Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Benzocaine, an ester-type local anesthetic, was believed responsible for apparent methemoglobinemia in a cat. The cat was admitted with acute respiratory distress, vomiting, and collapse, which began 15 to 20 minutes after topical application of the drug. Treatment consisted of supportive therapy and intravenous administration of methylene blue. The respiratory rate improved within 5 to 10 minutes of methylene blue administration and continued over a period of 2 hours. Benzocaine-induced methemoglobinemia has been reported in man, dogs, and cats. This report supports the findings of others regarding the potential toxicity of topical ester-type local anesthetics.
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PMID:Methemoglobinemia associated with dermal application of benzocaine cream in a cat. 334 88

A patient with an immediate type hypersensitivity reaction against poppy seed is reported. Clinical symptoms consisted of swelling of the oral mucosa, vomiting, respiratory distress, and urticaria. Specific IgE antibodies were demonstrable by RAST.
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PMID:[Poppy seed allergy]. 338 34

Gastric volvulus is a rare cause of respiratory distress and vomiting in neonates. This diagnosis was suspected in a 4 week old baby with acute respiratory distress accompanied with vomiting, from the results of an esophagogastroduodenal radiological examination. At operation a gastric volvulus was confirmed, associated with an anatomical malformation: absence of gastrosplenic omentum predisposing to gastric volvulus with mesenterio-axial rotation. Gastropexy was followed by an uncomplicated postoperative course. A literature review confirmed rarity of this affection and raised the problem of causes of repeated vomiting in the newborn and premature infant. An often incriminated lesion is gastric plicature, a radiological notion, whereas gastric volvulus is accompanied necessarily by an altered uptake of contrast in the stomach. Acute volvulus must be distinguished from other types of volvulus, notably that observed during hiatus hernia. Early diagnosis allows rapid surgical treatment by anterior gastropexy as recommended by most authors.
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PMID:[A case of acute gastric volvulus in a newborn infant]. 360 92

Among 100 childhood brain tumors treated at Kobe Children's Hospital from May 1970 to June 1985, 18 of the children presented with symptoms during the first year of life. This paper analyzes these 18 cases. Supratentorial tumors (78%) were more common than infratentorial ones, and 67% of all the tumors were located in the central neural axis. Initial symptoms were cranial enlargement (56%), vomiting (17%), cranial deformity (11%), blepharoptosis, respiratory distress, and ataxia. Histological diagnosis of the tumors was as follows: teratoma (3 cases), medulloblastoma (3), glioblastoma (2), astrocytoma (2), ependymoma (2), craniopharyngioma (1), choroid plexus papilloma (1), hamartoma (1), lipoma (1), melanotic progonoma (1), and an undetermined type, probably medulloblastoma (1). Seventeen of the patients underwent craniotomy for tumor resection (4 total, 4 subtotal and 7 partial removal, and 2 biopsies). Additional therapeutic methods used separately and in various combinations included ventriculoperitoneal shunt, subduralperitoneal shunt, ventricular drainage, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Nine patients died (average 98 days) after surgery. Of the 9 survivors, 6 are still alive after more than 5 years. Five of the 6 are mentally retarded and 4 are physically handicapped to some degree.
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PMID:Intracranial tumors in the first year of life. 377 67

The clinical and physiologic features of 28 infants with Pierre Robin syndrome and those of 20 infants with various types of nasal obstruction were reviewed to determine whether different causes of upper airway obstructure may lead to a common syndrome. The patients had no significant differences in distribution of main clinical manifestations. Their features included cyanosis with respiratory distress, apneic spells, oropharyngeal dysphagia, vomiting, failure to thrive, cor pulmonale, brain damage, and sudden death during sleep. The common physiologic manifestation appeared to be an oropharyngeal obstruction caused by glossoptosis, which occurred mainly during wakefulness. Upper airway obstruction led to hypoxemia, which, in many instances, was not associated with hypercapnia and was not relieved by oxygen administration. It is concluded that regardless of a specific cause, any airway obstruction that results in a decreased inspiratory pressure overcoming the airway maintaining genioglossus action causes a glossoptosis-apnea syndrome.
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PMID:Glossoptosis-apnea syndrome in infancy. 399 Dec 69

In a retrospective study, 113 bites which occurred in Switzerland within a 16-year period by either of the two indigenous adders (Vipera berus and Vipera aspis) were analyzed. 13 patients showed no signs of envenomation. Out of the other 100, 62 patients had merely minor (local edema only) and 24 moderate envenomation (vomiting, diarrhea, cramps, hypotension), while 24 had severe envenomation (shock and angioneurotic edema of the tongue and lips). No fatalities were recorded. In residents of the endemic area the bites occurred accidentally in 86% of the cases, while tourists were bitten after manipulating the snake in 42%. Specific antivenin was given to 49 of 95 hospitalized patients. In cases of severe envenomation (n = 14) a reduction of the median duration of hospitalization from 10 days in patients without antivenin therapy (n = 4) to 5 days in patients with antivenin therapy (n = 10) was obtained. In cases of moderate (n = 21) or minor envenomation (n = 49), antivenin therapy did not influence the hospital stay of 4 and 2 days respectively. In the 11 patients with bites not followed by envenomation the antivenin treatment increased the duration of hospitalization from 1 day (in 6 patients without antivenin) to 2 days (in 5 patients with antivenin). Side effects of the antivenin treatment, such as urticaria, angioneurotic edema, respiratory distress, fever and lymphadenopathy were noted in 4 out of 49 patients.
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PMID:[Poisoning by domestic vipers (Vipera berus and Vipera aspis). A retrospective study of 113 patients]. 402 76

Clinical and radiographic observations in 34 infants and children with congenital stenosis of the oesophagus are reported. (1) Congenital stenosis of the oesophagus occurs more frequently than the previous literature suggests. (2) A congenital stenosis most commonly affects the lower oesophagus at the junction of its middle and distal thirds. (3) High oesophageal stenosis is less common, usually producing respiratory distress. Low oesophageal stenosis is more frequent, usually producing vomiting and oesophageal obstruction at the time the patients begin eating solid foods. (4) Oesophageal stenosis persists into adult life although its clinical course is benign. (5) An infant who vomits undigested food should have an oesophagram for evaluation of possible congenital oesophageal stenosis. (6) A child who impacts a foreign body in the oesophagus, particularly in the distal half of the oesophagus, should have a follow-up oesophagram after removal of the foreign body to assess the possibility of congenital oesophageal stenosis.
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PMID:Congenital oesophageal stenosis. 406 8

In the etiology of premature labor prostaglandins fulfill a significant role. It is known that indomethacin is a strong inhibitor of prostaglandin synthesis. The effect of indomethacin on premature labor was studied in a prospective randomized double-blind study in 36 patients. Eighteen patients received indomethacin and eighteen received placebo. 200-300 mg of indomethacin was the total dosage in a 24 hours period. The activity of the uterus was monitored with a cardiotocograph. The mean duration of pregnancy and the mean birth weight in indomethacin group (36.4 weeks, 2833 g) were both significantly greater (p less than 0.001) than that in placebo group (31.2 weeks, 2028 g). In the indomethacin group 3 children weighted less than 2500 g compared with 14 in placebo group. In 15 of 18 indomethacin treated patients (83.3%) premature labor was arrested after indomethacin treatment compared with 4 of 18 in the placebo group (22.2%). The indomethacin group had a mean 1 minute APGAR score of 9.3 +/- 0.2 whereas the placebo group showed a score of 7.8 +/- 0.5 (p less than 0.01). Three infants died from respiratory distress syndrome; one in the indomethacin group (1810 g) and two in the placebo group (600 and 1450 g). Autopsies in the infants demonstrated a typical picture of pulmonary atelectasis and hyaline membranes. There was no evidence of premature closure of the ductus arteriosus or pulmonary hypertension. 2 mothers in the indomethacin group suffered minor discomfort i.e. nausea, vomiting and vertigo.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Further study of the inhibition of premature labor by indomethacin. Part II double-blind study. 637 98

A fatal case of oral ingestion of potassium dichromate is presented. Following an initial presentation of abdominal pain and vomiting, the patient had a rapid progression to coma with the development of methemoglobinemia, coagulopathy, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, and respiratory distress syndrome. A blood concentration of chromium on admission was 5,800 mcg/dL, 80% of which was found to be in the intracellular fraction. Supportive treatment was also initiated as a four-hour period of hemodialysis followed by a one-hour period of charcoal hemoperfusion. Neither of these treatment modalities was found to significantly remove chromium from whole blood and neither seemed to affect the progression or outcome of this intoxication. We conclude that the ingestion of potassium dichromate is highly toxic and may rapidly lead to death. Hemodialysis and charcoal hemoperfusion appear to have little role in the management of chromium intoxication.
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PMID:Failure of dialysis therapy in potassium dichromate poisoning. 668 Jan 30

A boy, aged 7 months, of consanguineous parents presented with an acute onset of vomiting, fever, nonketotic hypoglycemia and acidosis and died from cardiac arrest after ventricular fibrillation. He had hepatomegaly and echocardiographically a non-obstructive cardiomyopathy. Autopsy was not allowed. After birth the child had suffered from a severe respiratory distress syndrome, transient metabolic acidosis and had a sweaty feet odour. Later on, development was retarded with a severe muscular hypotonia. Post mortem, numerous unusual organic acids were found in high concentrations in urine, e.g. dicarbonic acids, 2-hydroxyisobutyric, isovaleric, 3-hydroxyisovaleric acid, N-acyl glycines, isovalerylglutamic acid and sarcosine. This pattern indicated deficiencies of several acyl-Co A dehydrogenases in the metabolism of leucine, isoleucine, valine, lysine, short-chain fatty acids and sarcosine. This could be confirmed using cultured skin fibroblasts which were shown to degrade the corresponding labeled substrates insufficiently to 14CO2. It is assumed that the functional multiple acyl-Co A dehydrogenation deficiency is caused by a deficiency of a common link in the electron transfer system of these dehydrogenases which is inherited autosomal recessively in this family. Among the 12 patients reported, 7 died within the first 5 days of age.
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PMID:Multiple acyl-Co A dehydrogenation deficiency (MADD) in a boy with nonketotic hypoglycemia, hepatomegaly, muscle hypotonia and cardiomyopathy. Detection of N-isovalerylglutamic acid and its monoamide. 686 97


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