Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Stereotactically guided procedures are performed for an ever extending range of conditions. They present a unique anesthetic challenge. In our institution, a standardized anesthetic protocol for total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) augmented by electrophysiologic monitoring with BIS or AEP monitors was introduced. We conducted a retrospective study of 21 patients (ASA status 2-3) presenting for stereotactically guided procedures who were anesthetized according to the protocol. Median duration of anesthesia was 260 minutes (222 to 325 min); on average 3.0 (1.0 to 4.2) adjustments to the TIVA-protocol were made per patient. Highest and lowest mean arterial blood pressures in relation to baselines were 100% (87.5% to 109.8%) and 68.7% (64.0% to 72.6%), respectively. Likewise highest and lowest heart rates recorded were 106.7% (98.5% to 119.0%) and 75.0% (68.2% to 83.3%). After discontinuation of TIVA, spontaneous breathing returned after 5.0 minutes (4.0 to 8.0 min), extubation was possible after 6.0 minutes (5.0 to 10.0 min) and patients were ready for discharge to the ward after 15.0 minutes (12.0 to 18.0 min). There were no cases of postoperative nausea or vomiting. We found that manually controlled TIVA, augmented by electrophysiologic monitoring, facilitated maintenance of an appropriate depth of anesthesia with stable hemodynamics and excellent recovery times.
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PMID:Manually controlled total intravenous anesthesia augmented by electrophysiologic monitoring for complex stereotactic neurosurgical procedures. 1719

The aim of the present study was to compare the perioperative hemodynamics, propofol consumption and recovery profiles of remifentanil and dexmedetomidine when used with air-oxygen and propofol, in order to evaluate a postoperative analgesia strategy and explore undesirable side-effects (nausea, vomiting, shivering). In a prospective randomized double-blind study 50 ASAI-III patients scheduled for supratentorial craniotomy, were allocated into two equal Groups. Group D patients (n = 25), received i.v. dexmedetomidine 1 microg kg(-1) as preinduction over a 15-min period and 0.2-1 microg kg(-1) hr(-1) by continuous i.v. infusion during the operation period. Group R patients (n = 25), received remifentanil 1 microg kg(-1) as induction i.v. over a 15-min period and 0.05-1 microg kg(-1) min(-1) as maintenance. The propofol infusion was started at a rate of 10 mg kg(-1) h(-1) and titrated to maintain BIS in the range 40-50. Propofol doses for induction and maintenance of anesthesia was lower with dexmedetomidine (respectively p < 0.05, p < 0.01). The time for BIS to reach 50 was significantly shorter in Group D (p < 0.01). Comparison of the parameters of recovery revealed; extubation time (p < 0.01); response to verbal commands (p < 0.05) and time for orientation (p < 0.05) were longer with Group D. With respect to Post Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU) discharge time, dexmedetomidine patients required longer time when compared to remifentanil patients to achieve their first normal neurological score (33 min vs 31 min). The earliest opioid administration was at 38 min. in the dexmedetomidine group and 33 min. in the remifentanil group. Propofol-remifentanil and propofol-dexmedetomidine are both suitable for elective supratentorial craniotomy and provide similar intraoperative hemodynamic responses and postoperative adverse events. Propofol-remifentanil allows earlier cognitive recovery; however, it leads to earlier demand for postoperative analgesics. Undesirable side-effects were similar in two Groups.
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PMID:Remifentanil-propofol vs dexmedetomidine-propofol--anesthesia for supratentorial craniotomy. 1926 28

On 21 September 2008, heavy oil penetrated the drinking water supply in Slavonski Brod, Croatia. The accident was caused by the damage of heat exchange units in hot water supply. The system was polluted until the beginning of November, when the pipeline was treated with BIS O 2700 detergent and rinsed with water. Meanwhile, water samples were taken for chemical analysis using spectrometric and titrimetric methods and for microbiological analysis using membrane filtration and total plate count. Mineral oils were determined with infrared spectroscopy. Of the 192 samples taken for mineral oil analysis, 55 were above the maximally allowed concentration (MAC). Five samples were taken for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene analysis (BTEX), but none was above MAC. Epidemiologists conducted a survey about health symptoms among the residents affected by the accident. Thirty-six complained of symptoms such as diarrhoea, stomach cramps, vomiting, rash, eye burning, chills, and gastric disorders.This is the first reported case of drinking water pollution with mineral oil in Slavonski Brod and the accident has raised a number of issues, starting from poor water supply maintenance to glitches in the management of emergencies such as this.
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PMID:[Mineral oil drinking water pollution accident in Slavonski Brod, Croatia]. 2220 69