Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twenty-four evaluable patients with advanced, persistent or recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix were treated with 750 mg/m2 of gallium nitrate (NSC #15200) every three weeks. No patient had prior cytotoxic chemotherapy. Two patients had a partial response (8.3%), ten patients had stable disease (41.7%), and twelve (50%) had increasing disease. The 95% upper confidence bound for response is 24.0%. The major toxicities were nausea, vomiting and anemia. Gallium nitrate has minimal activity in patients with previously untreated squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix.
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PMID:A phase II trial of gallium nitrate (NSC #15200) in advanced or recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. A Gynecologic Oncology Group study. 202 79

A Phase II trial of gallium nitrate for patients with recurrent or metastatic nonsquamous cell carcinoma of the cervix was conducted by the Gynecologic Oncology Group (GOG) from March 1988 to January 1992. Twenty-six evaluable patients were treated with 750 mg/m2 of gallium nitrate every 3 weeks. Age range was 30-74 years with a median of 48 years. GOG performance status was 0-1 for all but four patients. Two patients had a complete response (7.7%), 1 patient had a partial response (3.8%), 13 patients had stable disease (50.0%), and 10 (38.5%) had increasing disease. The 95% confidence interval for response is 2.4-30.2%. The major toxicities were nausea, vomiting, and anemia. Gallium nitrate has modest activity in patients with nonsquamous cell carcinoma of the cervix.
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PMID:A phase II trial of gallium nitrate (NSC #15200) in nonsquamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. A Gynecologic Oncology Group study. 852 92

Hypercalcemia is a common, life-threatening metabolic disorder that can be associated with cancer. Its pathophysiology includes enhanced osteoclastic bone resorption and decreased renal excretion of extracellular calcium. Symptoms of hypercalcemia include nausea, vomiting, bone pain, polyuria, renal insufficiency, bradycardia, and arrhythmia. The goals of medical therapy are to inhibit bone resorption and promote renal calcium excretion. Hydration is the first step in management. Treatments for hypercalcemia include phosphates, calcitonin, bisphosphonates, and gallium nitrate. Although intravenous phosphates prevent intestinal calcium absorption and inhibit mineral and bone matrix resorption, serious adverse events include renal failure, hypotension, extraskeletal calcification, and severe hypocalcemia. Calcitonin has a rapid onset of action and can lower serum calcium concentrations within hours, but its usefulness is limited by its short duration of effect and the development of tachyphylaxis. Bisphosphonates are effective inhibitors of bone resorption but appear to have decreased response rates in hypercalcemic patients with high levels of parathyroid-related protein. Gallium nitrate, an antitumor agent noncytotoxic to osteoclasts and bone cells, appears to be more effective than pamidronate, etidronate, and calcitonin in the treatment of cancer-related hypercalcemia. Importantly, unlike bisphosphonates, gallium nitrate is effective in both parathyroid-related protein-mediated and non-parathyroid-related protein-mediated hypercalcemia.
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PMID:Treatment of cancer-related hypercalcemia: the role of gallium nitrate. 1277 55