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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The authors report a case of post-traumatic rhabdomyolysis in a victim of a car accident who, after having being initially examined at an emergency ward, was sent home having been requested to return for a control visit a few days later. The patient did not attend the control visit on the appointed day but returned to the same emergency ward eight days after the accident suffering from vomiting, general malaise and violent pain in the left forearm that appeared swollen. Anamnesis revealed a severe condition of rhabdomyolysis with dehydration, pale red urine and general signs of marked renal insufficiency. Tests showed marked myoglobinemia and myoglobinuria, very high CPK, azotemia, creatinemia, transaminase and high diastasemia. Given the disappearance of peripheral pulse and the severe neurovascular impairment of the left forearm caused by edematous compression, it was decided to proceed to surgical decompression using extensive longitudinal fasciotomy under supraclavicular anesthesia. After surgery peripheral pulse returned to normal, as was confirmed by Doppler. After adequate hydration while renal insufficiency lasted, hemodialysis was commenced immediately and repeated during the following days. Given that all the tests had improved and results were virtually within the norm, the patient was transferred to the medical ward after eight days for continuation of therapy. It is important to underline the importance of possible signs, such as oleguria, dark urine, swelling and edemas of the limbs, in injured patients. If renal insufficiency occurs, it is important to commence early hemodialysis. On day 23 the patient was again transferred to the intensive care ward because he presented epigastric pain and vomiting. CAT showed acute pancreatitis which resolved leading to full recovery after 20 days.
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PMID:[Traumatic rhabdomyolysis. A clinical case]. 901 71

A patient with a history of epigastric abdominal pain and occasional vomiting is presented. During the study of an upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage, gastroduodenal invagination secondary to a gastric lipoma of 5.5 cm in diameter was diagnosed. Upper digestive endoscopy and gastroduodenal study were not diagnostic. Echography detected a duodenal mass suspect of invagination. CAT diagnosed the lipomatous nature of the tumor. Surgery confirmed gastroduodenal invagination with a gastric lipoma with ulceration in the mucosa which covered the same. Enucleation of the tumor was performed. Histologic study established the diagnosis of gastric lipoma. The post operative period was uneventful. A review of the clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of this rare disease is reported.
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PMID:[Gastroduodenal invagination and upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage secondary to gastric lipoma]. 929 46

Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD), an inherited disorder of phagocytic leukocyte function, is characterized by recurrent infections with catalase-positive organisms. Gastrointestinal (GI) tract involvement, present in the majority of affected individuals, may be present initially and recurrently, mimics other entities such as inflammatory bowel disease, and causes substantive morbidity and mortality. Disorders of motility, ulceration, obstruction, and infection (e.g., abscesses) occur from the mouth to the anus and stereotypically manifest with vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, weight loss, and fever. Careful physical examination, in concert with appropriate diagnostic studies, is necessary to delineate intraabdominal pathologic processes. Abdominal radiographs, ultrasonography, computerized tomography, and endoscopy are useful ancillary diagnostic procedures. Drainage of accessible abscesses, antimicrobial therapy based on organisms cultured from blood and tissue, and interferon gamma may lead to suppression or eradication of infections and resolution of symptoms. Corticosteroids are useful for gastric outlet obstruction and sulfasalazine and cyclosporine for large bowel disease. Gallbladder dysfunction may be ameliorated, as in our patient, with administration of cholestyramine.
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PMID:Gastrointestinal complications of chronic granulomatous disease: case report and literature review. 956 72

Mortality from radical cystectomy is still high, in some series accounting for 1-10% deaths. Morbidity is even higher and can reach 50%. This paper contributes the case of a 66-year old male patient diagnosed with an infiltrant tumour of the bladder following TUR. The patient's background included prior surgery for gastroduodenal ulcus, alcohol consumption, and obesity. Following routine pre-operatory investigations, the patient underwent radical cystectomy using routine techniques and urinary by-pass via transcolonic ureterosigmoidostomy. Increased transaminases, leucocytosis, vomiting, jaundice and extended intestinal ileum were noted during the patient's post-operative period, while blood and urine amylase concentrations were moderately high. Following CAT study, laparotomy was performed and the diagnosed confirmed. The patient died on day 14 of surgery due to secondary pulmonary complications. Post-operative pancreatitis is a low-frequency, high-mortality acknowledged complication. Even though most cases are secondary to biliarypancreatic and surrounding pancreas area surgery, it has also been described in some instances of distant surgery such as the present case. Alcohol consumption, biliary lithiasis, prior cholecystectomy and diabetes are predisposing factors. High amylase values do not always accompany this condition. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for the patient's prognosis. Respiratory complications are the usual cause of death in these patients.
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PMID:[Necrotizing pancreatitis following radical cystectomy for infiltrating bladder carcinoma]. 988 16

Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is a rare disorder of phagocytic cell oxidative metabolism. Patients have recurrent infections with catalase-positive organisms and granulomatous lesions throughout the body. Gastric antrum can be an occult site of involvement. We describe a four-year old boy with chronic granulomatous disease who was admitted with the complaints of persistent vomiting and weight loss. Gastric antral narrowing was diagnosed according to radiological findings. Treatment with steroid and antibiotics yielded a good clinical response in 15 days with a relief of the obstruction. This case report emphasizes the beneficial effect of this form of therapy in preventing life-threatening obstruction of vital organs in CGD.
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PMID:Gastric antral stricture in a patient with chronic granulomatous disease. 1077 Jan

Topotecan is a topoisomerase I inhibitor with significant activity in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. Pre-clinical data suggest a synergistic activity with DNA damaging agents such as cyclophosphamide, where topotecan might prevent the repair of cyclophosphamide-induced DNA damage. We thus designed a combination including cyclophosphamide 500 mg/m2 every 12 hours given on days 1 to 3; topotecan 1.25 mg/m2/day by continuous infusion on days 2 to 6, and cytosine arabinoside (ara-C) 2 g/m2 over 4 hours daily for 5 days on days 2 to 6 (CAT). Sixty six (63 evaluable) patients were treated. Fifty two patients had refractory (n=12) or relapsed (n=40) acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), and eleven had acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) (refractory n=3, relapsed n=8); their median age was 57 years (range, 18 to 79 years). Eleven patients (17%) achieved a complete remission (CR), and two patients (3%) had a hematologic improvement (HI; met all criteria for CR except for platelets < 100x10(9)/L), for an overall response rate of 20%. Responses occurred in 12 of 52 AML patients (23%), including 10 CR (19%) and 2 HI (4%), and in 1 of 11 patients with ALL (9%). Myelosuppression was universal; there were 23 episodes of pneumonia or sepsis and 18 episodes of fever of unknown origin complicating 74 courses of CAT. Non-hematologic toxicity was mostly gastrointestinal, including nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and mucositis, but was severe in only 8%. In summary, the CAT regimen is well tolerated and has significant anti-leukemia activity which warrants further investigation.
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PMID:Cyclophosphamide, ara-C and topotecan (CAT) for patients with refractory or relapsed acute leukemia. 1078 92

The acute pregnancy liver fat (APLF) is an illness that occurs exclusively during pregnancy. Its cause is unknown and it only appears during the second half of pregnancy, specially between 32 and 36 weeks. Usually the APLF symptoms starts one to two weeks before hospitalization with nausea, emesis, general uneasiness, jaundice, epigastric pain and other symptoms. As to the laboratories: white cells count, bilirubin, transaminase, coagulation period and amonio increases; on the other hand, the platelets, hemoglobin, glycemia, fybrinogen and antitrombin III decreases. The hepatic biopsy should be left for those atypical cases. The ultrasonogram and the CAT scan does not evidences precision in the diagnoses, yet still they are useful to disregard any other hepatic pathologies. The maternal outcome has improved enormously during the last decade, since recent studies performed in developed and underdeveloped countries have coincided in not finding maternal death. Fetal prognosis has also improved, nevertheless there is a mortality rate of 20%. Early diagnosis, pregnancy interuption and handling in special care or treating complications has lead to good materno-fetal results.
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PMID:[Acute fatty liver in pregnancy. Current concepts]. 1099 83

Hereditary hypercoagulability has been identified as risk factor in approximately 30% of cerebral venous thrombosis cases. We report three females with this association. A 38 years old female with a history of deep venous thrombosis of the lower limb, presented with headache, vomiting and a generalized seizure. Magnetic resonance angiography showed a partial thrombosis of the left lateral and superior longitudinal venous sinuses. Coagulation study showed a resistance to activated C protein and factor V Leyden. A 42 years old woman with a history of deep venous thrombosis, presented a right hemiplegia during a hospitalization. Magnetic resonance showed a left lateral hemorrhagic infarction. Magnetic resonance angiography showed an absence of signal in three venous sinuses. Coagulation study showed a protein C deficiency. A 17 years old woman presented a right hemiparesis in the sixth day of puerperium. CAT scan showed a left frontoparietal subcortical venous infarction. Coagulation study showed an antithrombin III deficiency.
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PMID:[Status of hereditary hypercoagulability and cerebral venous thrombosis. Report of 3 cases]. 1196 66

A 32 years old female was admitted to hospital due to acute abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and liquid stools. Physical examination was normal except for pain on her left inferior abdominal quadrant without peritoneal irritation signs. An abdominal CAT-scan suggested thrombosis at celiac trunk, although the echo Doppler showed no alterations except for signs of ischemia in the distal branch of the superior mesenteric artery. An exploratory laparotomy was performed disclosing a necrosis of the distal ileum and cecum, diffuse peritonitis and thrombosis of the ileocecoapendiculocolic artery. No vasculitis lesions were found in the arteries of medium size examined. A history of intermittent claudication for the past 3 years as well as acrocyanosis, asymmetry of pulses and blood pressure in the superior extremities was ascertained after the surgery. A MRI angiogram showed multiple stenoses and irregularities at the celiac trunk, hepatic, superior mesenteric and fibular arteries. No abnormalities at the aortic arch and its main branches were documented. A sepsis due to Candida sp complicated her postoperative period. After recovery, prednisone 1 mg/kg/day was started and the anticoagulation continued. The abdominal pain, intermittent claudication and superior limb acrocyanosis disappeared. This is an unusual case of type IV Takayasu's arteritis with acute abdominal signs as the first manifestation.
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PMID:[Intestinal necrosis as clinical presentation of Takayasu arteritis]. 1249 34

Peppermint plants have been used as a herbal medicine for many conditions, including loss of appetite, common cold, bronchitis, sinusitis, fever, nausea, vomiting and indigestion. This study is aimed at investigating the biochemical and histological effects of Mentha piperita L., growing in the Yenisar Bademli town of Isparta City, and Mentha spicata L., growing on the Anamas high plateau of Isparta City, on rat kidney tissue. Forty-eight male Wistar albino rats weighing 200-250 g were used for this study. Animals were divided into four experimental groups, each with 12 rats, as follows: control group (group I); 20 g/L M. piperita tea (group II); 20 g/L M. spicata tea (group III); 40 g/L M. spicata tea (group IV). The control group rats were given commercial drinking water (Hayat DANONESA water). The tea for the other groups was prepared daily and provided at all times to the rats during 30 days as drinking water. Plasma urea and creatinine levels were determined, and the levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) and the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were studied in the homogenates of kidney tissue. The levels of plasma urea and creatinine were increased significantly (P < 0.0033) in groups III and IV when compared with group I. The activities of SOD and GSH-Px were decreased significantly (P < 0.0033) in group IV when compared with group I. The activities of CAT were decreased significantly in groups III and IV (P < 0.033, P < 0.0033, respectively) when compared with group I. TBARS levels were increased significantly (P < 0.0033) in groups III and IV when compared with group I. In groups II, III and IV, hydropic degeneration of tubular epithelial cells, the epithelial cells with picnotic nuclei and eosinophilic cytoplasm, tubular dilatation and enlargements in Bowman capsules were observed histologically. However, in group II histopathological changes were more slight than in groups III and IV. In group IV, in addition to these changes, extremely hydropic degeneration of tubular epithelial cells, some atrophic tubules and glomerules, and focal mononuclear cell infiltrations in the kidney tissues of the rats were observed. In conclusion, the results indicate that M. piperita does not show nephrotoxicity but M. spicata presents markedly nephrotoxic changes in rats.
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PMID:Investigation of biochemical and histopathological effects of Mentha piperita L. and Mentha spicata L. on kidney tissue in rats. 1275 72


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