Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Continuous subcutaneous infusions offer a safe, simple, effective alternative to intravenous or intramuscular injections when oral medications cannot be used. They are extremely useful for cancer patients suffering from pain, vomiting, seizures, and other symptoms. Hydromorphone or morphine may be combined with metoclopramide, methotrimeprazine, or haloperidol (in D5W only), in the same pump to control both pain and nausea. Seizures can be controlled by subcutaneous infusion of phenobarbital or midazolam. If proper doses are prescribed and skin irritation is watched for, they can be used safely in the patient's home.
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PMID:Subcutaneous infusions for control of cancer symptoms. 196 87

Of 38,221 hospitalized medical patients monitored by a drug surveillance program, 1821 (4.8 per cent) received morphine, 504 (1.3 per cent) received codeine, 493 (1.3 per cent) received papaveretum, 115 (0.3 per cent) received hydromorphone, and 101 (0.3 per cent) received methadone parenterally. Hydromorphone had an unusually high adverse reaction rate (18 per cent); therefore, it probably should not be used since other equally effective strong analgesics are available. Adverse reactions occurred in 2 per cent of papaveretum recipients, in 4 per cent of methadone and codeine recipients, and in 6 per cent of morphine recipients. Gastrointestinal reactions (primarily nausea, vomiting, and constipation) were most common. Central nervous system disturbances (primarily respiratory depression, drowsiness, and confusion) were second most common. Adverse reactions occurred more often with higher doses of morphine and codeine; the dose-response relationship could not be evaluated for the other three drugs. Life-threatening adverse reactions were reported in 28 patients. Respiratory depression was the most common life-threatening reaction. Most patients with these reactions were seriously ill, and many received other drugs that may have contributed to the event.
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PMID:Clinical effects of parenteral narcotics in hospitalized medical patients. 615 87

Intramuscular (i.m.) injection with meperidine is the most common analgesic approach to treat postoperative pain in Taiwan. Hydromorphone (Dilaudid) can provide very potent and rapid analgesic effect through subcutaneous (s.c.) injection. Although hydromorphone is widely used in North America, no study has compared the analgesic efficacy, side effect profiles and patients' satisfaction with the method of injection of hydromorphone s.c. and meperidine i.m. for the immediate post-operative analgesia. In this randomized and double-blind study, 60 female patients scheduled for abdominal total hysterectomy were treated either with 1 mg hydromorphone s.c. (n = 30) or 50 mg meperidine i.m. (n = 30) when they regained consciousness and asked for analgesic treatment in the recovery room. Visual analogue score (VAS) of wound pain was obtained at 0, 10 and 30 min after injection by a blinded observer. The occurrence and severity of nausea, vomiting, dizziness, drowsiness, flatus passage and respiratory depression were recorded. Post-operative analgesia in the ward was maintained by patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) with intravenous morphine. Time to first PCA demand, the number of demands, delivery, delivery/demand ratio and 24 h morphine consumption were documented. We found that VAS was reduced at 10 min and, to a greater extent, at 30 min postinjection in both groups but with no significant difference between the two groups. The occurrence and severity of side effect profiles were similar in both groups except that dizziness was more frequently observed after meperidine injection. Delivery, demand, delivery/demand ratio and 24 hr morphine consumption by PCA were not significantly different between the two groups. Time to first PCA trigger was also similar. Patients receiving hydromorphone s.c. injection exhibited higher satisfactory score than those receiving meperidine i.m. injection. Hydromorphone 1 mg, injected subcutaneously, was as effective as intramuscular meperidine 50 mg while permitting more favorable injection technique and fewer side effects. We suggest that subcutaneous hydromorphone is a good alternative to intramuscular meperidine for postoperative analgesia in the recovery room.
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PMID:Comparison of subcutaneous hydromorphone with intramuscular meperidine for immediate postoperative analgesia. 1046 24