Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Four types of hepatic porphyria (acute intermittent porphyria; hereditary coprophorphyria; variegate porphyria; delta-aminolevulinate dehydratase deficiency porphyria) present clinically with an identical neurological syndrome. Symptoms include severe abdominal pain, vomiting, constipation, hypertension, tachycardia, and bladder dysfunction. These symptoms have been ascribed to autonomic neuropathy. Other symptoms are motor weakness and sensory involvement, which correlate with peripheral axonal neuropathy, and mental symptoms occurring without clear morphological findings in the cerebrum. The pathogenetic mechanisms which lead to the neurological dysfunction have remained poorly understood, partly due to the lack of a suitable animal model of these rare disorders. Two hypotheses, the possible neurotoxicity of delta-aminolevulinate (ALA) and heme deficiency in nervous tissue are discussed and corresponding data from porphobilinogen-deaminase deficient mice are presented. The present evidence suggests that multiple mechanisms interact in causing the varied symptoms, including ALA interaction with GABA receptors, altered tryptophan metabolism, and possibly heme depletion in nerve cells.
 ...
PMID:Acute porphyrias: pathogenesis of neurological manifestations. 951 77

The effect ofcannabis can be explained on the basis of the function of the cannabinoid receptor system, which consists of CB receptors (CB1, CB2), endoligands to activate these receptors and an enzyme--fatty acid amidohydrolase--to metabolize the endoligands. The endoligands of the cannabinoid receptor system are arachidonic acid-like substances, and are called endocannabinoids. Indications exist that the body also contains arachidonic acid-like substances that inhibit fatty acid amido hydrolase. Various cannabinoids have diverse effects on the receptors, functioning as agonists, antagonists or partial antagonists, as well as affecting the vanilloid receptor. Many known effects ofcannabis can be explained on the basis of this mechanism of action as can the use ofcannabis in various conditions including multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, glaucoma, nausea, vomiting and rheumatoid arthritis.
 ...
PMID:[The mechanism of action of cannabis and cannabinoids]. 1646 12