Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In the intestinal epithelium the rapidly proliferating crypt cells, the precursors of the mature enterocytes are extremely sensitive to the effects of cytostatic agents. The symptoms of intestinal impairment: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, ulceration, are well known both in clinical practice and in experimental chemotherapy. To obtain information about the biochemical nature of these side effects, a study was performed by investigating the influence of clinically used alkylating hexitol derivatives, dianhydrogalactitol and diacetyl-dianhydrogalactitol, on rat intestinal mucosa cells. The biochemical parameters were investigated in isolated intestinal mucosa cells. Cell proliferation was characterized by measuring the activity of thymidine kinase, while digestion was evaluated by assaying the alkaline phosphatase, sucrase and maltase activities localized in the brush border membrane of the villus cells. The dose response studies of the different enzyme activities indicated that inhibition in all cases was dose dependent. The nadir of the intestinal damage and the time of regeneration were influenced both by the dose and the dosage schedule of the drugs.
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PMID:Biochemical changes of intestinal epithelial cells induced by cytostatic agents in rats. 386 86

A newly recognized inherited metabolic disease in the Lapland dog is described. The metabolic defect is a deficiency of acid-alpha-glucosidase, a lysosomal hydrolase. The clinical picture is dominated by vomiting related to megaoesophagus, and progressive muscle weakness leading to exhaustion and death before two years of age. Cardiac abnormalities are observed. The main histopathologic lesion consists of glycogen accumulation, notably in membrane-bound vacuoles (glycogenosomes), involving all kinds of muscular tissue in particular. Recessive inheritance of the disease was demonstrated by complementation analysis. The enzyme protein is present in affected tissues, although in an inactive form. Based on the gene dosage phenomenon, an attempt was made to identify carrier dogs by means of a biochemical assay. Glycogen storage disease type II in the Lapland dog appears to be a homologous model for the infantile manifestation of glycogen storage disease type II (Pompe's disease) in man.
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PMID:Glycogen storage disease type II in the Lapland dog. 390 97