Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The aim of the present study is to determine the effect of blood lead on the health of industrial workers in United Arab Emirates (UAE). This is a cross-sectional pilot survey of blood lead levels (BLL) of 100 industrial workers (exposed) and 100 non-industrial workers (nonexposed), matched for age, sex and nationality selected from Al-Ain, Abu-Dhabi Emirate. Industrial workers had significantly higher mean of BLL (77.5+/-42.8 microg/dl and median 80.9 microg/dl) than non-industrial workers (19.8+/-12.3 microg/dl and median 11.0 microg/dl). In the present study, reported symptoms among industrial workers were strongly associated with BLL nausea/vomiting, muscular symptoms, dizziness, fatigue, irritability, memory disturbances, insomnia and allergic conjuctivitis, rhinitis and dermatitis. Furthermore, the present study revealed that industrial workers had higher prevalence of respiratory symptoms for phlegm, shortness of breath and diagnosed asthma. In conclusion, this study determined that occurrence of certain symptoms might be associated with lead exposure among industrial workers.
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PMID:A pilot survey of blood lead levels in various types of workers in the United Arab Emirates. 1168 41

A 52-year-old lady with a history of hypertension, dilated cardiomyopathy and diabetes mellitus type 2, presented with severe upper abdominal pain and vomiting of 4 hours duration. Acute pancreatitis was diagnosed based on high serum amylase and an abdominal computerized tomography scan. On the 3rd day she developed fever, increasing abdominal pain and shortness of breath. A repeated computerized tomography scan showed severe pancreatic necrosis and right adrenal hemorrhage.
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PMID:Acute pancreatitis complicated by spontaneous unilateral adrenal hemorrhage. 1207 May 59

Guidelines are provided for women who take combined oral contraceptives. Women should carefully read and follow the instructions provided on the package insert and initiate pill taking as advised by their clinicians. Clincians generally advise patients to either start on the 1st day of their menstrual period, 5 days following the 1st menstrual day, or the 1st Sunday following the 1st menstrual day. Women should not start taking OCs at any other time unless they are absolutely sure that they are not pregnant. A backup method should be used until menstruation reoccurs. Women on a 21-day regimen should take 1 pill/day for 21 days, stop for 1 week, and then start over again with a new package. Women on a 28-day regimen should take 1 pill each day for 28 days and start a new package on the 29th day. The pill should be taken at the same time each day, and as an aid in remembering, women should try to associate taking the pill with an activity they perform daily. If a woman misses 1 pill, she should immediately, upon remembering, take the missed pill, take the next day's pill at the regular time, and use a backup method until menstruation begins. If 2 pills are missed, the women should take 2 pills immediately, and 2 pills the following day at the regular time. A backup method should be used until menstruation reoccurs. If 3 pills are missed, there are several alternates which can be followed; however, the woman should consider switching to a more suitable method. If a woman misses a period and took all her pills, it is unlikely that she is pregnant. She should simply start a new packet at the regular time. Women who miss a period, and also missed a pill, and women who missed 2 periods, even if they took all their pills, should contact their clinicians and have a pregnancy test. Women who are pregnant should immediately stop taking the pill. OC users who want to become pregnant should stop taking the pill, but use a backup method until they have 3 normal menstrual periods. If a women experiences diarrhea or vomiting at some point during her cycle, she should use a backup method until menstruation reoccurs. Women who are being examined or treated by a physician for any reason, should always inform the physician that they are taking OCs. Women who smoke more than 14 cigarettes a day should not use OCs. OC users who experience any mood changes or changes in sex drive should inform their clinician. These problems can sometimes be avoided by switching to another brand of OCs. Women who use OCs should immediately seek medical attention if they experience severe abdominal pain, chest pain, shortness of breath, severe headaches, vision problems, or severe leg pains.
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PMID:Instructions for combined pill users. 1227 14

Dihydroetorphine (DHE) is one of the strongest analgesic opioid alkaloids known; it is 1000 to 12000 times more potent than morphine. Several in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that DHE is a selective mu-opioid receptor (OP(3)) agonist that also binds and activates all human recombinant mu-, delta-, and kappa-opioid receptors (OP(3), OP(1), and OP(2)). The onset of the analgesic effect of DHE in rodents is rapid, 5 to 15 min after parenteral administration; the duration of action is short, the analgesic effect disappears within 120 min after administration. By oral administration much higher doses of DHE are required to produce analgesic effects. These characteristics are accounted for by the pharmacokinetic properties of DHE in the rat, namely, by rapid distribution of DHE from the injection site to the brain and rapid metabolism by glucuronidation in the gut and liver followed by elimination into the bile. Continuous infusion and repeated administration of DHE lead to the development of tolerance to analgesia, physical dependence, and a rewarding effect in normal rats but not in animals with formalin-induced inflammation. Although formalin-induced inflammation is only one type of pain stimulus, these findings suggest that DHE addiction would be observed only in the case of pain-free conditions. Clinical reports in China show that sublingual doses of DHE, 20 to 180 microg, produce a potent analgesic effect with only mild side effects, including dizziness, somnolence, nausea, vomiting, constipation, and shortness of breath. To improve the short-lasting effect following sublingual administration, transdermal delivery of DHE via a patch has been investigated. The patch formulation of DHE produces continuous analgesic effect with minimal physical dependence and rewarding effect in rats suffering from chronic pain. This patch formulation, which is very suitable for DHE, may be viable for the treatment of severe pain and is likely to improve patients' quality of life.
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PMID:Dihydroetorphine: a potent analgesic: pharmacology, toxicology, pharmacokinetics, and clinical effects. 1248 Nov 94

A 1-day-old female infant presented with vomiting immediately after feeding and shortness of breath after birth. Esophagography revealed external compression of the esophagus. Echocardiography showed a right aortic arch with mirror image branching of brachiocephalic vessels without intracardiac anomalies. Left ventriculography confirmed the echocardiography findings and revealed a tenting of the proximal part of the left subclavian artery and a blind pouch of Kommerell diverticulum at the descending aorta. The patient underwent surgery, which revealed a complete vascular ring compressing the trachea and the esophagus. The ring was formed by a right aortic arch, atretic left arch and left ligamentum arteriosum. Following surgical division of the ligamentum arteriosum and the atretic left arch, the symptoms subsequently improved.
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PMID:Vascular ring due to double aortic arch with atretic left arch and left ligamentum arteriosum: report of one case. 1452 Oct 25

The authors report a case of a 39-year-old woman who sustained an injury to her left knee requiring arthroscopic surgical medial menisectomy and ganglionic block for reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome. Approximately 1 year after injury, the patient presented with an elevated white blood cell count and fever and was diagnosed to have a psoas muscle abscess, which was treated with antibiotics. She was also taking 4 different oral medications that contained microcrystalline cellulose as a filter. Approximately 1 month after being diagnosed with the psoas muscle abscess, the patient developed shortness of breath, marked weakness, diaphoresis, and intermittent emesis. She became hypotensive and tachyneic and expired. Postmortem examination showed granulomatous vasculitis with extensive occlusions of pulmonary arteries by birefringent crystalline material identified to be cellulose histochemically and by analytical electron microscopy evaluation. This case report describes the ultrastructural and chemical features of various medicinal tablet fillers and compares them to pure samples. This report also demonstrates the usefulness of analytical electron microscopy in accurately identifying birefringent material in lung tissue.
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PMID:Pulmonary granulomatous vasculitis induced by insoluble particulates: a case report. 1466 Feb 83

Lactic acidosis is an uncommon but potentially life-threatening adverse effect of didanosine. When given concomitantly with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (DF), the area under the concentration-time curve of didanosine is increased by 48-60%. A 63-year-old man with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection tolerated several didanosine-containing antiretroviral regimens. He developed generalized weakness, loss of appetite, weight loss, nausea, and vomiting 1.5 years after tenofovir DF was added to his didanosine-containing regimen. He was diagnosed with lactic acidosis and died after a 13-day hospital stay, when his lactate level increased to 189.7 mg/dl and his arterial blood gas pH value fell to 6.75. Health care providers should maintain a high index of suspicion for lactic acidosis in patients with HIV infection who receive didanosine and tenofovir DF concurrently. For patients receiving antiretroviral regimens containing this drug combination, it would be prudent to monitor lactate levels periodically. This is especially important when patients experience symptoms suggestive of lactic acidosis, such as weakness, abdominal pain, weight loss, nausea and vomiting, and shortness of breath.
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PMID:Fatal lactic acidosis associated with coadministration of didanosine and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate. 1533 57

A prospective study on the effect of profiled hemodialysis on intradialytic symptoms was undertaken among patients recruited between September 2002 and December 2002. Evaluated intradialytic symptoms included hypotension, muscle cramps, dizziness, headache, nausea, discomfort, thirst, and shortness of breath. Symptomatic patients were allocated to one mode of combined sodium and ultrafiltration profile during hemodialysis. The programs were readily available on Fresenius MC 4008 H&E hemodialysis machines. Evaluation was performed before profiling and at 2, 4, and 6 weeks into the profiled hemodialysis. On standard hemodialysis 40 (36.4%) patients were symptomatic. Hypotension was reported in 29 (72.5%) of patients receiving standard treatment. Dizziness, headache, and muscle cramps were reported in 22 (55%), 15 (37.5%), and 9 (22.5%) patients, respectively. These symptoms were significantly (P <.05) improved at 2, 4, and 6 weeks of profiling. Other symptoms, such as discomfort, nausea, vomiting, and thirst, were infrequently reported among patients without or with profiling. There was no significant difference between the applied profiles when compared with each other. In conclusion, sodium and ultrafiltration profiling are effective techniques to reduce acute adverse side effects of hemodialysis. They improve patient well-being and dialysis tolerance, minimize interventions during dialysis.
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PMID:Profiled hemodialysis reduces intradialytic symptoms. 1535 Apr 88

We compared the clinical features of 8 U.S. case-patients with laboratory-confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) to 65 controls who tested negative for SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) infection. Shortness of breath, vomiting, diarrhea, progressive bilateral infiltrates on chest radiograph, and need for supplemental oxygen were significantly associated with confirmed SARS-CoV infection.
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PMID:SARS clinical features, United States, 2003. 1570 39

Postural tachycardia syndrome (POTS) is a disabling condition that commonly affects otherwise normal young females. Because these patients can present with a flushing disorder, we hypothesized that mast cell activation (MCA) can contribute to its pathogenesis. Here we describe POTS patients with MCA (MCA+POTS), diagnosed by episodes of flushing and abnormal increases in urine methylhistamine, and compared them to POTS patients with episodic flushing but normal urine methylhistamine and to normal healthy age-matched female controls. MCA+POTS patients were characterized by episodes of flushing, shortness of breath, headache, lightheadedness, excessive diuresis, and gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting. Triggering events include long-term standing, exercise, premenstrual cycle, meals, and sexual intercourse. In addition, patients were disabled by orthostatic intolerance and a characteristic hyperadrenergic response to posture, with orthostatic tachycardia (from 79+/-4 to 114+/-6 bpm), increased systolic blood pressure on standing (from 117+/-5 to 126+/-7 mm Hg versus no change in POTS controls), increased systolic blood pressure at the end of phase II of the Valsalva maneuver (157+/-12 versus 117+/-9 in normal controls and 119+/-7 mm Hg in POTS; P=0.048), and an exaggerated phase IV blood pressure overshoot (50+/-10 versus 17+/-3 mm Hg in normal controls; P<0.05). In conclusion, MCA should be considered in patients with POTS presenting with flushing. These patients often present with a typical hyperadrenergic response, but beta-blockers should be used with great caution, if at all, and treatment directed against mast cell mediators may be required.
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PMID:Hyperadrenergic postural tachycardia syndrome in mast cell activation disorders. 1571 Jul 81


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