Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Neocarzinostatin (NCS) is an antibiotic from streptomyces carzinostaticus which inhibits DNA synthesis. Clinical trials in Japan began in 1971. NCS is active against S-180, Ehrlich tumor, L1210, Yoshida sarcoma, and a range of ascitic hepatomas. In rabbit NCS is distributed at high concentrations in the kidney, skin, stomach, pancreas, lung, and muscles. The high distribution in the pancreas and the stomach suggested possible effectiveness in human tumors at these sites. In clinical studies NCS has been shown to be active against acute leukemia. As a single agent 9 out of 51 obtained a CR with 9 more achieving a PR. Anorexia, nausea, and vomiting were the most frequent side effects. NCS has been tried in combination with Ara-C, daunorubicin and prednisolone and CR was ssen in 11 out of 14. In stomach cancer responses of some kind were observed in 12 out of 141 cases, while in the case of pancreatic tumors there were 10 out of 68.
 ...
PMID:Clinical investigations of neocarzinostatin in Japan. 15 99

An efficiency of the acute myeloblastic leukemia therapy has been assessed in 79 patients aged over 60 years. Twenty six patients out of this group have been treated with usual or reduced doses of doxorubicin and cytarabine (ADR-Ara-C) 35--low doses of cytarabine (LD Ara-C), 11-6-mercaptopurine (6 MP), and 7 patients died before chemotherapy. Complete remission in group treated with ADR-Ara-C was achieved in 23% of patients while partial remission in 42%. Median survival in this group was 5.8 months (range from 0.5 to 16 months). Percentage of the complete remissions in the group treated with LD-Ara-C was 6%, and partial remissions 40%. Median survival was 4.7 months (range from 0.5 to 14.2 months). Partial remission in 5 out of 11 patients treated with 6 MP (36%) and no complete remissions were noted. Median survival was 3.9 months. Therapy with ADR-Ara-C produced marked leucopenia and thrombocytopenia in the majority of treated patients. Vomiting, hemorrhagic complications, and bacterial infections have also been noted. These adverse reactions have been less frequent in patients treated with LD-Ara-C, and 6 MP. Ten patients (38%) treated with ADR-Ara-C and 7 patients treated with LD-Ara-C died during remission inducing therapy.
 ...
PMID:[Results of treating acute myeloblastic leukemia in patients over 60 years of age]. 184 11

Seven patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in first complete remission were treated with escalating high doses of cyclophosphamide, etoposide, and cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C). In all patients autologous bone marrow preservation was performed prior to therapy. Bone marrow was stored in blood bags in a refrigerator for 48-72 h at 4 degrees C and then reinfused over a central line. All patients had a full hematological recovery. The mean time of neutropenia (neutrophils less than 500/microliters) was 14 days (range 9-24 days), and the mean time of thrombocytopenia (platelets less than 20,000/microliters) was 9 days (range 7-11 days). The nonhematological toxicity was tolerable with mild to moderate nausea/vomiting, mucositis and diarrhea, and so far not dose-limiting. Six patients remain in complete remission 17+, 9+, 5+, 5+, 4+, and 1+ months after autotransplantation. One patient relapsed 8 months after autotransplantation. High-dose chemotherapy with noncryopreserved bone marrow autotransplantation may be useful as intensified consolidation for patients with AML in first complete remission.
 ...
PMID:High-dose chemotherapy with noncryopreserved autologous bone marrow transplantation for acute myeloid leukemia in first complete remission. 232 69

From December, 1985 to October, 1987, 16 patients aged from 14 to 62 (median 34) with acute leukemia in relapse (10 affected by ANLL and 6 by ALL) were treated with the following regimen: Idarubicin 12 mg/m2/day on days 1-2-3, Ara-C 600 mg/m2 twice a day from day 1 to 6. Twelve patients (75%) achieved complete remission (C.R.). Two (12%) died during the induction phase from alveolar pneumonitis. One patient was resistant. The median duration of C.R. and survival was respectively 12 (range 6 to 100 +) and 23 weeks (4 to 108 +). The median duration of granulocytopenia was 16 days (range 10 to 24 days). The most frequent non-hematological complications consisted of nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and mucositis. Four patients had hepatic and splenic microabscesses of suspected mycotic etiology, and one showed a transient cardiac arrhythmia. The C.R. rate obtained in this series may be considered satisfaying since all but 3 patients were on treatment at the time of relapse. Yet the short duration of C.R. suggests the opportunity of performing consolidation cycles or suprelethal therapy followed by bone marrow transplantation.
 ...
PMID:Idarubicin combined with intermediate-dose cytosine arabinoside in the treatment of refractory acute leukemia. 249 85

The current case study illustrates the innovative potential of combined medical and psychological treatment of postchemotherapy nausea and vomiting for cancer patients. A 58-yr-old male patient diagnosed with leukemia and on a weekly cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C) treatment protocol, experienced violent vomiting episodes approximately 3 hr. after each injection. Emesis was so severe that the patient considered terminating treatment. Control was attempted with antiemetics (Compazine, Reglan), an antianxiety agent (Valium), an hypnotic (Dalmane), canabinol, hypnosis, and relaxation training without success. A re-examination of these strategies employing experimental rigor and data-responsive experimental designs indicated how success can be achieved without the necessity of new interventions. The patient experienced complete emetic relief and at 3-yr. follow-up remained symptom-free.
 ...
PMID:Combined medical and psychological treatment of postchemotherapy nausea and vomiting: a case study. 278 Sep 30

A 57-year-old-male patient with acute myelogenous leukemia in second relapse who was refractory to BHAC . AMP [behenoyl arabinosyl cytosine (BHAC), aclacinomycin, 6-mercaptopurine and prednisolone (PSL)] and BHAC . DVP [BHAC, daunomycin, vincristine and PSL] was treated with an intermediate-dose cytosine arabinoside (ID Ara-C) regimen. This schedule consisted of a 1-h infusion of Ara-C at a dose of 500 mg/m2 every 12 h for 6 d (days 3-8), in combination with doxorubicin 50 mg/m2 on day 1 and vincristine 1 mg/m2 on day 2. The patient achieved a complete remission 23 days after completion of Ara-C and was treated with ID Ara-C (Ara-C days 3-6) as a consolidation. Remission duration was only 2.5 months. Plasma Ara-C concentrations were assayed by HPLC and the peak level was 6.7 micrograms/ml. Side effects were mild nausea, vomiting, alopecia and moderate skin rash.
 ...
PMID:[A case of complete remission from acute myelogenous leukemia in second relapse achieved using an intermediate-dose cytosine arabinoside (ID Ara-C) regimen]. 345 5

A 41-year-old male was diagnosed as acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) in November, 1982 and partial remission was obtained by a combination chemotherapy of LVP, DVP ABOP and VAMP. In January, 1983, peripheral blood showed an increasing number of leukemic cells and he was readmitted to our hospital. WBC count in the peripheral blood was 13,200/mm3 and an 82% ratio of leukemic cells was observed. Bone marrow aspiration showed a hypercellularity of 89.4% leukemic cells. High-dose Ara-C therapy was started at a dose of 3 g/m2 i.v. every 12 hours for 6 days. Leukemic cells in peripheral blood were rapidly decreased in number, and the nucleated cell count of bone marrow was also reduced after 3 weeks of treatment, however 95% of leukemic cells remained. Low-dose L-asparaginase was then supplemented at a dose of 2000 U for 3 days, and 2 months later complete remission was achieved. The side effects associated with this high-dose Ara-C therapy were nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, fever and conjunctivitis, although these were tolerable. These observations suggest that high-dose Ara-C combined with L-asparaginase should be added to the treatment of leukemia which is refractory to conventional chemotherapy.
 ...
PMID:[Complete remission obtained in refractory acute lymphocytic leukemia using high-dose cytosine arabinoside combined with low-dose L-asparaginase]. 385 16

Twenty-one patients with hematopoietic malignancies including 6 previously untreated, 9 pretreated, and in relapse, 5 in complete remission and one in partial remission all were treated with PL-AC. The patients consisted of 12 acute myelocytic leukemias, 4 acute monocytic leukemias, 2 acute lymphocytic leukemias, one erythroleukemia, one malignant lymphoma and one chronic monocytic leukemia. PL-AC was given orally at a dosage of 50-1200 mg daily. Mean total dosage was 4.74 g (0.6-15.25), and the mean administration period was 3.43 days (1-122). days Responses were observed in 4 out of 9 pretreated patients by a decrease of blast cells in the peripheral blood. Partial remission was obtained in one case which lasted 8 months. Out of 5 previously untreated acute leukemias, one partial remission and 4 hematological responses were observed. The plasma concentration of Ara-C was maximal at 3 hours and was not detectable after 12 hours. Side effects observed were nausea in 5 patients vomiting in one patient and liver dysfunction in one patient. These side effects however were not so severe as to stop drug administration. PL-AC may be administered in doses ranged 150-250 mg for 2-3 weeks without any severe side effects, and with some clinical effects.
 ...
PMID:[Early phase II study of PL-AC [N4-palmitoyl-(1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl) cytosine] on hematopoietic malignancies]. 657 29

Twenty two patients with acute relapsed leukemia (AML 20, ALL 2) were treated with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (DAC) and either m-amsacrine or idarubicin. DAC was administered as a 6-h infusion, every 12 h for 6 days in combination with either m-amsacrine (120 mg/m2) as a 1-h infusion on days 6 and 7 (n = 19) or idarubicin (12 mg/m2) as a 15-min infusion on days 5, 6 and 7 (n = 3). Thirteen patients (59%) achieved a complete remission. The treatment was complicated by nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea with signs of peritonitis (n = 9), weight loss (n = 7), cerebellar or cerebral toxicity (n = 2), gastrointestinal bleeding (n = 3), liver toxicity (n = 2) and prolonged myelosuppression. Median duration of remission was 4 months (range 1-30). The preliminary data show that DAC is an anti-leukemic agent, comparable to high dose Ara-C with comparable severe toxicity.
 ...
PMID:Preliminary results with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (DAC)-containing chemotherapy in patients with relapsed or refractory acute leukemia. The EORTC Leukemia Cooperative Group. 768 57

Thirty adult patients with relapsing or refractory acute leukemia were treated with mitoxantrone 10 mg/m2 daily by 20-min intravenous infusion for 5 days and cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C) 200 mg/m2 daily by continuous infusion for 5 days. Complete remission was obtained in 9 of 15 patients (60%) with acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML), with a mean duration of 6 months (range 2-12 months). Among 15 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), complete remission was obtained in 5 patients (33.3%), with a mean duration of 2 months. Partial remission was achieved in 2 patients with AML and 1 patient with ALL. Myelosuppression developed in all patients following chemotherapy. Nonhematologic side effects consisted of nausea, vomiting, mild alopecia, stomatitis and transient hepatic dysfunction. No cardiopulmonary toxicity or neurotoxicity was observed. Our therapeutic responses are similar to those obtained with high-dose Ara-C and mitoxantrone but with less toxicity.
 ...
PMID:Mitoxantrone and standard dose cytosine arabinoside therapy in refractory or relapsed acute leukemia. 798 76


1 2 3 Next >>