Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Fluorescein angiography is the traditional tool for the detection of choroidal neovascularization of age-related macular degeneration. However, some limitations exist which impede its efficacy in the detection of subretinal neovascularization. Indocyanine green videoangiography is a recently developed technique which differs from fluorescein angiography in many ways. We performed indocyanine green videoangiography in 18 eyes with occult choroidal neovascularization, demonstrated by fluorescein angiography. Sixteen of the 18 eyes showed an abnormal vessel loop in the early phase of indocyanine green videoangiography. In the late phase, all 18 eyes had abnormal dye retention around the suspected neovascular area; however, only 12 eyes revealed a distinct border of neovascularization. No side effects, such as nausea, vomiting, or allergic reactions, were noted in our patients. Advantages and drawbacks of indocyanine green videoangiography in comparison with fluorescein angiography are discussed.
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PMID:Indocyanine green videoangiography of choroidal neovascular membrane in age-related macular degeneration. 750 72

Endoscopic brush cytology (EBC) was performed in antral and duodenal brushings of children subjected to upper GI endoscopy for the detection of H. pylori (Hp) and trophozoites of Giardia lamblia (Glt) in addition to routine endoscopic grasp biopsy (EGB). It was hospital based prospective study. EBC was performed in children subjected to upper GI endoscopy with a sheathed cytology brush. Mucosal brushings were collected from antrum, body of the stomach and second or third part of duodenum by gently rubbing the surface of the brush with the mucosal wall in all the directions, brush withdrawn and brushings performed on a glass slide. The smears were placed in 95% ethyl alcohol and later examined for Glt and Hp using Giemsa and Hematoxylin & Eosin stain. EGB was taken from antrum, body of the stomach and duodenum from sites other than those used for brushings. One hundred and seventy children between 1-13 years (median age = 5 years) were subjected to upper GI endoscopy for malabsorption (n = 94), recurrent abdominal pain (n = 49), failure to thrive (n = 16) and recurrent vomiting/regurgitation (n = 11) and EBC was performed in addition to routine EGB. Thirty five children (20.4%) were colonized by Hp, 14 (8.2%) were detected to have Glt and in 6 cases (3.5%) both Hp as well as Glt were detected. Out of 41 cases colonized by Hp, 24 cases (58.5%) were detected by EGB and 27 cases (65.8%) were detected by EBC. Out of 20 children in whom Glt were detected from their duodenum, the detection was by EBG in 12 cases (60%) and by EBC in as many as 19 cases (95%). Comparison of EGB and EBC suggested that detection rates with EBC were higher than EGB. Detection by EBC was significantly higher for Glt than Hp. There were no complications attributed to EBC and procedure time for endoscopy was not significantly prolonged. On the contrary, detection of Hp and particularly Glt in higher proportion of cases with the help of EBC was helpful in their appropriate management. Our results suggest that EBC is a safe and useful tool to enhance the value of diagnostic endoscopic procedure when used in combination with routine EGB.
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PMID:Brush cytology: an adjunct to diagnostic upper GI endoscopy. 1145 Mar 81

Fluorescein angiography (FA) and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) have been the gold standard for the evaluation of retinal and choroidal vasculature in the last three decades and have revolutionized the diagnosis of retinal and choroidal vascular diseases. The advantage of these imaging modalities lies in their ability to document retinal and choroidal vasculature through the dynamic assessment of contrast transit over time in the intravascular and extravascular spaces. However, disadvantages include the absence of depth resolution, blurring of details by contrast leakage, and the inability to selectively evaluate different levels of the retinal and choroidal microvasculature. In addition, these angiographic methods require intravenous dye, which may cause adverse reactions such as nausea, vomiting, and rarely, anaphylaxis. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a noninvasive imaging technique that, in contrast to dye-based angiography, is faster and depth-resolved, allowing in some cases for more precise evaluation of the vascular plexuses of the retina and choroid. The method has been demonstrated in the assessment of various vascular diseases such as venous occlusions, diabetic retinopathy, macular neovascularization, and others. Limitations of this imaging modality include a small registered field of view and the inability to visualize leakage and dye transit over time. It is also subject to a variety of artifacts, including those generated by blinking and eye movement during image acquisition. However, more than an alternative for FA and ICGA, OCTA is bringing new insights to our understanding of retinal and choroidal vascular structure and is changing fundamental paradigms in the clinical management of pathologic conditions. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2016;47:848-861.].
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PMID:Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography of Chorioretinal Diseases. 2763 82

Encephalopathy and Myopathy in children of varying ages can be due to variety of causes including Mitochondrial diseases, metabolic diseases like renal tubular acidosis, storage diseases as well as fatty acid oxidation (FAO) disorders. FAO related disorders have variable clinical presentation and manifest in different ages. They may present with hypoglycemia, effort intolerance, multi organ involvement with or without ketonuria. High degree of suspicion and appropriate investigations are mandatory for diagnosis. Here we describe an 11 Year old boy, born to non - consanguineous parents. Presented with exertion induced muscle pain and fatigue of 1year duration, which slowly progressed to severe weakness and vomiting. His reflexes were retained. Therefore metabolic vs inflammatory muscle diseases were considered. Patient had ketonuria with elevated blood levels of medium chain acyl carnitine and long chain acyl carnitine suggestive of MADD. Urine organic acid assessment showed elevated excretion of 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG), adipate and arabitol. Muscle biopsy showed multiple fine vacuoles on Eosin- hematoxylin stained preparation. Modified Gomori - trichrome stain showed vacuolated fibers with red granular material consistent with ragged red fibers. Oil Red O stains showed vacuolated fibers with 'oil red O' positive material suggesting lipid storage. Above combination of features is consistent of MADD. Genetic evaluation is not done due to financial constraint. Patient was started on high dose riboflavin and carnitine, with which the child became near normal. Our patient is a case of MADD presenting as Reye's syndrome like features and showed excellent response to riboflavin, carnitine, dietary and life style changes. High degree of suspicion is lifesaving.
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PMID:Lipid Storage Myopathy with Ketonuria: A Case of Fatty Acid Oxidation-Related Myopathy and Encephalopathy due to Multiple Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency. 3027 77