Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The observation that estrogens in sufficient dosage given postcoitally may prevent implantation of the ovum have led to studies regarding practical clinical application. Estrogens that appear effective in humans include stilbestrol and ethinyl estradiol orally and estrone parenterally. Mestranol should also be effective as well as ORF-3858. Any estrongenic substance in sufficient dosage would probably prevent implantation. Effective period of administration is only between time of fertilization and implantation or 4 to 6 days following coitus. Test dosages have been 25-50 mg stilbestrol or .5-2 mg esthinyl estradiol daily for 5 days. It is now considered that 2-5 mg ethinyl estradiol would be more effective. In over 100 midcycle exposures there have been no pregnancies. Others have reported failures with inadequate dosage. Injectable estrone, 2-20 mg on alternate days for 3 doses, has also been reported effective. The process of implantation is discussed. Endometrial biopsies have usually revealed a "retarded endometrium," a possible mode of action. Side effects have been those usually associated with estrogens: nausea, vomiting, breast soreness, prolonged menses.
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PMID:Post-coital oral contraception. 1225 49

2 types of combined estrogen-progestogen oral contraceptives (OCs) were administered to 40 women for 3 cycles. The women were selected on the basis of willingness to participate and attend the clinic at monthly intervals as well as absences of contraindications to contraceptive steroid therapy. 32 of the women had a family income below Rs. 250/month, 15 had below Rs. 100/month, all at poverty level. Group A was given a combination of Lynestrenol 2.5 mg with Mestranol 0.75 mg (Noracycline 2.5) from day 5 to day 26 of each of 3 cycles. Group B was given Megestrol acetate 4 mg with 0.05 mg ethinyl estradiol from day 5 to day 26 of each of 3 cycles (both groups were equally divided into 20 women each). The women reported for follow-up between 22-25 days of each cycle. Blood samples were collected in 4 consecutive cycles (1st cycle was a control) and analyzed. Side effects such as nausea, vomiting, bleeding, and measures of blood pressure and weight were recorded. No significant differences were noted in mean transominases, bilirubin levels, serum proteins, or albuminium/globulin ratio and all were in normal ranges. The women's weights ranged from 26-50 kg and hemoglobin values from 9.6-12 gm. In other tests performed with low dosages of progestogens (0.5-2.5 mg) and estrogens (0.05-0.075 mg) no biochemical evidence of liver dysfunction was found except a slightly higher percentage of raised BSP retention in some series. Though gross abnormalities were not observed in commonly used parameters of liver function, it is suggested that previous liver disease with residual damage or history of idiopathic jaundice with pregnancy should be contraindications for use of these drugs. Dosage used should be minimum, compatible with efficacy for both the estrogens and the progestogens.
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PMID:Metabolic effects of contraceptive steroids IV. Liver function tests--short term observations. 1231 Apr 10