Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a Phase I trial patients with advanced malignant melanoma were treated with high-dose nitrogen mustard (HN2) and autologous bone marrow transplantation. Three patients were entered into the protocol. After procurement of 1.1--5.5 x 10(5) committed stem cells (CFU-C) per kg body wt, 33 mg/m2 of HN2 was administered i.v. as a bolus. Forty-eight hours later the noncryopreserved bone marrow was reinfused i.v. Side effects consisted of nausea, vomiting, anorexia, alopecia, phlebitis, hepatotoxicity, and neurotoxicity. Cardiotoxicity and hypocalcemia were encountered as unanticipated side effects not described so far by using lower dosages of HN2. Granulocytopenia of less than 10 x 10(9)/l and thrombocytopenia of less than 50.0 x 10(9)/l lasted for a mean of 10 and 8 days, respectively. Measureable disease present in two of three patients did not respond to the dose of HN2 used in this protocol. This study shows that hematologic recovery was shorter than previously reported in studies using HN2 without autologous bone marrow transplantation. The nonhematologic side effects of this dose of HN2, however, were severe and preclude the use of higher doses.
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PMID:High-dose nitrogen mustard (HN2) with autologous nonfrozen bone marrow transplantation in advanced malignant melanoma. A phase I trial. 701 56

Mentha piperita or peppermint is currently used for alleviating nausea, flatulence, and vomiting. In the present investigation, we evaluated the chemopreventive, antigenotoxic, and antioxidative effects of an aqueous extract of Mentha piperita leaves. One-day-old Swiss albino mice were treated with a single subcutaneous injection of 0.5 mg benzo[a]pyrene (BP) and then given either water or a Mentha extract (ME; 1 g/kg body weight) by gavage starting at 3 weeks of age (weaning). The mice were killed at 9 weeks of age and tested for lung tumor incidence (chemoprevention); bone marrow micronucleus and chromosome aberration frequency (antigenotoxicity); and levels of liver and lung sulfhydral groups, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity, and lipid peroxidation (LPO) (antioxidative properties). The ME treatment resulted in a significant reduction in the number of lung adenomas from an incidence of 67.92% in animals given only BP to 26.31%, an inhibition of 61.26%. Tumor multiplicity was 1.22 in the BP-alone group and 1.15 in the BP + ME group. In addition, compared with the animals in the BP-alone group, ME reduced the frequency of chromosomal aberrations and micronuclei in bone marrow cells and decreased the levels of LPO and increased reduced glutathione content, and SOD and CAT activities in liver as well as lung. The results of this study indicate that ME is chemopreventive and antigenotoxic when given subsequent to an initiating dose of BP in newborn Swiss albino mice. The chemopreventive action and antigenotoxic effects observed in the present study may be due to the antioxidative properties of ME.
Environ Mol Mutagen 2006 Apr
PMID:Modulatory effects of Mentha piperita on lung tumor incidence, genotoxicity, and oxidative stress in benzo[a]pyrene-treated Swiss albino mice. 1761 39