Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We evaluated the efficacy and safety of ondansetron hydrochloride (OND) on nausea and vomiting during repeated courses of CHOP or ACOMP-B therapy in patients with malignant lymphoma. The impact of the prognosis announcement on the anti-emetic effect and chemotherapy-associated adverse events was also investigated. Forty-two subjects with malignant lymphoma who underwent CHOP or ACOMP-B therapy including cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m2 and adriamycin 40 mg/m2 were investigated for a maximum of 6 courses. For acute nausea and vomiting, ondansetron was injected intravenously before the start of chemotherapy on the first day of each course of chemotherapy. For delayed emesis, ondansetron was administered orally for 4 days from the following day. The efficacy on acute nausea and vomiting was found to be 95.0% (1st course), 95.0% (2nd course), 90.9% (3rd course), 88.2% (4th course), 92.3% (5th course) and 91.7% (6th course), respectively. A high efficacy of > or = 85% was also obtained for delayed nausea and vomiting on each day. Though the adverse event of elevated GPT value developed in one subject. It was mild and resolved. No difference in efficacy was seen with or without announcement of prognosis to patients. Following the investigation on antiemetic effect, patient perception of chemotherapy-induced adverse events was evaluated. The most common event was hair loss, followed by taste abnormality and numbness and hyposthesia of the tips of the fingers. The incidence of nausea and vomiting was the 4th and 5th most common, which are less frequent than in the report of Coates in 1983. In conclusion, ondansetron is considered clinically useful with stable anti-emetic effect on both acute and delayed nausea and vomiting over repeated courses of chemotherapy, without any significant safety problem.
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PMID:[Clinical usefulness of ondansetron hydrochloride for nausea and vomiting during repeated courses of chemotherapy for malignant lymphoma--impact of prognosis announcement on anti-emetic effect and evaluation of patient perception of chemotherapy-associated adverse events]. 1186 34

We examined the clinical symptoms and laboratory findings of 21 children with aseptic meningitis caused by echovirus 13 during the summer of 2002. All patients (mean age: 8.3 years) complained of fever and headache. Some had mild vomiting and some had severe vomiting of 4 times or more. In the early stage of the disease, the mean count of WBC was 8,283/microliter, mean level of CRP was 0.8 mg/dl, and there were no abnormalities in levels of GOT, GPT, or LDH. The levels of protein and sugar, in cerebrospinal fluid showed no abnormalities, and mean total cell count was 560/microliter. The mean number of polynuclear cells was 357/microliter, and of mononuclear cells was 203/microliter, showing polynuclear cell predominance. In the recovery period, the tendency to polynuclear cell predominance in the early stage of the disease shifted to mononuclear predominance. One of the 21 patients exhibited multinucleated cell predominance in the cerebrospinal fluid, a high CRP value of 6.2 mg/dl, as well as symptoms of restlessness including numbness of the limbs, hyperpnea, and excitation, needed careful diagnosis as aseptic meningitis. Almost all of the patients were mild cases, and no large differences were seen with the clinical and laboratory findings in previous reports of echovirus aseptic meningitis.
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PMID:[Clinical analysis of aseptic meningitis caused by echovirus 13]. 1457 43

We have reported previously the efficacy of antiprotozoal drugs against canine giardiasis (In press, Journal of Veterinary Clinic, the Korean Society of Veterinary Clinics). Fenbendazole was found to be the most efficacious for the treatment of canine giardiasis. There were no significant differences between the efficacy of albendazole and fenbendazole against canine giardiasis. On the other hand, the efficacy of metronidazole for the treatment of canine giardiasis, the efficacy was lower when compared to that of albendazole and fenbendazole. On the basis of these results, to evaluate clinical effect of silymarin, we evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of metronidazole alone, or combined with silymarin for 2 weeks for canine giardiasis. In addition, to observe effects on nutrition, we investigated the changes of body weight, the serum biochemical indicators for liver inflammation (GOT, GPT, NH3), the liver cell regeneration indicators (total protein, albumin) and the hematological changes during treatment (WBC, RBC, MCV, MCH and MCHC). The dogs were allocated to four groups; one group was treated with silymarin (3.5 mg/kg once a day, oral), another with metronidazole (50 mg/kg once a day, oral), and the other group with silymarin (3.5 mg/kg once a day, oral) plus metronidazole (50 mg/kg once a day, oral), while control group remained nontreated. The fecal samples from all the dogs were examined, using the ZSCT and giardia antigen test kit (SNAP(*) Giardia, IDEXX Laboratories), from each dog of each group for three times a week for 2 weeks. Dogs were considered to have giardiasis when one or more of the fecal samples had positive results for Giardia cysts. Seven days after treatment, the efficacy of silymarin plus metronidazole was found 79%, whereas that of metronidazole was 72%. Ten days post-treatment the efficacy of metronidazole plus silymarin (91%) was significantly different in comparison with that of metronidazole (75%). Two weeks post-treatment no cysts were detected in the fecal samples in the dogs of metronidazole or silymarin plus metronidazole-treated groups. Whereas, the fecal samples of all the dogs of the control and only silymarin-treated groups were giardia positive. Signs of side effects were not observed in silymarin plus metronidazole-treated dogs. But poor appetite and intermittent vomiting signs were observed in two dogs of the metronidazole-treated group that resolved when metronidazole administration was discontinued. The body weight of those treated with metronidazole was significantly decreased in comparison with those treated with silymarin and metronidazole plus silymarin. There were significant differences of body weight between the dogs treated with silymarin and metronidazole. Two weeks after metronidazole treatment, serum concentration of GOT, GPT and NH3 were significantly increased in comparison with those treated with silymarin. On the other hand, the serum concentration of GOT, GPT and NH3 were not significantly increased when treated with silymarin plus metronidazole compared to those treated with metronidazole. Serum total protein and albumin concentrations were decreased after metronidazole treatment as compared to those treated with silymarin and silymarin plus metronidazole. The concentrations of serum total protein and albumin decreased significantly in metronidazole-treated group as compared to that of treated with silymarin. The numbers of WBC and RBC did show significant differences in the dogs treated with metronidazole, while MCV, MCH were significant by different between silymarin and metronidazole-treated dogs. On the other hand, there were no significant differences in MCHC in any groups. These data suggest that silymarin, in supplement with antiprotozoal drugs, can influence the therapy of canine giardiasis.
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PMID:Evaluation of silymarin in the treatment on asymptomatic Giardia infections in dogs. 1615 41


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