Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

During the years 1981-85, 163 patients were treated with gastric banding for morbid obesity. Mean preoperative body weight (+/- s.e.m.) was 121.3 kg +/- 1.4, and mean overweight was 71.5% +/- 1.6 according to Broca's formula. Twenty-four patients had postoperative complications during the first 30 days, mostly minor. Four required reoperation and one of these died. Seventeen patients had late complications, six persistent vomiting necessitating reoperation, eight incisional hernia and three penetration of gastric wall by band. The weight loss was rapid during the first 6 months, and thereafter levelled off. After 2 years the weight loss was 33.4 kg +/- 2.4, corresponding to a mean weight loss of 27.6 percent +/- 1.9 of preoperative weight. There was no significant difference in weight loss expressed as a percentage of preoperative weight between patients operated with an outlet of 12 mm (45 patients) or 15 mm (118 patients), nor between males (37 patients) or females (126 patients). We conclude that our technique of gastric banding seems to be a relatively safe and reliable surgical treatment for morbid obesity. But our follow-up period has been limited to 2 years or less, and a longer follow-up is necessary before the method can be fully evaluated.
 ...
PMID:Gastric banding for morbid obesity: early results. 366 69

Twenty-eight adolescents with eating disorders were analyzed in a study that included a retrospective examination of their hospital records and a letter to their family doctor and the patient. These 28 patients were dieting to lose weight, with nine reporting episodes of overeating and vomiting. The clinical characteristics of the bulimic patients versus the nonbulimic are contrasted. Bulimic patients tended to be older and ill for longer. They had a higher weight score, vomited more, and used laxatives and diet medications more frequently. They threatened suicide more often than nonbulimics and many had been overweight previously. Poor outcome was positively associated with bulimia, longer duration of illness, and older age of presentation, but not with a lower weight during the illness. However, with the exception of the presence of vomiting and being less likely to feel fat, these differences in clinical characteristics between bulimic and nonbulimic groups did not approach the level of statistical significance.
 ...
PMID:Adolescents with bulimic and nonbulimic eating disorders. 385 98

This study compared (1) purging bulimics (those who terminate binging with self-induced vomiting and/or excessive use of laxatives), N = 26; (2) non-purging bulimics, N = 24; and (3) control subjects (in whom no eating problems were apparent), N = 24. These groups were examined empirically on several personality and demographic variables. Additionally, procedures were taken to control for the effects that being overweight may have had on the personality characteristics, which surprisingly has not been undertaken in previous research on bulimia. The comparison of the bulimics (purging and non-purging bulimics grouped together) with the controls empirically confirmed former clinical observations that have linked bulimics with low self-esteem, high anxiety, external locus of control, and a high incidence of maternal and family obesity. With regard to the comparison between the purging and non-purging bulimics, no significant differences between them appeared on any of the dimensions examined here.
 ...
PMID:A pilot comparison of purging and non-purging bulimics. 385 73

Sixty-three female patients with anorexia nervosa were assessed for outcome, on average 27.5 months after treatment. The treatment program, in a general adolescent medical service, is multidisciplinary, stressing appropriate weight gain in conjunction with various therapeutic modalities. Half the group required at least one hospitalization; the remainder received treatment as outpatients. Mean weight of the patients was 41.8 kg at first contact, 46.2 kg at conclusion of treatment, and 52.2 kg at follow-up. Average height at the time of follow-up was in the 38th percentile. Average weight was in the 15th percentile at first contact, and in the 29th percentile at follow-up. Current weight is 8% below ideal. Ninety-three percent of the patients had amenorrhea at diagnosis, and 9.5% at follow-up. Vomiting declined from 59% of patients to 16%. Vomiting was significantly associated with poor outcome. The majority function successfully, academically and vocationally. Most continue to restrict diet, and 79% consider themselves overweight. Forty percent report chronic feelings of depression, and 22% have unsatisfactory social relationships. The data suggest no difference in outcome between those receiving psychotherapy (65%) and those who did not (35%). Type and duration of therapy were also not associated with long-range improvement.
 ...
PMID:Follow-up investigation in patients with anorexia nervosa. 399 27

Following a television documentary on bulimia nervosa, people who thought that they had this type of eating problem were asked to complete a confidential questionnaire. 579 women who fulfilled self-report diagnostic criteria for bulimia nervosa were thereby identified. These women closely resembled patients with bulimia nervosa, although the age range was wider. They had grossly disturbed eating habits and almost half vomited at least daily. Laxative abuse was also common. Although almost two-thirds had been overweight in the past, the majority had a weight within the normal range. A minority had previously fulfilled diagnostic criteria for anorexia nervosa. On standardized measures, these women had abnormal attitudes to their weight and shape, as well as significant levels of psychiatric symptomatology. Nearly three-quarters thought that they definitely needed professional help, yet only a third had ever been referred for psychiatric treatment. Using data from this sample and an independent sample of 499 probable bulimia nervosa cases, the significance of three issues relating to the diagnosis of bulimia nervosa were examined: laxative abuse, the frequency of self-induced vomiting, and a history of anorexia nervosa.
 ...
PMID:Binge-eating, self-induced vomiting and laxative abuse: a community study. 658 99

A survey of 355 college students was carried out to determine the prevalence of the psychiatric disorder bulimia (the binge-eating syndrome). Results of the survey indicate that, within the normal college population, 13% experienced all of the major symptoms of bulimia as outlined in the DSM-III. Within the bulimia population, 87% were females (19% of the female population) and 13% were males (5% of the male population). Although self-induced vomiting may accompany other symptoms of bulimia, the result suggest that self-induced vomiting is not a necessary symptom for diagnosis. A significant relationship between laxative use and self-induced vomiting was detected. These forms of behaviour, termed purging behaviour, occurred in an average of 10% of the students. Individuals who experienced the symptoms of bulimia had a history of being overweight or tended to be in the upper portion of their normal weight range (age, sex, and weight corrected) when compared with those individuals who had not experienced the symptoms of bulimia. No significant weight history differences were detected between vomiters and non-vomiters.
 ...
PMID:Binge-eating and vomiting: a survey of a college population. 694 15

Twenty one sequential ultrafiltration dialysis were performed to 14 patients with chronic hemodialysis, with a duration of the dialysis treatment from 2 months to 5 years. Dry ultrafiltration--2.1-5.2 litres filtrate was obtained within 90 minutes. The sequential dialysis has numerous advantages over the usual hemodialysis. Apart from the good tolerance of the patients with overweight, some other indications for its performance was stressed upon in the paper, namely: cardiac asthma, arterial hypertension difficult to correct by hemodialysis and drugs, osteodystrophia, itching during dialysis and after it, vomiting and headache during dialysis and in-between dialysis periods, pains in the legs. The patients tolerated the procedure without any complaints.
 ...
PMID:[Clinical use of sequential ultrafiltration with chronic hemodialysis patients]. 726 38

The aim of this work was to investigate the changes of cardiac performance by both electrocardiography (ECG) and echocardiography (ECHOc), in addition to anthropometric and hormonal variables before, during and after prolonged total fasting (TF) and re-feeding in an overweight adult man. Physical examination, laboratory and hormonal measurements, ultrasonographic study of body fat distribution, ECG and ECHOc study were performed before during and after 34 days of TF and after 17 days of isocaloric re-feeding. The subject was a 52-year old Caucasian who was overweight with increased abdominal fat content (BMI: 28.6; W/H ratio: 0.95) and increased levels of arterial systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP). HPLC measurements of urinary catecholamine levels (HPLC), ECHOc study of cardiac performance, ultrasonographic study of body fat distribution were performed. The subject starved for 34 days losing 22kg, but after that time he was compelled to re-feed because of nausea and severe vomiting. A marked ketosis (ketonuria > 1200mg/day) was already present after 6 days of TF. After 17 days of TF norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine (EPI) urinary levels showed a two-fold and nine-fold increase respectively, but they became undetectable at the end of TF. After 17 days of re-feeding catecholamine urinary levels were similar to those measured after 17 days of TF. After both TF and 17-day isocaloric re-feeding we found a decrease of visceral fat content and W/H ratio reached the normal values for age-matched subjects (W/H ratio after TF: 0.80, after re-feeding: 0.80).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:34-day total fast in an adult man. 771 90

As part of a prospective survey of Danish medical student's conditions we looked into the question of the frequency of bulimic behaviour in this group of students. One hundred and ninety-one (75.2%) of 254 students matriculated during 1992-1993 answered a minor structured questionnaire in 1994 about their eating habits, weight and weight control and perception of their bodies. Body mass index was calculated. Forty-five percent of the women and 15.2% of the men admitted to binge-eating, 28.0% of the women and 9.1% of the men admitted to binge-eating together with some kind of weight regulation. Fifty-six percent of the women and 25.8% of the men used some weight regulating procedures, most often exercising and eating less of sweet and fattening foods. Only a very few admitted to self-induced vomiting. Binge eating was clearly related to suppressing depressive and negative feelings. Almost 30% of the women were underweight (BMI < 20) but felt themselves to be a normal weight. The male students seemed to be more satisfied with their body and psyche than the women who more often felt overweight and were prone to binge-eating when they felt depressed, and consequently had to regulate their weight in order to live up to their ideals. In order to elucidate the magnitude of the problem of bulimic behaviour and the consequences, we need further surveys of other groups in the Danish population.
 ...
PMID:[Occurrence of bulimic behavior among a group of Danish medical students]. 779 74

In 1986-1987, more than 30,000 adolescents completed the Minnesota Adolescent Health Survey, a comprehensive assessment of adolescent health status, health behaviors, and psychosocial factors. Although the survey included relatively few items on nutrition-related issues, a wealth of knowledge about adolescent nutrition was gained. Lessons learned from a decade of subsequent analyses of data collected in the survey and implications for working with youth are summarized in this article. Major concerns identified included high prevalence rates of inadequate intake of fruits, vegetables, and dairy products; unhealthful weight-control practices; and overweight status. For example, inadequate fruit intake was reported by 28% of the adolescents and inadequate vegetable intake was reported by 36%. Among female adolescents, 12% reported chronic dieting, 30% reported binge eating, 12% reported self-induced vomiting, and 2% reported using diuretics or laxatives. Some of the risk factors for inadequate food intake patterns or unhealthful weight-control practices included low socioeconomic status, minority status, chronic illness, poor school achievement, low family connectedness, weight dissatisfaction, overweight, homosexual orientation among male adolescents, and use of health-compromising behaviors. To improve adolescent eating behaviors, the results suggest a need for innovative outreach strategies that include educational and environmental approaches. Dietitians play a key role in developing interventions and promoting research in the field of adolescent nutrition.
 ...
PMID:Lessons learned about adolescent nutrition from the Minnesota Adolescent Health Survey. 985 Jan 16


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Next >>