bottle feeding, using hand pump and tap water for drinking and using latrine for nightsoil disposal in preventing diarrhea. Utility of measles immunization in prevention of diarrhea was unknown to the community. Generally parents thought antidiarrheal drugs a must for treatment. Knowledge regarding ORS and its use in diarrhea and vomiting was very poor and significant difference (p < 0.001) in awareness was observed between educated and illiterates. Majority parents did not know the correct method of preparation and uses of ORS and SSS. Due to high literacy rate and health consciousness, the educated and majority of literate parents of Patna town were better aware, more factual and had rational view regarding causes, method of prevention, fundamentals of use of ORS and home management of diarrhea in children, although certain aspects are yet to be cleared to them.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Awareness of diarrheal disease control in rural and urban areas of Bihar. 807 33

A case of a large empty sella was reported, which was intrasellar herniation of the third ventricle associated with a prolactinoma. The patient was a 46-year-old female admitted due to consciousness disturbance with pyrexia and vomiting. She had amenorrhea, galactorrhea and sterility in her past history. On admission, physical and neurological examinations revealed severe dehydration, systemic edema, systemic hypotension, nuchal rigidity, papilloedema and goiter. A spinal tap was performed and revealed an increase in CSF pressure. Laboratory data indicated CSF lymphocytosis, an increase in CSF protein content, high titers of serum microsome test, a low concentration of anterior pituitary hormones in serum except for PRL, and an unusually high concentration of PRL in serum and CSF (4680 and 222ng/ml, respectively). Plain films of the skull showed destructive enlargement of the sella turcica. The patient was diagnosed as having non-bacterial meningitis, chronic thyroiditis and a prolactinoma with hypopituitarism and was then admitted to our department. Except for amenorrhea she was asymptomatic under the administration of levothyroxine, hydrocortisone and bromocriptine. CT scan, MRI, pneumoencephalography and CT cisternography as further examinations disclosed the intrasellar herniation of cisterns and the third ventricle, which were surrounded by an intrasellar parenchymal layer. This layer was thought to be still viable prolactinoma tissue. We supposed the third ventricle entered the enlarged sellar cavity following the spontaneous degeneration of the large prolactinoma. Although we could find some documented reports of similar cases, the complete herniation of the third ventricle secondary to degeneration of an adenoma might be rare.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Empty sella as an intrasellar herniation of the third ventricle secondary to spontaneous degeneration of a prolactinoma]. 813 65

Activated charcoal is often given through small-bore tubing for pediatric patients or in attempts to bypass the stomach in patients who are vomiting. The viscosity makes activated charcoal difficult to administer through small-bore tubing. This in vitro study examined several interventions to facilitate flow of aqueous suspension activated charcoal through the small-bore tubing. Aqueous suspension activated charcoal with or without sorbitol had similar flow rates. Precoating the tubing with mineral oil gave only minimal increases in flow rate. A 10% dilution decreased the time to administer 240 ccs of aqueous suspension activated charcoal by 2/3. An additional 10% dilution reduced the time to administer the same dose a further 50%. Minimal dilution of aqueous suspension activated charcoal with tap water greatly increased flow rate through small-bore tubes.
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PMID:Enhanced activated charcoal delivery through small-bore tubing. 815 7


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