Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Pirarubicin is a more lipophilic derivative of doxorubicin, with a higher uptake rate of cells, lower cardiotoxicity and better antitumor efficacy in preclinical models. Thirty-four patients with metastatic breast cancer were treated in a multicenter phase II study with pirarubicin (THP) using a dosage of 75 mg/m2/every 3 weeks. The patients had a median age of 56 years (range 41-73) and a performance status of WHO grade 0-2. Patients pretreated with anthracyclines, or who were older than 75 years and without sufficient bone marrow reserve were excluded. The 32 evaluable patients received a median number of 4 cycles (range 2-8). The myelosuppression was dose-limiting and led to infections (grades 1 and 2) in 5 patients. Twenty-eight patients developed leukocytopenia grade 3 and 4 toxicity and 7 patients experienced thrombocytopenia grade 1 and 2. The drug was subjectively well tolerated and nausea, vomiting and alopecia were mild. One complete remission with a duration of 15.4 months (67 weeks) and 7 partial remissions with a median duration of 9.3 months (40 weeks) were achieved, which resulted in an overall response rate of 25%. Twenty-one patients were stable for 17 weeks (median) under the treatment with pirarubicin.
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PMID:Phase II study of pirarubicin in metastatic breast cancer. 220 3

Fourteen patients with metastatic breast cancer previously treated with one chemotherapy regimen received Pirarubicin at a dose of 70 mg/m2 at 3-week intervals. In 7 patients the dose had to be reduced, in 1 patient to 40 mg/m2 and in 6 patients to 50-60 mg/m2. There were 1 complete and 2 partial remissions. These objective responses were observed in soft tissue, lung and pleural areas and lasted 1+; 4+ and 5+ months. Grade 3 and 4 leukopenia was found in 42%, grade 3 thrombocytopenia in 2%, grade 3 nausea/vomiting in 29% of the cycles. Grade 1 and 2 alopecia occurred in 64% of the patients, the remaining 36% of the patients did not suffer from any alopecia. No cardiotoxic side effects were observed in 13 patients. In 1 patient with severe coronary heart disease extrasystoles and reduction in left ventricular ejection fraction occurred. Pirarubicin has antitumor activity in previously treated metastatic breast cancer patients.
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PMID:Phase II study of pirarubicin (THP-adriamycin) in metastatic breast cancer patients. 231 31

Pirarubicin (4'-O-tetrahydropyranyladriamycin), a new anthracyline derivative, was administered as a single agent into the pleural cavity of 42 patients (total 46 courses) with malignant pleural effusion at a dose of 20, 40, 60 or 80 mg/body. All 46 courses were evaluable for non-hematological toxicities. Fever and chest pain (> or = WHO grade 2) were seen in 67.4% and 13.0% of courses, respectively. Patients receiving a dose of 80 mg/body developed fever of > or = 39 degrees C in 45.5%, and chest pain lasting more than three days and requiring pentazocine more than three times in 36.4%. In contrast, patients receiving a dose of < or = 60 mg/body presented these toxicities in only 8.6% and 2.9%, respectively. Nausea-vomiting (> or = WHO grade 2) was observed in only 4.3% of the total 46 courses and alopecia was not observed. Thirty-eight courses (36 patients) were evaluable for hematological toxicities. Myelosuppression (leukocyte nadir count < or = 1900, WHO grade 3 or 4) was seen in four courses (10.5%), and thrombocytopenia (< or = 49,000, WHO grade 3 or 4) in only two (5.3%). Although the mean AUC (0-24) for pirarubicin in plasma during the four courses that produced myelosuppression was significantly higher than that during the 11 courses without myelosuppression, the difference in the mean dose was not significant. Furthermore, no significant correlation was shown between dose (mg/m2) and AUC in plasma. It is considered that myelosuppression is not a dose-related toxicity at a dose of 20-80 mg/body. The dose-limiting toxicity was fever or chest pain, although unexpected myelosuppression was also encountered. The maximum tolerated dose was 80 mg/body. With regard to clinical efficacy, the overall response rate was 73.7% in 38 evaluable courses (38 patients). The mean T(1/2) of pirarubicin concentration in pleural effusion and plasma was 22.1 h and 8.8 h, respectively. We recommend a dose of 40 or 60 mg/body pirarubicin for this pleurodesic treatment.
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PMID:Intrapleural pirarubicin (4'-O-tetrahydropyranyladriamycin) for treatment of malignant pleural effusion. 889 73