Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The histories and psychological profiles of more than 500 patients meeting DSM-III-R criteria for bulimia nervosa were reviewed. A total of 310 patients demonstrated the most characteristic pattern of bulimia, with finger-induced purging and occasional diet pill, diuretic, or laxative abuse. Seventeen patients reported binge eating with no self-induced vomiting but with severe laxative abuse (i.e., greater than or equal to 50 laxatives daily). A total of 126 patients reported bulimia with finger-induced purging and regular mild (i.e., 2-3 daily) laxative abuse. Eight patients reported bulimia without finger-induced purging, diuretic, or laxative abuse but with the regular abuse of ipecac as a means of inducing vomiting. Four clinical subtypes of bulimia were seen. These were overt bulimia, which occurred in 8.9% of the sample; obsessive-ritualistic bulimia, which occurred in 2% of the sample; sexually evocative bulimia (Fatal Attraction Syndrome), which occurred in 2.9% of the sample; and masochistic bulimia, which occurred in 4.9% of the sample. Each of these subtypes of bulimia are described and defined. The characteristic psychologic profile, clinical features, and implications for treatment and research are discussed.
 ...
PMID:Bulimia nervosa. Four uncommon subtypes. 146 68

Persons who contacted the Anorexia/Bulimia Association of Norway for information and stated that they had an eating disorder were asked to participate in this questionnaire study. The answers from the 32 women who fulfilled the DSM-III-R criteria for bulimia nervosa are presented. Usually the women's eating problems had started in the teens after a period of voluntary dieting. The mean duration of bulimia nervosa was six years. 31% had a history of anorexia nervosa. At the time of the study almost all had normal body weight, but nevertheless felt overweight. 78% practised self-induced vomiting, 22% used laxatives and 16% used diuretics to reduce weight. Depressive and anxiety symptoms were common in connection with the overeating episodes, but also more generally, which interfered with everyday life. Somatic symptoms (abdominal pain, diarrhoea, constipation, dyspepsia, headache, dry mouth and eyes, parotid gland swelling, muscular symptoms, fatigue, and oligomenorrhoea) were also common.
 ...
PMID:[Bulimia nervosa and self-reported symptoms. A questionnaire study among 32 women with bulimia nervosa]. 147 Nov 6

Fifty-five patients of an eating disorders service with a history of anorexia nervosa (AN), defined by a history of refusal to maintain body weight above a level of 15% below that expected, completed a modified version of the revised Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire (PDQ-R) based on DSM-III-R personality disorders (PD). The subjects were divided into 2 groups based on AN subtypes: vomiters, defined by a history of self-induced vomiting, and non-vomiters, who had maintained low weight mainly or only by diet +/- excessive exercise. Vomiters showed significantly higher scores on self-report measures of borderline and antisocial PD criteria. Discriminant analysis based on PD scores for all 13 DSM-III-R PD categories correctly predicted AN subtype membership based on vomiting history in 85.5% of patients. The implications of PD comorbidity for the development and management of eating disorders are discussed.
 ...
PMID:Associations between self-induced vomiting and personality disorder in patients with a history of anorexia nervosa. 148 31

Data on the prevalence and characteristics of binge eating in a series of 64 obese women participating in a controlled weight-reduction program are presented. Twenty-two (34.4%) reported recurrent binge eating episodes defined as overeating plus loss of control as assessed by patients' self-report and confirmed by a clinical interview. Six of those indicated that they engaged in either self-induced vomiting or laxative use to control their weight, but only two met full criteria for current bulimia nervosa according to DSM-III-R. A detailed description of the binge eating behavior revealed similarities to the eating pattern described in patients with bulimia nervosa: obese binge eaters tended to overeat in the evening, when they were alone and at home. Compared with their non-binge eating counterparts, binge eaters were significantly younger when they presented for treatment. The prevalence of childhood obesity was higher, and they were significantly younger when they first started on a diet than the non-binge eaters. Binge eaters reported more psychological problems such as body image distortion, and there was a slight tendency for binge eaters to exhibit more depressive symptomatology at baseline. No association between binge eating and weight at baseline, or weight loss during therapy or at follow-up could be found. Fluvoxamine (100 mg) did not seem to be of specific benefit in this subgroup of the obese with regard to weight loss.
 ...
PMID:Binge eating in overweight women. 164 67

This study compared a brief group treatment that was designed to be purely educational (ED) with a longer course of individual cognitive-behavioural (CB) therapy intended to represent more standard clinical care. Participants were 65 women who sought treatment at Toronto General Hospital, met DSM-III criteria for bulimia nervosa at a normal weight and reported vomiting at least twice weekly. Results indicated that the CB treatment, as expected, was generally more effective than the ED intervention, but on several important outcome indices both treatments appeared to be equally effective for the healthiest 25-45% of the sample. The more intensive individual CB treatment was associated with greater improvement in patients who were more severely symptomatic. However, the ED intervention proved significantly more cost-effective and it was suggested that a sequential treatment program might achieve the superior benefits associated with the longer individual CB treatment at a reduced cost.
 ...
PMID:Efficacy of a brief group psychoeducational intervention for bulimia nervosa. 201 91

The DSM-III-R criteria for uncomplicated alcohol withdrawal require the presence of coarse tremor of the hands, tongue, or eyelids plus one of a number of other clinical features. We examined the validity and other characteristics of these items in 137 patients in pure alcohol withdrawal using the reliable and valid Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment for Alcohol. The DSM-III-R items of hand tremor amplitude, nausea or vomiting, headache, transient hallucinations, autonomic hyperactivity (increased pulse or sweating), and anxiety correlated significantly with total score and significantly indicated clinical severity. Addition of an "agitation" item improved the correlation. The diagnostic accuracy is greater than 95% if any two or more items are present. The number of positive items, of which tremor can be one, to grade clinical severity shows that a score of 2 indicates "very mild"; 3, "mild"; 4, "moderate"; and 5, "severe.". We propose that an Alcohol Withdrawal Diagnostic Inventory and a DSM-III-R-compatible brief Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment for Alcohol are useful for clinical research, where graded symptom characterization is needed. Our data may be helpful in the development of criteria for DSM-IV.
 ...
PMID:Characterization of DSM-III-R criteria for uncomplicated alcohol withdrawal provides an empirical basis for DSM-IV. 202 Dec 96

Frequently, MPD patients present themselves to the clinician with a variety of psychophysiological symptoms. Eating-disorder symptoms may be one of these, and may include the following: binge eating, self-induced vomiting, laxative abuse, excessive exercising, body image distortion, self-starvation, fluctuations in body weight, and nausea. Following are five cases in whom the pathological eating behavior was a manifestation of an underlying multiple personality disorder. The pathological eating behavior was so severe that some patients matched DSM-III-R diagnostic criteria for an eating disorder. Clinicians dealing with eating disorders should be aware that some patients may represent a subgroup in whom the underlying cause for the eating disorder may be MPD. These patients seldom respond to conventional treatment modalities used in eating-disorders programs, and only when the underlying multiplicity is identified and treated by a trained clinician, will the patient's eating-disorder symptoms improve.
 ...
PMID:Covert multiple personality underlying eating disorders. 222 Dec 8

Twenty-eight women with established bulimia nervosa according to the US psychiatric diagnostic criteria DSM III R with periods of morbidly increased appetite and vomiting, as well as 35 psychically and somatically healthy women were subjected to dental examination. The bulimic patients revealed a significantly poorer dental status (DMFS rate) than the control group. Within the patient group a deterioration of the DMFS rate was observed parallel with an increase in the frequency of vomiting and bulimic attacks, in sugar consumption and duration of the disease, as well as a decrease in salivary flow. Causes and implications for treatment and prevention are discussed.
 ...
PMID:[Dental and periodontal sequelae of bulimia nervosa]. 226 89

Forty-two women who met the new narrower criteria for bulimia nervosa of DSM-III-R completed a placebo-controlled double-blind study with trazodone. The drug proved significantly superior to placebo, both in measures of frequency of binge eating and vomiting and in the patients' subjective assessments of improvement. Trazodone produced few adverse effects.
 ...
PMID:A placebo-controlled study of trazodone in bulimia nervosa. 267 Oct 58

Thirteen consecutive referrals of bulimic patients who met DSM-III criteria for bulimia were treated in an open-label, flexible-dose study with trazodone. Three of the 13 dropped out before the fourth week of treatment, the minimum duration of treatment for evaluable subjects, and hence were not included in the analyses. For the 10 evaluable patients, the mean duration of treatment was 6.9 weeks and the mean maximum dose of trazodone was 410 mg (range, 250-600 mg). The number of binge eating and vomiting episodes was significantly decreased (p = 0.05 and 0.06, respectively). These episodes were reduced to zero in four patients and by 55-99% in two patients. Carbohydrate cravings and urges to binge eat were significantly diminished in intensity (p less than 0.02 and 0.008, respectively). The total score (p = not significant) and three subscale scores (p = 0.04, 0.09, and 0.10) of the Eating Disorders Inventory decreased. The mean Hamilton Depression Scale score fell from 10.4 to 3.3 (p = 0.002). Only mild side effects were noted: five subjects complained of morning drowsiness and two of headache. Mean weight was essentially unchanged: pretreatment, 58.5 kg; posttreatment, 57.3 kg. The lack of weight gain represents an advantage of trazodone over other currently prescribed antidepressants, particularly for this group of patients whose fear of becoming fat is a part of their basic pathology.
 ...
PMID:Trazodone treatment of bulimia nervosa. 276 44


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Next >>