Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Zygomycosis is an uncommon, but frequently fatal, fungal infection caused by members of the class Zygomycetes. The risk factors include diabetes mellitus, uremia, leukemia and use of deferoxamine as an iron-chelating agent; healthy persons also are occasionally infected. Those fungi, spread by their ubiquitous spores, most frequently involve the respiratory system. Rhinocerebral zygomycosis occurs predominantly in patients with uncontrolled diabetic ketoacidosis. Pulmonary zygomycosis most frequently is observed in granulocytopenic and corticosteroid-treated patients. Other clinical manifestations are gastrointestinal, cutaneous, disseminated and miscellaneous. This report concerns a previously robust farmer who suffered from left upper lung abscess caused by Rhizopus spp.-one member of the order Mucorales. Initially, it was intended to administer amphotericin B to a total dose of 2,000 mg; however, the patient could not tolerate such side effects as nausea, vomiting and refused further management when the cumulative dose was 948 mg. However, he did recover without further fever and cough. Chest X-ray, followed every three months, disclosed satisfactory improvement.
 ...
PMID:Zygomycotic lung abscess: a case report. 755 21

Iron poisoning is the most common cause of overdose mortality in children under six years of age and there are no reports of survival with iron levels > 2687 mumol/L (> 15,000 micrograms/dL). A 22-month-old male was brought to the emergency department by his parents after ingesting an estimated 50 ferrous sulfate tablets (60 mg elemental iron/tablet) several hours earlier. Despite spontaneous emesis and gastric lavage his condition deteriorated and he was found to have a serum iron of 2992 mumol/L (16,706 micrograms/dL). During the first four days in the intensive care unit, he developed coma, metabolic acidosis, hypovolemic and cardiogenic shock, liver failure, coagulopathy and adult respiratory distress syndrome. He was treated with a unique deferoxamine dosage schedule (25 mg/kg/h for 12 h/d x 3 d), mechanical ventilation, Swan-Ganz catheter monitoring, dopamine/nitroprusside therapy, blood product, bicarbonate, electrolyte and volume replacement. After a prolonged hospital course complicated primarily by gastric outlet obstruction he was dismissed on full oral feedings, gaining weight, and neurologically intact. Swan-Ganz catheter monitoring guided the management of this patient's shock, iron-induced cardiac failure, and deferoxamine mesylate induced adult respiratory distress syndrome. Further experience and research is required to determine the most appropriate deferoxamine mesylate dosing schedule and our experience expands the range for possible survival after massive iron overdose.
 ...
PMID:Survival after a severe iron poisoning treated with intermittent infusions of deferoxamine. 783 15

For the four year period 1990-1993, we retrospectively reviewed all cases of iron ingestion reported to a regional poison control center that had serum iron levels in the 300-500 micrograms/dL range and did not receive deferoxamine. A total of 32 patients did not undergo deferoxamine therapy or challenge testing. The mean age was 6.7 years (range five months to 21 years). The mean serum iron level was 372.8 micrograms/dL (range 301-487 micrograms/dL). Ten patients (31.3%) were asymptomatic. Symptoms included vomiting in 18 (56.3%), diarrhea in six (18.8%), lethargy in one (3.1%), and transient hypotension in one patient (3.1%). No patients presented with grossly bloody emesis or stool. Fifteen patients (46.9%) were hospitalized for at least one day. Seventeen (53.1%) were treated and released from the emergency department. All 32 patients recovered without sequelae. A conservative approach without deferoxamine therapy or challenge should be considered when serum iron levels are in the 300-500 micrograms/dL range in asymptomatic patients, as well as in those with self-limited, non-bloody emesis or diarrhea without other symptoms.
 ...
PMID:Conservative management of patients with moderately elevated serum iron levels. 789 52

To avoid red blood cell (RBC) transfusions, recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) was given to an infant born at a gestation of 26 weeks and a birthweight of 830 g to parents who were Jehovah's Witnesses. The infant had hyaline membrane disease and required 52 days of assisted ventilation and 19 days of oxygen therapy. He received theophylline therapy for 61 days for recurrent apnoea and bradycardia. He developed bilateral intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) and left-sided periventricular leucomalacia (PVL). Intravenous rHuEPO was started on day 1 at 200 U/kg per day for 1 month followed by subcutaneous rHuEPO 400 U/kg three times a week for 6 more weeks, supplemented with Vitamin E, folic acid and iron. Blood sampling was kept to a minimum and non-invasive blood-gas monitoring was used consistently. Consequently, the estimated cumulative volume of blood loss from sampling was only 21 mL during his hospital stay. His haemoglobin (Hb) was 150 g/L at birth and this fell to below 100 g/L from day 25 onwards. His lowest leucocyte count was 3.6 x 10(9)/L. He was discharged on day 83 with a Hb of 95 g/L, Hct of 29%, reticulocyte count of 2.8% and weight of 2400 g. At a postnatal age of 3 months, he had a Hb of 113 g/L. At 6 months, investigations showed: Hb 121 g/L, haematocrit 33%, reticulocyte 1% and a weight of 4.4 kg. He was readmitted to hospital once for an episode of vomiting and follow up to date showed developmental delay.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Avoidance of red blood cell transfusion in an extremely preterm infant given recombinant human erythropoietin therapy. 794 52

Nine iron overloaded patients were treated with L1--Deferiprone (1,2-dimethyl-3-hydroxypyrid-4-one) in daily dose 3 g (40-50 mg/kg) for 12 weeks. In 7 patients the efficiency of L 1 treatment was compared to the therapeutic effect of the same dose of desferrioxamine (Desferal). A significant increase in urinary iron excretion was observed after administration of both chelating agents. Iron excretion after L 1 treatment was approximately 65% of that obtained with Desferal. The amount of excreted iron correlated with the amount of iron stores before chelation. A significant decrease in transferrin saturation, serum and red cell ferritin was observed after treatment with Desferal, L 1 administration caused a significant decrease only in serum ferritin level. However, all the parameters reflecting iron stores remained increased when compared to normal values after 12 weeks of chelation therapy. An incomplete absorption from gut and some reutilization of chelated iron may be responsible for less potent iron chelation by L 1 in comparison to Desferal. A low tolerance of the drug together with repeated nausea and vomiting were the most frequent adverse effects observed in the course of L1 administration. L 1 treatment had to be discontinued due to repeated vomiting in one patient and due to progressive granulocytopenia and thrombocytopenia in another patient. Because of the side effects more clinical studies with L 1 are needed before its introduction in wide clinical practice.
 ...
PMID:[Treatment of iron overload states with oral administration of the chelator agent, L1 (Deferiprone)]. 797 62

A 27-yr-old Jamaican male presented with a 2-month history of jaundice, pruritus, intermittent diarrhea, and right upper quadrant abdominal pain. Over the next month, his abdominal pain and diarrhea improved, but his jaundice and pruritus worsened. He was afebrile and profoundly jaundice, with a benign abdominal examination. Medical workup included a normal abdominal ultrasound, iron studies, ceruloplasm, and serum electrophoresis. Negative viral (Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, mononucleosis, hepatitis A, B, C) studies, ANA, AMA, ASMA, RPR were noted. He denied any alcohol, drug, or toxin exposure. Liver tests revealed total bilirubin of 25.6 mg/dl, direct bilirubin of 13.9 mg/dl, alkaline phosphatase 278 IU/L, AST 45 IU/L, and ALT 71 IU/L. Liver biopsy demonstrated centrilobular zonal necrosis and cholestasis most consistent with a toxic reaction. The patient was again interviewed regarding potential toxins, and he admitted to the ingestion of ackee fruit, a native Jamaican fruit that is illegal in the United States. Shortly after he had ceased intake of the fruit, his symptoms resolved and his liver function tests returned to normal. We present a case of chronic ackee fruit ingestion that led to cholestatic jaundice, vomiting, and abdominal pain.
 ...
PMID:Cholestatic jaundice due to ackee fruit poisoning. 807 44

The SILASTIC ring vertical gastric bypass (SRVGBP) has evolved as the rational operation to control obesity. The operation consists of a proximal vertical gastric pouch < 30 cc in size. The pouch is banded with a 5.5-cm SILASTIC ring, and this functions as the stoma which does not stretch and is large enough to allow patients to eat all varieties of food, including vegetables and meats, with minimal incidence of postprandial emesis. The continuity of the gastrointestinal tract is formed with a Roux-en-Y gastroenterostomy with each limb about 60 cm long. The bypass of the gastroduodenal axis causes decreased digestion and thus decreased absorption of fats and carbohydrates, resulting in comparably more weight loss than seen in the standard restrictive gastroplasty. The dumping experienced in this operation, which prevents patients from becoming sweet eaters and thus provides long-term weight maintenance, is not as severe as in the regular gastric bypass with a dilatable stoma. In trained hands, the morbidity and mortality from this operation is comparable to that seen in the simple restrictive gastroplasty. The complications due to this operation include staple line breakdown, marginal ulcers, stenosis, incisional hernia, dumping, and iron, vitamins A, B12, D, and E deficiencies. These deficiencies are correctable by oral or parenteral supplements as necessary. This operation yields a 90% or higher success rate (> 40% excess weight loss) in the treatment of morbid obesity [corrected].
 ...
PMID:SILASTIC ring vertical banded gastric bypass for the treatment of obesity: two years of follow-up in 84 patients [corrected]. 816 87

The effects of ferric chloride and deferoxamine, an iron chelator, on cisplatin-induced emesis were studied in Suncus murinus. Pretreatment with ferric chloride (FeCl3, 16-64 mg/kg) increased the number of 20 mg/kg cisplatin-induced vomiting episodes. Deferoxamine (256 mg/kg) significantly reduced the number of vomiting episodes and prolonged the latency. These results further support the involvement of free radicals in the generation of cisplatin-induced emesis.
 ...
PMID:Effects of iron and deferoxamine on cisplatin-induced emesis: further evidence for the role of free radicals. 818 39

Interleukin-3 treatment of juvenile rhesus monkeys elicits a dose- and time-dependent syndrome that includes urticaria, palpable lymph nodes, splenomegaly, thrombocytopenia, anemia, vomiting, diarrhea, intestinal bleeding, edema, and arthritis, apart from a strong stimulation of hemopoiesis. Arthritis was found to occur significantly more often in animals expressing the major histocompatibility complex alleles B9 and Dr5. Histological analysis revealed an abundance of mast cells in urticaria and, to a lesser extent, in lungs and synovia of arthritic joints. Active osteoclasts were abundant in ribs and arthritic joints. Extramedullary hemopoiesis was encountered in liver, spleen, and kidneys. The spleen showed deposits of hemosiderin, and in the liver, Kupffer cells were loaded with iron, indicating enhanced turnover of hemoglobin. Lymph nodes and bone marrow showed macrophages involved in hemophagocytosis, which probably contributed to the development of anemia and thrombopenia. Biochemical parameters in sera were indicative of parenchymal liver damage, with cholestasis and increased erythrocyte destruction. The side effects were strongly reduced in monkeys subjected to total body irradiation just before interleukin-3 treatment. Histamine antagonists were not significantly effective in preventing side effects, which is explained by the perpetual stimulation of basophilic granulocytes by exogenous interleukin-3. The nature of the side effects indicates that interleukin-3 may be involved in the pathogenesis of acute type hypersensitivity reactions and arthritis.
 ...
PMID:Acute side effects of homologous interleukin-3 in rhesus monkeys. 825 52

A 24 y/o male, after attempting suicide by ingesting liquid ferric chloride, presented with protracted vomiting and epigastric pain. He was noted to have leukocytosis, a metabolic acidosis and an elevated serum iron level. Hemorrhagic gastritis, coagulation defects and an increase in urine beta 2-microglobulin, indicating renal tubular damages were found in the following day. He later recovered after treatment with deferoxamine and good supportive care. This is Taiwan's first reported case of acute iron intoxication in an attempted suicide. We discussed the characteristics of this liquid form of iron intoxication, the limitations of local laboratories in providing support and how to diagnose and treat acute iron intoxication without waiting for serum iron and total iron binding capacity levels. In conclusion, to evaluate the severity of iron intoxication, a deferoxamine challenge test and the severity of symptoms and signs should be assessed without relying only on serum iron and total iron binding capacity levels. Deferoxamine and good supportive care should be given to all serious iron intoxications.
 ...
PMID:Acute iron intoxication: a case report with ferric chloride ingestion. 825 22


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>