Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Tropisetron (Navoban, Sandoz Pharma Ltd., Basel, Switzerland), a selective antagonist of the serotonin receptor (5-HT3) dosed once-daily at 0.2 mg/kg (with a maximum of 5 mg daily), was evaluated in the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in 131 children with a median age of 5 years (age 10 weeks to 21 years). Acute lymphocytic leukemia was the most common malignancy (49%). Most children (82%) had received cytotoxic chemotherapy before enrollment. Patients received tropisetron during one or more courses of chemotherapy (455 courses in total). Tropisetron was administered slowly intravenously as a single dose before the start of chemotherapy on day 1 and intravenously or by mouth the subsequent days as a single daily dose (median treatment duration: 5 days). Response to tropisetron per 24 hour period on the first 5 days of each chemotherapy course was graded as complete (absence of both nausea and vomiting), partial (one to four vomits and/or less than 5 hours of nausea), or failure. Overall complete response on day 1 was observed in 305 out of 455 chemotherapy courses (67%). The patients receiving intravenous chemotherapy (N = 92) had a 70% complete response rate and a 26% partial response rate on day 1, both for course 1 and course 2. The percentage of complete responders increased the subsequent days of the course. Emesis after day 1 was observed primarily during courses with the most emetogenic chemotherapy. No side-effects of tropisetron other than a single case of diarrhoea were documented in this study.
 ...
PMID:Tropisetron in the prevention of nausea and vomiting in 131 children receiving cytotoxic chemotherapy. 902 27

This study compared the efficacy and tolerability of tropisetron (Navoban, Novaban) alone or in combination with dexamethasone for the treatment of emesis induced by moderately emetogenic non-cisplatin chemotherapy. In total, 126 patients with cancer, who had never received chemotherapy and who required at least two courses of moderately emetogenic non-cisplatin chemotherapy each lasting for a minimum of 5 days, were recruited into the study. Patients were randomized to receive tropisetron, 5 mg o.d., plus either dexamethasone, 12 mg i.v. on day 1 followed by 4 mg orally b.i.d. on days 2-5, or placebo. Greater control of acute and delayed vomiting and nausea was achieved in patients given the tropisetron-dexamethasone combination than in those who received the tropisetron-placebo treatment. The majority of adverse events were mild and could be attributed to the chemotherapeutic regimen used or to the underlying disease. Patients and investigators both rated tropisetron alone or in combination with dexamethasone as a highly effective and well-tolerated antiemetic treatment. The results of this study show that tropisetron, 5 mg o.d., is an effective, well-tolerated and simple to use antiemetic treatment for patients receiving moderately emetogenic non-cisplatin chemotherapy. The addition of dexamethasone increases the efficacy of tropisetron without significantly decreasing its tolerability.
 ...
PMID:Tropisetron alone or in combination with dexamethasone for the prevention and treatment of emesis induced by non-cisplatin chemotherapy: a randomized trial. 757 55

The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the antiemetic effectiveness and tolerability of Navoban (tropisetron) and Zofran (ondansetron) following high-dose (> or = 50 mg/m2) cisplatin chemotherapy. In a randomised, multi-centre, double-blind, double-dummy, parallel group study, 117 evaluable chemotherapy-naive patients who received Navoban were compared with 114 who received Zofran. Patient diary cards were used to assess both acute (Day 1) and delayed (Days 2-6) nausea and vomiting. Total control of acute vomiting was achieved in 54% of Navoban and 65% of Zofran patients (p = 0.052), and total control of acute nausea in 66% and 62% respectively (p = 0.655). Total control of delayed vomiting was achieved in 44% of Navoban patients and 46% of Zofran patients (p = 0.765), and of delayed nausea in 56% and 47% respectively (p = 0.207). Both reactions combined were totally prevented during the entire 6-day trial period in 22% of Navoban and 24% of Zofran patients (NS), while a further 42% of patients in both groups remained largely free from both nausea and emesis. The few adverse reactions (e.g. headache, constipation, diarrhoea) were mainly mild and typical of the 5-HT3-receptor antagonists. In conclusion, there were no significant differences in efficacy and tolerability between Navoban 5 mg once daily and the highest recommended dose of Zofran (32 mg on Day 1, followed by 8 mg three times a day).
 ...
PMID:Is Navoban (tropisetron) as effective as Zofran (ondansetron) in cisplatin-induced emesis? The French Navoban Study Group. 774 65

Even with the availability of potent and selective serotonin antagonists, chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting remain a major problem for many patients. This study aims to evaluate the benefit of combination therapy based on Navoban (tropisetron) in patients who had incomplete control of nausea and/or vomiting induced by chemotherapy when using Navoban as a single antiemetic agent. In their first chemotherapy course, 1072 patients planned to receive at least two identical cycles of emetogenic chemotherapy were treated with 5 mg Navoban once daily. To evaluate three treatments additional to the recommended 5 mg once-daily Navoban regimen during Course 2 in those patients who had shown incomplete control of nausea and/or vomiting on any day of Course 1, a 2 x 2 x 2 factorial design was employed. Of these patients, 445 were centrally randomised to receive an additional dose of open-label dexamethasone (Day 1, 0.2 mg/kg i.v.; Days 2-6, 8 mg p.o.) and/or open-label alizapride (Day 1, 100 mg i.v. and 4 x 50 mg p.o.; Days 2-6, 4 x 5 mg p.o.) and/or double-blind Navoban--that is, doubling the dose to 10 mg once daily or placebo. Complete response rates during Course 1 (CRR, no nausea and no vomiting) were, for Day 1, 72% and for Days 1-6, 48%. More complete responders were observed when dexamethasone was added during Course 2, both on Day 1 (76% vs. 66%, p = 0.020) and on Days 1-6 (50% vs. 34%, p = 0.0004).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Optimal combination therapy with Navoban (tropisetron) in patients with incomplete control of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. The Belgian Navoban Group. 774 66

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Navoban (tropisetron) three different Nordic multicentre trials were conducted during the period 1988-92. In all, 1050 patients were recruited from 15 centres. In the first study, Navoban monotherapy was compared with a high-dose metoclopramide cocktail. In the second, Navoban +/- dexamethasone was evaluated for those patients not fully protected by Navoban alone. In the third trial, Navoban was evaluated for various chemotherapy regimens, for long-term efficacy, and for various risk groups of patients. Spontaneous intercycle variations were also evaluated. Navoban was found to be as effective as the antiemetic cocktail but with a more favourable spectrum of side effects and a simpler schedule of administration. Navoban was more effective during the acute than the delayed phase. Addition of dexamethasone significantly improved prevention of both acute and delayed emesis. Long term efficacy seemed to be stable up to 10 cycles of chemotherapy. Patients treated with noncisplatin regimens showed significantly higher protection rates than patients treated with cisplatin. Various cancer diagnoses and cytostatic agents were also evaluated. Gender and age were important risk factors. Navoban was found to be an efficacious antiemetic agent, especially regarding acute nausea and vomiting. Addition of a corticosteroid significantly improved the effect during highly emetogenic chemotherapy. The role of Navoban for delayed emesis must be evaluated in future trials. The two most common side effects were headache and constipation. Overall, Navoban was well tolerated and patient compliance with the drug was high.
 ...
PMID:Navoban (tropisetron) alone and in combination with dexamethasone in the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting: the Nordic experience. The Nordic Antiemetic Trial Group. 774 68

One hundred and thirty-one children with a median age of 5 years were administered Navoban (tropisetron), a selective antagonist of the serotonin receptor (5-HT3), dosed once daily at 0.2 mg/kg (with a maximum of 5 mg daily) in a study aimed at evaluating the prevention of nausea and vomiting induced by anti-cancer chemotherapy. The most common malignancy (in 49% of patients) was acute lymphocytic leukaemia. Patients received Navoban during one or more courses of emetogenic chemotherapy for a total of 455 courses administered intravenously or intravenously and intrathecally (IV + IT). Most patients (89%) had already received cytotoxic chemotherapy before enrollment for the trial. On Day 1, Navoban was administered slowly and intravenously as a single dose before the start of chemotherapy, or by mouth as a single daily dose on subsequent days (median treatment duration = 5 days). On the first 5 days of each course of chemotherapy, response to Navoban per 24-hour period was graded as: complete (absence of both nausea and vomiting), partial (1-4 vomits and/or less than 5 hours of nausea), or failure (more than 4 vomits and/or at least 5 hours of nausea). Ninety-six per cent of the intravenous chemotherapy group and 97% of the IV + IT chemotherapy group had a complete (70% and 55% respectively) or partial (26% and 42% respectively) response during the first 24-hour period of the first course in which Navoban was used. The second and subsequent courses yielded similar percentages. Delayed emesis was observed mainly during those courses employing the most emetogenic chemotherapy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Control of nausea and vomiting by Navoban (tropisetron) in 131 children receiving cytotoxic chemotherapy. 774 70

In a double-blind study, we have compared the prophylactic antiemetic effect of tropisetron 5 mg (Navoban, a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist) with that of placebo, both given as a short i.v. infusion approximately 15 min before wound closure in patients undergoing gynaecological surgery. Perioperative anaesthetic care was standardized and patients were observed for at least 24 h after operation. The 35 patients given tropisetron and 34 given placebo treatment were well matched for characteristics. Vomiting occurred in 26% of tropisetron-treated patients, compared with 59% of placebo-treated patients (P = 0.006); 69% of tropisetron-treated patients suffered nausea, compared with 88% of placebo-treated patients (P = 0.05). In addition, patients judged the antiemetic treatment with tropisetron as more effective than the placebo treatment (visual analogue score 71 vs 51 mm (P = 0.003)).
 ...
PMID:Tropisetron for postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients after gynaecological surgery. 825 Dec 79

In a prospective randomized study comprising 66 women treated for gynecologic malignancies with cisplatin-containing chemotherapy, the new 5-hydroxytryptamine3 (5-HT3) receptor antagonist tropisetron (Navoban, Sandoz Pharma Ltd.) was compared with a metoclopramide cocktail for the prevention of nausea and emesis. All patients were chemotherapy-naive. Two consecutive courses (including the 1st week posttherapy) were studied. The cisplatin doses were in the range of 50-75 mg/m2, and the regimens also contained doxorubicin, teniposide, etoposide, vincristine, and bleomycin. Complete protection against nausea during the first 24 h (course 1) was achieved in 76% of the tropisetron group and in 85% of the metoclopramide group. Emesis was prevented in 82% of the patients in both groups. During the whole 6-day period, full emetic protection was achieved in 30% and 18% of the patients in the two groups. On days 3-4 of course 1, tropisetron was superior to metoclopramide. The overall tolerability of the tropisetron was excellent or good in 94% of patients, a rate higher than that observed for the metoclopramide regimen (75%). The most common side effects for the latter regimen were sedation (82%) and extrapyramidal reactions (21%). The only significant adverse event recorded after treatment with tropisetron was headache of slight or moderate grade.
 ...
PMID:An open, randomized study to compare the efficacy and tolerability of tropisetron with that of a metoclopramide-containing antiemetic cocktail in the prevention of cisplatin-induced emesis. 828 22

Efficacy and safety of the antiemetic agent Navoban (5HT3-receptor-antagonist Tropisetron) on cytostatic-induced emesis of breast cancers and gynecological cancers was tested in 28 female patients receiving a total of 127 chemotherapy courses containing high (cisplatin), moderate high (cyclophosphamid) or moderate (for example 5 FU) emetogenic cytostatic drugs. We studied antiemetic response rates of Navoban (5 mg/d) during the first 24 hours after administration of the chemotherapy as well as response rates of the "delayed nausea and emesis" (days 2-9 after chemotherapy). A complete response was observed in 103 chemotherapy courses (= 81.1%) during the first 24 hours after chemotherapy and in 93 courses (= 73.2%) for the "delayed emesis". Treatment failures (more than 5 vomiting episodes) during the first 24 hours were present in four courses and for the "delayed emesis" in 11 courses. The side effects of Navoban such as constipation, headache or tiredness were minimum. Therefore no patient refused to receive the necessary chemotherapy. Navoban is, with its single dose application, an effective therapeutic drug for the prevention of nausea and emesis in patients receiving a chemotherapy.
 ...
PMID:[Effectiveness and tolerance of Navoban (5HT3-receptor antagonist tropisetron) in prevention of cytostatic drug-induced nausea and vomiting in patients with breast carcinomas and gynecological malignancies]. 890 Jun 4

This report of a double-blind, randomized study performed to evaluate the comparative antiemetic efficacy of tropisetron (Navoban; Sandoz Pharma Ltd, Basel, Switzerland), a new 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor antagonist, focuses on treatment during stages of chemotherapy when nausea and vomiting are particularly severe. One hundred fifteen chemotherapy-naive patients with malignant disease were administered either tropisetron (n = 58) or a dexamethasone dose plus a metoclopramide dose (n = 57) during 5 days of two successive cycles of chemotherapy. Within the first 24 hours after receiving cisplatin-based chemotherapy, 76% of patients in the tropisetron group remained free of vomiting (with 59% of patients free of nausea) compared with 39% of patients free of vomiting in the conventionally treated group (30% of patients free of nausea). Improved control of emesis also was observed over 4 consecutive days of follow-up in the tropisetron group. The difference in incidence of nausea and vomiting between the patient groups was statistically significant (P < .05). The efficacy of tropisetron was well maintained during the second consecutive chemotherapy cycle; during the first 24 hours, 72% and 62% of patients remained free of vomiting and nausea, respectively. Tropisetron appears to be a highly effective, well tolerated, and simple to use antiemetic agent for patients receiving chemotherapy.
 ...
PMID:A report comparing the use of tropisetron (Navoban), a 5-HT3 antagonist, with a standard antiemetic regimen of dexamethasone and metoclopramide in cisplatin-treated patients under conditions of severe emesis. 911 19


1 2 3 Next >>