Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

One hundred consecutive endoscopically placed peritoneal dialysis catheters inserted in 95 patients over an 18-month period have been reviewed. All catheters were placed for chronic dialysis (CAPD). Following insertion there were five early catheter failures (4 failed to drain, 1 perforated viscus) and 13 early complications (7 leaks, 3 tunnel bleeds, 2 scrotal oedema, 1 wound infection). In the long term six patients required transfer to haemodialysis (2 recurrent peritonitis, 2 pain on outflow, 1 unable to cope, 1 persistent vomiting). Overall probability of catheter survival as predicted by Kaplan-Meier analysis was 0.85 at 18 months. These results confirm that endoscopic placement of CAPD catheters is safe and reliable. In addition there is a low early failure rate and the long-term catheter survival figure is comparable with the best series reported. This procedure allows direct visualization of the peritoneal cavity, thus minimizing the risk of visceral damage. Furthermore, the procedure is well tolerated under local anaesthesia and allows early institution of dialysis because of the extremely low leakage rate (11%). Endoscopic placement of CAPD catheters is now the procedure of choice in our centre. General anaesthetic and mini-laparotomy are thus avoided in most of this high-risk group.
Nephrol Dial Transplant 1992
PMID:Endoscopic placement of CAPD catheters: a review of one hundred procedures. 132 21

The effect of simvastatin on serum total and HDL cholesterol and total triglyceride levels in 20 hypercholesterolemic patients on CAPD treatment was studied. The drug was given at the initial dose of 10 mg/day which was doubled up to 40 mg/day. Two non-compliant patients stopped the drug in the first week of treatment. One patient had vomiting and stopped simvastatin. One patients reduced the dose from 20 to 10 mg/day because of increase in CPK level. The study was completed in 16 patients. Serum cholesterol decreased from 318 +/- 39 to 208 +/- 34 mg/dl (p < 0.001), triglyceride from 317 +/- 129 to 278 +/- 160 mg/dl and HDL cholesterol from 43 +/- 13 to 35 +/- 11 mg/dl. The effective does was 10 mg/day in 4 cases, 20 mg/dl in 7 and 40 mg/dl in 5. In CAPD patients, simvastatin is safe and effective in lowering serum cholesterol. The clinical significance of the decrease in HDL cholesterol and its possible effect on clinical outcome are still unknown.
Adv Perit Dial 1992
PMID:Effect of simvastatin in CAPD patients with hypercholesterolemia. 136 17

Peritonitis following urticaria on two occasions in a 46-year-old white female treated with CAPD for nine years is reported. On both occasions an episode of urticaria and pruritus occurred 24 hr before the dialysate became cloudy, and the patient experienced abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. The culture of the peritoneal dialysis effluent grew gamma Streptococcus with the first episode. To our knowledge this is the first report of CAPD peritonitis preceded by urticaria where the skin findings were most likely related to the peritoneal infection.
Perit Dial Int 1992
PMID:Streptococcus peritonitis with urticaria. 158 83

Twelve children with end stage renal disease requiring dialysis received enteral feedings via nasogastric (NG) or gastrostomy (G) tube between 1984 and 1989 for provision of adequate nutrition. Records were reviewed for frequency and types of complications seen. Six patients, ages 1 week to 16 months received NG feedings for a total of 32 months. Complications included persistent vomiting with recurrent aspiration (2), persistent vomiting with peritoneal dialysis (PD) exit site leak (1), sinusitis (1), and refusal to continue NG feeds because of patient/parental anxiety (1). Three of the 6 were changed to G tube feedings after 2 days to 3 months. The complication rate was 1 per 6.4 patient months. Nine patients, ages 4 days to 11 years, received G tube feedings for 64 months. The complication rate was similar, 1 per 7.1 months. Complications were PD fluid leak around G tube exit site (1), G tube infection (2), G tube obstruction requiring tube replacement (3), tube migration producing intestinal obstruction (1), and gastrocutaneous fistula (2). Both methods were associated with similar complication rates, although somewhat different types of complications were seen. The young dialysis patient may have certain unique risks in addition to the complications generally associated with enteral feedings.
Adv Perit Dial 1990
PMID:Complications of nasogastric and gastrostomy tube feedings in children with end stage renal disease. 198 21

Six cases of acute renal failure associated with mefenamic acid therapy are described. Five patients were non-oliguric and five patients had clinical features of salt and water depletion. In these patients the presenting symptoms were abdominal pain, diarrhoea and vomiting. Renal biopsy in five patients showed interstitial nephritis and mesangial proliferation. All patients recovered without specific therapy after withdrawal of the drug, but in four patients mild renal impairment persisted. These findings indicate that both interstitial and mesangial changes are common features of acute renal failure due to mefenamic acid therapy.
Nephrol Dial Transplant 1988
PMID:Mefenamic acid nephropathy: an interstitial and mesangial lesion. 314 90

We studied the results of renal transplantation in 16 patients with renal amyloidosis and in 46 controls with primary glomerulonephritis. Amyloidosis was primary in five and secondary to familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) in 11. All patients received live related donor kidneys and the majority had one-haplotype HLA match. One- and 5-year graft and patient survival rates were comparable in both groups. Moreover, the frequency of acute rejection episodes and the mean serum creatinine values were not significantly different between members of the two groups. Significant gastrointestinal symptoms in the form of nausea, vomiting, abdominal pains, and diarrhoea occurred in seven of the patients with amyloidosis (43.7%) and in only one of the controls (2%) (P = 0.001). All seven recipients with amyloidosis who developed the gastrointestinal manifestations were receiving cyclosporin and six had FMF. Maintenance colchicine treatment prevented recurrence of FMF symptoms. In one patient discontinuation of colchicine was followed by recurrence of FMF symptoms. Recurrence of renal amyloidosis was not observed in five patients subjected to Trucut graft biopsies 1, 2, 3, 18 and 72 months post-transplantation. It is concluded that live-related donor kidney transplantation is a safe procedure in patients with amyloidosis and follows a course similar to glomerulonephritis patients.
Nephrol Dial Transplant 1994
PMID:Study of live donor kidney transplantation outcome in recipients with renal amyloidosis. 797 Jan

Acute pancreatitis in patients on CAPD treatment is an infrequent, but serious complication. We studied the records of all CAPD patients with acute pancreatitis in the Netherlands from 1979 until May 1992. The incidence of acute pancreatitis during CAPD treatment was 0.46 per 100 treatment-years. In all patients at least one risk factor was present. Hypercalcaemia was the most frequently observed risk factor in our patients. The clinical picture consisted of abdominal pain and vomiting, with normal temperature and normal peristalsis. Plasma amylase was elevated in 18 episodes. Dialysate amylase concentrations exceeded 100 U/l in seven of ten episodes. The dialysate could either be clear, haemorrhagic, or cloudy. Positive dialysate cultures were found in five patients, in most cases with skin flora. No direct correlation with the pancreatitis could be established. Mortality was 58%. Continuation of CAPD or transfer to haemodialysis had no apparent effect on the outcome, but the best prognosis was found in patients with a persistently clear dialysate.
Nephrol Dial Transplant 1993
PMID:Acute pancreatitis during CAPD in The Netherlands. 815 8

Gastroparesis is a disabling complication in diabetic patients. It has been reported as the second most frequent cause of hospitalization in diabetic patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). We analyzed infectious and noninfectious complications in our CAPD patients. We included 31 patients (12 diabetics and 19 nondiabetics) with an average time on CAPD of 14 +/- 7 months. The incidence of peritonitis was 1.68 episodes/patient/year in diabetics and 0.84 in nondiabetics. Nine (75%) diabetic patients had peritonitis, 5 (42%) had vomiting, and 4 (33%) had ischemic heart disease. The hospitalization index (days/year) was greater in diabetics: 11.83 +/- 11.36 versus 4.16 +/- 8.84 in nondiabetics (p < 0.05). Vomiting was the first cause of admission in diabetics. We were unable to control severe gastroparesis with cisapride and metoclopramide in 4 patients. Erythromycin, 100 mg/2-L bag of dialysate, improved symptoms in all of them. We concluded that gastroparesis is an important cause of morbidity in CAPD patients. Intraperitoneal erythromycin can improve symptoms if other prokinetic drugs fail.
Perit Dial Int 1993
PMID:Gastroparesis: an important cause of hospitalization in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients and the role of erythromycin. 839 60

We evaluated 27 adult patients with chronic hypokalaemia (K+ = 2.9 +/- 0.2 mmol/l), documented over at least 5 years, in whom the cause of the hypokalaemia had not been clarified in spite of previous testing. In 15 patients it was possible to establish a diagnosis by a thorough outpatient workup (diuretic abuse (n = 5), surreptitious vomiting (n = 8), laxative abuse (n = 1), renal tubular acidosis (n = 1)). Commonly utilized tests such as measurements of plasma renin activity, plasma aldosterone, and urinary potassium concentration proved not to be useful in the differential diagnosis of these patients. In contrast the following were diagnostically important: in surreptitious vomiting the hypochloraemia, the mild renal insufficiency, and the extremely low urinary chloride concentration; in diuretic abuse the high urinary concentration of chloride together with repeatedly positive toxicology screens for diuretics; in laxative abuse the high stool weight and extremely low urinary sodium concentration. In the remaining 12 patients none of these diagnoses applied and further tests for suspected Bartter's syndrome were done in the hospital.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Nephrol Dial Transplant 1995
PMID:Chronic hypokalaemia of adults: Gitelman's syndrome is frequent but classical Bartter's syndrome is rare. 855 78

Enteral nutritional support is an important component of the care provided to infants receiving long-term peritoneal dialysis. In the majority of published experiences on this subject, the use of the nasogastric tube has facilitated the provision of required calorie and protein intake and resulted in an improved patient outcome. Advantages of the nasogastric route of nutritional support include the ease of administration, while recurrent emesis remains the most troublesome and frequent short-term complication associated with its use. Impaired oral-motor development may also result from nonoral feeding and should be addressed throughout the course of tube feeding.
Perit Dial Int 1996
PMID:Nasogastric tube feeding in infants on peritoneal dialysis. 872 62


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