Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Ketoconazole action dosed as 400-600 g per day was studied in 12 patients with prostatic metastasizing carcinoma. The decrease in serum testosterone down on castration values was stated in one G1 cancer patient and another two G1, G2 patients approximated to this level. No more than two patients with well differentiated tumour showed the significant decrease in alkaline, acid and prostatic phosphatase down to normal values. No toxic manifestations were stated with only impaired tolerance to the drug in 9 patients from them its administration was discontinued for nausea, vomiting and dysorexia in 2 cases. The favourable clinical action has been signalized in only a half patients. The drug trial showed neither significant decrease in plasmatic testosterone, nor more promising treating results in comparison with current hormonal therapy with stilbenes.
 ...
PMID:[Results of a clinical trial of ketoconazole in metastatic prostatic carcinoma]. 184 10

Ketoconazole suspension (20 mg per ml) was compared with nystatin (100,000 units per ml) in the treatment of oral candidosis in newborns and infants. In all patients Candida infection was proven by culture. Twenty patients were treated with ketoconazole and 15 patients with nystatin. Treatment was discontinued 2 days after clinical cure, or after 3 weeks. The investigator assessed the severity of the thrush and accompanying symptoms at the start of the study and at weekly controls. After one week all 20 patients on ketoconazole (100%) and 8 (53%) patients on nystatin were cured clinically. At the end of the treatment 12 patients on nystatin (80%) were cured. Clinical cure was confirmed by negative culture in 94% of the patients on ketoconazole and in 73% of the patients on nystatin. No side-effects were observed in the patients on ketoconazole. Only in the case of one patient on nystatin, was vomiting observed. This study shows that ketoconazole cures thrush faster and more effectively than nystatin.
 ...
PMID:Comparison of ketoconazole suspension and nystatin in the treatment of newborns and infants with oral candidosis. 277 12

Ketoconazole, a new oral antifungal agent, was evaluated in the treatment of four patients with severe chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis refractory to standard antifungal therapy. Three had Candida esophagitis, and too had previously received intravenous amphotericin B. Initial ketoconazole dosage was 100 mg daily for patients weighing less than 30 kg and 200 mg daily for patients over 30 kg. All four patients showed dramatic improvement on the initial dose; three had complete clearing of mucous membrane and skin lesions within three weeks. Of the three patients with Candida esophagitis, one had complete clearing of esophagitis within one month and two were markedly improved. One patient required 400 mg daily to obtain complete clearing of skin and mucous membrane lesions. Two patients were maintained free of overt disease on one dose three times weekly but two patients relapsed and have required daily ketoconazole therapy to keep them free of Candida. The only side effects were mild nausea (two patients) occasional emesis at higher doses (two patients), and transient hypocholesterolemia (one patient). No adverse hematologic, gastrointestinal, or renal effects were noted. Ketoconazole appears to be a valuable oral antifungal agent for some patients with CMC.
 ...
PMID:Successful treatment of chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis with ketoconazole. 625 9

Forty patients (22 males and 18 nonpregnant females) with tegumentary mycoses were treated with ketoconazole (R41,400). The group included 39 patients with dermatophytoses and one with tinea versicolor. Ketoconazole was administered in one dose per day taken with water 2 hr before or after breakfast for one month; patients weighing < 30 kg received 100 mg of ketoconazole per day, whereas those weighing > 30 kg received 200 mg per day. Twenty-one patients had complete clinical and mycologic cure, two responded clinically but the last culture was positive, eight had partial improvement, and three had no improvement at all. In six cases the treatment was stopped (in one because of gastric intolerance). The main adverse effect of ketoconazole was nausea; only one patient had vomiting. The results indicate that ketoconazole is a safe and effective drug for treatment of dermatomycosis.
 ...
PMID:Treatment of dermatomycoses with ketoconazole. 625 34

Candida infection of the esophagus is a frequent occurrence in both symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. In the present study, 12 symptomatic consecutive patients with Candida esophagitis. were successfully treated with oral Ketoconazole in a single dose of 200 mg daily. Response to treatment occurred in 8 days or less, with complete resolution of symptoms and endoscopic clearing of lesions. We found Ketoconazole to be well tolerated except for one patient who developed nausea, vomiting, and facial flushing while on the drug, which seemed to have been precipitated by alcohol intake. No changes in liver function tests were noted. Ketoconazole in this study was universally effective. In addition, its ease of administration, cost effectiveness, and low toxicity make it, in our opinion, the initial therapy of choice for C. esophagitis.
 ...
PMID:Ketoconazole treatment of Candida esophagitis--a prospective study of 12 cases. 630 14

Ketoconazole (Nizoral, Janssen Pharmaceutica) a new systemic antimycotic was tested in dermatomycosis in cats and dogs. The daily dose (10 mg/kg body weight) was administered for 10 or 20 days without any other measures being taken. After the 20-day treatments new hair growth was observed in 96.7 per cent of the cats and 89.9 per cent of the dogs. Clinical cure was complete in 96.8 per cent of the cats and 90.5 per cent of the dogs. Particularly the good tolerance in the cat was appreciated. There were practically no side-effects in dogs (except vomiting in two pups) or in cats.
 ...
PMID:Ketoconazole in the treatment of dermatomycosis in cats and dogs. 631 35

Ketoconazole has only recently been recognized as a cause of hepatic injury, with most reports coming from outside the United States. In order to characterize more fully the U.S. experience, we undertook an analysis of 54 reports of alleged ketoconazole-induced liver injury submitted to the Food and Drug Administration from the time of initial marketing in 1980. Thirty-three reports were considered likely instances of ketoconazole-induced hepatitis. The majority of these cases occurred in women more than 40 yr of age. Jaundice was recorded in 27 individuals after therapy of 11-168 days with an average daily dose of 200 mg. Anorexia, malaise, nausea, and vomiting accompanied liver injury in one-third of cases. No instances of rash or eosinophilia were recorded. Serum transaminase and alkaline phosphatase values were consistent with acute hepatocellular injury in 18 patients, with primarily cholestatic injury in 5 patients, and with a mixed pattern in 9 individuals. Only one death seemed attributable to ketoconazole. In that patient, the drug was continued after the appearance of clinical and biochemical evidence of hepatic injury and massive hepatocellular necrosis was present at autopsy. The incidence of symptomatic, potentially serious hepatic injury appears to be very low, perhaps 1 in 15,000 exposed individuals. The presumed mechanism of injury is metabolic idiosyncrasy, although hypersensitivity has not been completely dismissed in some cases reported in the literature. The incidence of mild, asymptomatic, reversible elevations in serum transaminases occurring in ketoconazole recipients has been estimated to be 5%-10%. Periodic biochemical testing and monitoring for symptoms of hepatitis during ketoconazole therapy is recommended to help prevent the development of serious or fatal hepatic injury.
 ...
PMID:Hepatic injury associated with ketoconazole therapy. Analysis of 33 cases. 631 20

An eight-year-old boy with Leydig cell hyperplasia (testotoxicosis) was admitted with a three-day history of rash, vomiting and diarrhoea, followed by acute onset of breathlessness and confusion. He was shocked, with liver cell and renal failure, erythematous rash and severe interstitial pneumonitis. He had been treated with ketoconazole for four years prior to admission, receiving 1200mg daily during the preceding year. Cessation of ketoconazole therapy was associated with full clinical recovery but relapse of testotoxicosis. Ketoconazole was reintroduced cautiously at a lower dose, with no ill-effect, and reasonable control of testotoxicosis. We conclude that this boy's illness, including the interstitial pneumonitis, represented a reaction to ketoconazole which was dose-related rather than idiosyncratic.
 ...
PMID:Hazards of ketoconazole therapy in testotoxicosis. 781 1

The pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, clinical efficacy, adverse effects, drug interactions, and dosage and administration of donepezil are reviewed. Donepezil is a synthetic noncovalent reversible inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) for the treatment of mild to moderate dementia associated with Alzheimer's disease. In contrast to tacrine hydrochloride, the only comparable agent currently approved by FDA, donepezil exhibits a relatively high degree of selectivity for neuronal AChE as opposed to butyrylcholinesterase. It has a half-life of 60 hours in young adults and 104 hours in elderly patients. In clinical trials, donepezil has been associated with significant improvements in Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-cognitive subscale and Clinical Interview-Based Impression of Change scores. The most common adverse effects associated with donepezil are nausea, diarrhea, anorexia, and vomiting, which are most likely to occur during dose initiation or adjustment. Hepatotoxicity, a dose-limiting adverse effect that sometimes requires discontinuation of tacrine, has not been reported with donepezil. Donepezil does not appear to interact with theophylline, cimetidine, warfarin, or digoxin. Ketoconazole and quinidine inhibit the metabolism of donepezil in vitro, but there is a lack of clinical data showing that these drugs decrease the clearance of donepezil. The initial recommended dosage is 5 mg daily before bedtime, with a dosage increase to 10 mg after four to six weeks according to the patient's response and tolerance. Donepezil appears to be preferable to tacrine as the initial agent for patients with mild to moderate dementia associated with Alzheimer's disease.
 ...
PMID:Donepezil: an anticholinesterase inhibitor for Alzheimer's disease. 942 50

A patient with AIDS and asymptomatic Chagas's disease and positive xenodiagnosis was taking ketoconazole in order to suppress parasitemia and prevent reactivation of Chagas's disease. Ketoconazole was unplanned suspended after 6 months, and the patient was admitted with fever, headache, vomiting, tachycardia, postural hypotension, hepatosplenomegaly, and positive xenodiagnosis one month later. Treatment with benzonidazole was begun leading to suppression of parasitemia. The patient had probability a neurotoxoplasmosis associated and progressed to coma and death with sepsis. No parasite was found in autopsy.
 ...
PMID:[Reactivation of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome]. 1038 May 69


1 2 Next >>