Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A questionnaire has been completed by 99 patients referred for investigation of symptoms after gastric operations. The replies were analysed in an attempt to distinguish patients with a recurrent peptic ulcer from those with no recurrent ulcer. All cases were investigated by barium meal, endoscopy, and oral cholecystography. All recurrent ulcers were confirmed by reoperation and patients with gastric carcinoma, gallstones, or symptomatic hiatus hernia were excluded. The study was retrospective in 40 patients in whom the diagnosis was already confirmed when the questionnaire was analysed and prospective in 59 in whom the diagnosis was originally unknown. The replies were analysed with (a) a small computer using Bayes' theorem, (b) weighted tables, and (c) a discriminant analysis. The computer prediction of the prospective data was 85% accurate. The results of simpler methods were almost as good as the computer prediction, and questions related only to the severity of pain and vomiting accurately distinguished recurrent ulcer from other causes of dyspepsia in 81% of patients.
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PMID:A symptomatic discriminant to identify recurrent ulcer in patients with dysperpsia after gastric surgery. 5 52

A 3 1/2 year old boy presented with a history of vomiting and generalized oedema. Biochemically proven protein losing enteropathy was associated with huge gastric fundal rugae on barium examination. Gastroscopy confirmed the barium findings but biopsy material demonstrated normal mucosa. The condition regressed on a high protein diet. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) was found in the urine after the illness had subsided.
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PMID:A case of hypertrophic protein losing gastropathy. 22 55

A 69-year-old woman had a large gallstone eroded through the wall of the gallbladder and into the duodenum. The gallstone became fixed within the cholecystoduodenal fistula and produced a duodenal obstruction. At the time of the diagnosis of this problem, the patient had had a three-week period of epigastric pain and prolonged vomiting. She was treated by removal of the stone and cholecystectomy. The duodenal fistula was closed in two layers, and a gastrojejunostomy and a truncal vagotomy were carried out to protect the duodenal suture line. A leak from the duodenal closure developed on the fourth day, but this subsided spontaneously after 15 days with the use of sump drainage. Six months later, the patient is doing well and has a normal duodenum and gastrojejunostomy as shown by upper gastrointestinal barium study.
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PMID:Gallstone perforation and obstruction of the duodenal bulb. 43 41

Eighty-three infants and children underwent surgical correction of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) from 1973 to 1978. Fifty-four patients had coexistent brain damage (most commonly due to cerebral palsy), eight were previously treated for esophageal atresia, and four had gastroschisis or omphalocele repair. Clinical presentation included failure to thrive in 64 patients, vomiting in 59, and recurrent bouts of aspiration pneumonitis in 43. Barium roentgenography showed GER in 61 patients, whereas additional tests (particularly pH monitoring) were required for detection of GER in 22 patients. After failure of medical management, transabdominal Nissen fundoplication was performed in 80 cases and a Hill repair in three cases. The surgical mortality was zero, but there were five late deaths. Results were considered excellent in 54 patients, good in 22 patients, and poor in seven. Ten of 12 patients with preoperative stricture responded to dilation after fundoplication. Nissen fundoplication was a safe and effective antireflux procedure in 76 of the 83 cases.
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PMID:Gastroesophageal reflux in infants and children. Diagnosis and management. 43 65

Three healthy, young adults suddenly experienced the onset of slow gastric emptying. Their symptoms began in February, 1975 in association with a brief illness consistent with a viral gastroenteritis. They complained of early satiety, nausea, and vomiting when they ate solid food and they had lost 11-25 kg in body weight in 8-12 mo. On admission, their physical examinations and laboratory studies were within normal limits. Their stomachs emptied a barium mixture normally, and fiberoptic endoscopy did not detect any abnormalities. The slowed gastric emptying of food was documented with radioisotopic gastric emptying studies. The prolonged emptying rates of 2 patients were reduced 90% with metoclopramide. In association with metoclopramide therapy, the patients were able to eat more food, and they regained 8-10 kg of body weight in 4-6 mo. Their histories raise the possibility that their initial illness may have damaged the mechanisms which control the gastric emptying of food.
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PMID:Sudden onset of slow gastric emptying of food. 45 51

A case report of subacute, reversible ischemic colitis associated with use of oral contraceptives (OCs) is reported. A 19-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital with chief complaints of abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and rectal bleeding of 2 days' duration. Past medical history and family history were noncontributory. The patient was receiving no medication other than Norinyl 2 (2 mg of norethindrone and .1 mg of mestranol), which she had been taking for 6 months. 2 days before admission the patient had taken 100 mg of dimenhydrinate and 2 ExLax tablets (90 mg of phenolphthalein) for constipation. Colonic roentgenograms revealed impaired mesenteric circulation and bowel ischemia; OC-induced ischemic bowel disease was diagnosed. Patient symptoms subsided within 96 hours of discontinuing the OC and initiating supportive therapy (including intravenous fluid infusion, nasogastric suction, analgesics, and antiemetics). When a repeat barium enema was performed, it showed resolution of the ischemia. In a short review following the case report, these drugs were indicted in causation of colitis-like syndrome: amoxicillin, ampicillin, cephazolin, chloramphenicol, chlorpropamide, clindamycin, cloxacillin, cotrimoxasole, cyclophosphamide, digitalis, ergotamine tartrate, flucytosine, fluorouracil, gold salts, laxative and cathartic abuse, mercurous chloride, methyldopa, penicillin V, and tetracycline. Ischemic bowel disease secondary to OC use is a rare but important complication because of its significant morbidity and potential mortality, and because of the widespread use of the drugs. The case report emphasizes the need to consider the differential diagnosis of acute vascular insult with bowel ischemia when acute abdominal pain progressing to bloody diarrhea occurs in young women taking OCs.
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PMID:Oral contraceptive-induced ischemic bowel disease. 48 72

The symptoms, diagnosis, and management of three patients with gastrocolic fistula secondary to benign peptic ulcer disease are reviewed. To our knowledge, this brings the total of such cases reported in the literature to 50. The most frequent symptoms were abdominal pain, weight loss, diarrhea, and vomiting followed by anemia, foul eructations, and fecal vomiting. Barium meal demonstrated the fistula in about 70% of the patients, whereas barium enema examination demonstrated the fistula in nearly all of them. The diagnostic workup should rule out the possibility of a malignant cause for the fistula. The surgical management of these patients consists of the one-stage, when possible, resection of the involved portion of the antrum and the fistula of the transverse colon with appropriate reconstruction of gastrointestinal continuity. An increased awareness of the benign cause of some gastrocolic fistulas is necessary to avoid unduly extensive surgery in these cases.
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PMID:Gastrocolic fistula as a complication of benign gastric ulcer. 53 62

Fibre-optic endoscopy of the upper gastro-intestinal tract has been successfully performed in 55 patients (60 examinations) with one complication related to general anaesthesia. Fifty-six of these examinations were performed under general anaesthesia in children ranging from 1 to 14 years. Four examinations were done without an anaesthetic. The instruments used were the Olympus GIF-K (forward oblique gastroscope) in the older children and the GIF-P2 (end-viewing paediatric gastroscope) in the younger patients. Indications for examination included gastro-intestinal bleeding, confirmation or exclusion of peptic ulceration as suspected on barium studies, persistent and recurrent vomiting, chronic abdominal pain, and the evaluation of gastro-oesophageal reflux. The need for careful selection of patients is emphasized since general anaesthesia is considered essential in the majority of chidren.
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PMID:Upper gastro-intestinal endoscopy in chidren. 55 Apr 8

2-Methylamino-4-N-methylpiperazino-5-methylthio-6-chloropyrimidine hydrochloride (O 6553) is a new molecule showing an original pharmacological profile in the laboratory tests. It possesses at the same time potent gastro-intestinal prokinetic and central antiemetic properties, demonstrated on the one hand by the gastro-duodenal transit of barium meal in rats, and on the other hand by apomorphine-induced vomiting in dogs. The drug also has interesting anxiolytic and antiserotonin properties and, at doses which change gastro-intestinal behaviour, it is devoid of any untoward side effect. The acute and subacute toxicities of O 6553 show that the drug has a very good safety margin.
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PMID:Gastrointestinal prokinetic and antiemetic effects of a new substituted pyrimidinO 6553 (2-methylamino-4-N-methylpiperazino-5-thiomethyl-6-chloropyrimidine hydrochloride). 57 27

A case of lactobezoar is described in an eleven weeks old infant with a history of prolonged vomiting and constipation. The feeding history revealed no abnormalities, but unusually high environmental temperatures plus increased sweating may have been responsible for the formation of the gastric milk coagulum which presented as a firm epigastric tumour persisting for several weeks. An abdominal neuroblastoma was suspected but the correct diagnosis was established by a barium meal. Conservative therapy with parenteral fluids and gentle gastric lavage resulted in prompt disintegration of the lactobezoar. The 9 previously reported cases in the literature are briefly discussed.
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PMID:Lactobezoar in an infant: an unusual cause of upper abdominal tumour persisting for several weeks. Case report and review of the literature. 57 98


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