Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

During the period December 1984 to October 1988, adenoviruses (Ads) were isolated on 119 occasions (1.6%) from stool samples of patients with gastroenteritis. By DNA restriction analysis, 85 enteric adenoviruses (EAds) were identified. Sixty-seven patients with these infections were studied, of whom 18 had Ad40, 30 had Ad41 and 19 had untyped Ad infections. The incidence of Ad infection was high in children between 6 and 11 months of age. The illness was characterized by watery diarrhea (whitish in one third of patients), continuing for a mean of 4.5 days, and vomiting, which occurred more often in patients with EAds than in other types of infection. Diarrhea, fever and vomiting were seen significantly more frequently in patients with Ad40 than in Ad41 infection. Diarrhea and vomiting were also seen significantly more frequently in patients with EAds than in Ads infection. Diarrhea, fever and vomiting were observed more frequently in patients with rotavirus than EAds infection.
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PMID:Clinical features of enteric adenovirus infection in infants. 166 48

Over the November 1981 to December 1985 period, a questionnaire was completed by the counselor on 163 patients attending the Parkview clinic (Wellington, New Zealand) for termination of pregnancy due to failure of oral contraception (OC). The reasons for selecting reliable pill takers for special study were: to obtain data on the characteristics of this group; to confirm to what extent previously recognized factors in OC method failure are operating in New Zealand; to determine the numbers who failed on antibiotic medication; and to explore other factors not previously studied such as weight, smoking, stress, and amenorrhea; and, on the basis of the findings, to make practical recommendations for improved instructions in the use of OC. Patients were excluded if there was any question regarding their reliability in OC use. The questionnaire was completed after the abortion had been performed to minimize the effect of withholding information in order to present a better case for termination. 41 patients (25%) were aged 15-19 years, 60 patients (37%) were aged 20-24 years, 40 patients (25%) were aged 25-29 years, and 20 (12%) were aged 30 years and older. 91 patients were under 70 kilograms, and 17 patients were 70 kilograms or more. 82 patients (50%) were nonsmokers; 68 patients smoked more than 10 cigarettes a day (42%), and 13 patients smoked less than 10 cigarettes a day (8%). In 27 patients (7%), there was a history of previous pill failure and in 6 patients there was a previous failure while using an IUD. In 8 of the 27 patients who experienced a 2nd pill failure, there was no obvious predisposing factor on this occasion. In 11 cases (7%) failure occurred in the 1st month of use. In 51 cases (31%) it occurred between 1-6 months. In 35 cases (21%) it occurred between 6-12 months. In 50 cases (31%) it occurred between 1-5 years. In 16 cases (10%) patients had been on the for more than 5 years. In the 11 cases where failure occurred in the 1st month of use, 7 patients had been using another brand in the month before, and this was not necessarily a higher dose pill. In 3 cases they were starting the pill after abstinence and in 1 case after the use of a barrier method. In 6 cases predisposing factors such as diarrhea and/or vomiting, antibiotic use, or breakthrough bleeding were present, but in the remaining 5 cases there were no known predisposing factors. Excluding patients who had failed on a progestogen-only pill when irregular menses may occur, there were 29 patients who gave a history of breakthrough bleeding on the combined pill (21%). This associated with other predisposing factors in 18 cases (13). Vomiting only was associated with 14 failures (9%); diarrhea only was associated with 23 failures (14%). Diarrhea and vomiting was associated with 19 failures (12%). In 37 cases (23%), failure was associated with the use of antibiotics. 2 failures occurred on anticonvulsant medication. Recommendations are made for improved instructions to patients.
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PMID:Pill method failures. 347 Jun 67

Twenty-six, ten-week-old mink were infected by force feeding by pipette 2 ml of a tissue suspension containing a Wisconsin strain of mink enteritis virus. Four days later, diarrhea and partial or complete loss of appetite developed simultaneously in all of the animals. Squinting and occasional vomiting were also observed. By the sixth day after inoculation, all of the mink were anorectic and weak. Anorexia persisted for 48 to 96 hours. Diarrhea and vomiting continued until the eighth to ninth day after exposure. For the first two days after the appearance of diarrhea, the feces contained large quantities of mucus and intestinal casts were seen frequently in the droppings. Thereafter, the feces consisted mostly of yellowish green, watery fluid and contained no casts. Some of the animals died on the eighth day after infection. Those which survived were severely dehydrated and debilitated, but resumed eating and achieved complete clinical recovery within the next five to six days.Leukopenia, i.e., total leukocyte count of less than 5,000 cells per mm(3) of blood, was found in seven of nine mink examined during the height of the disease. Leukopenic animals were deficient in both lymphocytes and neutrophils.
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PMID:Some clinical and hematological features of virus enteritis of mink. 423 66

Diarrhoea and vomiting are common symptoms in infants up to six months of age. While the symptoms often reflect a gastrointestinal disorder the attending physician needs to be aware of possible non gastrointestinal causes. Such symptoms occurring in the newborn often point to congenital causes. Dehydration and nutrition are the key points needing attention in the management of diarrhoea in infants. Drugs virtually have no role in the management of diarrhoea and vomiting in infants.
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PMID:Vomiting and diarrhoea. 781 90

The changing epidemiology of cholera in Ibadan, Nigeria, has become a public health challenge, and outbreaks of the disease have been occurring with increasing frequency since the first outbreak in modern times in 1970. In this outbreak, 1384 persons were seen, diagnosed and treated for the disease at the cholera unit, Ibadan from January to December 1996. The outbreak lasted for a whole year. No child under one year was seen. The age adjusted case fatality rate was 5.3%. Diarrhoea and vomiting were the most common combination of symptoms present in 97.3% of all cases, followed by diarrhoea, vomiting and dehydration (84.3%). The median number of days spent on admission was only 2 days. Cholera cases were clustered within the densely populated and poorly planned areas of the city. Though significantly more cases were seen during the rainy season than during the dry season (p<0.01), the deaths were not seasonally related (p = 0.67). Contamination of otherwise potable sources of water, late presentation to the cholera treatment unit and low levels of knowledge about diseases need to be addressed in order to effectively control this disease in the community. Progress should also be made towards developing a suitable vaccine for the control of this internationally important public health disease so that the responsibility of its control is not left entirely to individuals and communities, particularly in developing countries.
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PMID:Outbreak of cholera in Ibadan, Nigeria. 1041 78

In order to determine the incidence, seasonal distribution and clinical characteristics of norovirus in children and analyse the genogroups of norovirus, immunochromatography was used to detect the virus in stool samples. Randomly selected subsets of samples were analysed for genogroups with a multiplex polymerase chain reaction method. Seasonal distribution of norovirus, symptoms, physical and laboratory findings of patients and treatment models were evaluated retrospectively in 2009. In all, norovirus was examined in 520 stool samples. The infection rate was 9.6% (50/520) among patients of acute gastroenteritis in 2009. The virus was mostly detected in the first 24 months of life (50%). Gastroenteritis with norovirus was most frequently found in February, May, July and September. The main symptoms were diarrhoea (100%) and vomiting (95.5%). In some patients affected by norovirus infection higher urine density, ketonuria and high CRP levels were observed. Antiemetic drugs and intravenous fluid-electrolyte therapy were given to 37 (84%) and 26 (59%) of patients, respectively. Hospitalisation was required in 11 patients (25%). All the randomly selected 28 samples (100%) had norovirus genogroup II. In conclusion, norovirus (genogroup II) mostly affected children in the first two years of life and was more frequently observed in February, May, July and September of 2009. Diarrhoea and vomiting were the most frequent symptoms. Antiemetic drugs, intravenous fluid-electrolyte therapy and hospitalisation were usually required in these patients.
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PMID:Annual report on norovirus in children with acute gastroenteritis in 2009 and their genotypes in Turkey. 2433 56