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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a carefully executed study with a high response rate, a random sample of 10% of the undergraduate student body at a rural New England university was surveyed as to the subjects' use of alcohol in 1987. Over 87% of the surveyed students returned questionnaires. The results were compared to similar studies conducted on the campus in 1977 and 1983. "Daily or almost daily" use of alcohol was registered by 4.7% of the respondents, which represents a continuing decrease in daily consumption from earlier studies. One-fourth of the sample indicated drinking only one drink or fewer per week, contrary to the common perception on the campus. Nevertheless, 25.5% recorded a hangover, 7.5% recorded vomiting from drinking too much and 4.4% recorded a blackout, all "in the last week." Compared to the U.S. population, alcohol consumption appears to be more evenly distributed in the college sample but, still, most of the drinking is done by one-fifth of both groups.
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PMID:Alcohol consumption by college undergraduates: current use and 10-year trends. 223 90

Alcoholism is noted to be a common problem in Canada and particularly in native populations. We report here a survey of the frequency of evidence of alcoholism over a period of four months in a relatively isolated Northern Ontario population in which more than 80% were either status Indians or of partly Indian origin. Using questionnaire methods, "definite" alcoholism was found to affect 27% of adults seen at a clinic and probable alcoholism affected another 20%. This gives a minimum prevalence of 14.6% of the local adult population over a four month period on the basis merely of examination of less than one third of the adults in the community. Blackouts, tremors, bad temper, chest pain, unsteadiness, loss of appetite, vomiting, sadness and stomach pain occurred significantly more often in the alcoholic patients. Stomach pain, loss of appetite and vomiting were less prominent with alcoholism in this population than in a Southern population. The findings indicate the importance in general practice of looking for alcoholism, the ease with which this may be undertaken with a few very simple short questions and the importance of some characteristic patterns, especially blackouts, shakiness and unsteadiness as one pattern and stomach pain and other gastro-intestinal symptoms as another pattern.
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PMID:Symptom patterns of alcoholism in a northern Ontario population. 335 92

491 consecutive adult patients who consulted their family physician for routine medical problems completed a five item screening questionnaire for alcoholism and a checklist of 12 commonly occurring symptoms. More than 11% showed definite evidence of alcoholism while another 6% showed probable evidence. Review of the medical record for that visit revealed that a large proportion of the alcoholics detected through this method were not diagnosed as such nor was alcohol charted as a significant factor in their medical problems. Patients who reported common symptoms such as blackouts, tremors, temper outbursts, chest pain, unsteadiness, loss of appetite, vomiting, sadness and "stomach pain" had significantly higher rates of alcoholism than those who did not report these symptoms. In order to detect alcoholism in family practice, it may be useful to routinely ask a few inoffensive questions to increase significantly the detection rate.
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PMID:Screening for alcoholism in family practice. 345 21

A multivariate analysis of the data was conducted to evaluate the effects of age, gender, and performance status on symptom profile. A comprehensive prospective analysis of symptoms was conducted in 1,000 patients on initial referral to the Palliative Medicine Program of the Cleveland Clinic. The median number of symptoms per patient was 11 (range 1-27). The ten most prevalent symptoms were pain, easy fatigue, weakness, anorexia, lack of energy, dry mouth, constipation, early satiety, dyspnea, and greater than 10% weight loss. The prevalence of these 10 symptoms ranged from 50% to 84%. Younger age was associated with 11 symptoms: blackout, vomiting, pain, nausea, headache, sedation, bloating, sleep problems, anxiety, depression, and constipation. Gender was associated with 8 symptoms. Males had more dysphagia, hoarseness, >10% weight loss and sleep problems; females, more early satiety, nausea, vomiting, and anxiety. Performance status was associated with 14 symptoms. Advanced cancer patients are polysymptomatic. Ten symptoms are highly prevalent. Symptom prevalence for 24 individual symptoms differs with age, or gender, or performance status.
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PMID:The symptoms of advanced cancer: relationship to age, gender, and performance status in 1,000 patients. 1078 56

The first national survey of Japanese adolescent drinking behaviors was conducted in 1996. Based on the survey results, this study focused on high risk drinking behaviors of Japanese adolescent problem drinkers. The subjects were 42,183 junior high school students and 72,396 senior high school students who responded to questions on drinking frequency and drinking quantity among the national survey subjects. The subject students were divided into three groups: normal adolescents, drinkers and problem drinkers by the QF scale. The problem drinkers according to the QF scale accounted for 3% of the junior high school students and 14% of senior high school students. Problem drinkers among both junior and senior high school students had characteristic drinking behaviors such as various drinking occasions, obtaining alcoholic drinks by various methods, drinking hard liquor, and many instances of vomiting or blackouts due to drinking. Many problem drinkers considered that the national law prohibiting minors from drinking was unnecessary because they have the right to decide whether to drink. Both junior and senior high school problem drinkers showed high risk drinking behaviors.
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PMID:[Drinking behaviors of Japanese adolescents' problem drinker--report of 1996 national survey]. 1132 32

We conducted a survey on behavior of drinking alcoholic beverages among students in November, 2000 in the area covered with Wakkanai Health Center of Hokkaido, Japan. A questionnaire was completed by 743 junior high school students (88.9% of the study subjects) and 791 senior high school students (76.3% of the study subjects). As a result, the proportion of the students who drank more than once per month was higher in this area than in other places of Japan. For example, 90.2% and 87.9% in the male and female senior high school students of the third grade drank more than once per month. Their frequent drinking was not related to their early onset of drinking. They often drank alone or only with their friends. Frequent drinkers among the students tended to get alcohol beverages from various roots, including face-to-face salespersons in package stores, convenience stores, or bars. Frequent drinkers among the students tended to have more experienced the problems associated with drinking such as blackout and vomiting. A large proportion of the students in this area had relatively poor knowledge about harmfulness of drinking. It has been suggested that people in this area are permissive to drinking among youngsters, as compared to other places in Japan. We think that it is indispensable to communicate or educate harmfulness of drinking during adolescence for students as well as for their parents, especially, in this area.
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PMID:[Behavior of drinking alcoholic beverages among junior and senior high school students in the area covered with Wakkanai Health Center of Hokkaido, Japan]. 1172 34

Brief feedback sessions have been shown to reduce alcohol consumption in college student samples. However, these feedback sessions show mixed results in reducing negative consequences of alcohol consumption. Because the discussion of alcohol consequences is a component of feedback sessions, it was seen as important to evaluate the degree to which college students perceive these consequences as negative. The present study assessed college students' perceptions of positivity-negativity of alcohol related consequences they experienced during the past year. The findings revealed college students' perceptions of positivity-negativity varied depending on the consequence that was assessed. Most consequences were considered negative by greater than 50% of the sample. There were six consequences that were not considered negative by the majority of the sample and of these, all were considered positive or neutral by greater than at least 50% of the sample. Finally, perceived positivity of the consequences were associated with higher weekly drinking patterns for vomiting, blackouts, regretted sex, late to work/class, skipping an evening meal, and being hungover. Results are discussed in reference to improving brief alcohol interventions for college students.
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PMID:Are all negative consequences truly negative? Assessing variations among college students' perceptions of alcohol related consequences. 1863 84

A 29-year-old immunocompetent patient presented with a 3-month history of headache and vomiting. Computed tomography (CT) and conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a mass lesion in the right sphenoid wing. The conventional imaging findings were typical of meningioma. However, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) and perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI) all revealed details that were unusual for a meningioma. DWI showed diffusion blackout, perfusion was not raised in PWI, and susceptibility effects were noted in SWI. Based on these findings, the possibility of granuloma was kept as the differential diagnosis. Histopathological examination of the lesion was suggestive of fungal granuloma. This case report highlights the importance of advanced neuroimaging techniques in differentiating meningioma and granuloma.
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PMID:Atypical fungal granuloma of the sphenoid wing. 1967 56

Age, gender, and performance status (PS) are important patient characteristics which might influence to cancer symptom profile. We conducted a secondary analysis of a symptom database to examine any interaction of these factors on symptom prevalence. 38 symptoms were assessed in 1000 consecutive patients with advanced cancer. The association of the three demographic factors with each symptom was examined using logistic regression analysis. Eight symptoms were associated with more than one of the three factors. Model-based estimates of symptom prevalence were calculated for 30 groups based on combinations of age, gender, and ECOG PS (0-4). Prevalence differences between various groups >10% were empirically classified as clinically relevant. The frequency of all eight symptoms (pain, constipation, sleep problems, nausea, anxiety, vomiting, sedation, and blackouts) was associated with more than one of the demographic characteristics of age, gender, and PS level. The prevalence of all eight decreased with older age. Females had more nausea, anxiety, and vomiting than males; males greater sleep problems. The prevalence of constipation, sedation, and blackouts was higher with worse PS, whereas pain and anxiety became less common with worse PS. Age, gender, and PS appeared to be associated with variations in the prevalence of eight gastrointestinal and neuropsychological symptoms in cancer patients. They should be included as important variables in clinical practice symptom research data.
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PMID:Symptom prevalence in advanced cancer: age, gender, and performance status interactions. 2169 40

College students who use alcohol and marijuana often use them simultaneously, so that their effects overlap. The present study examined whether negative consequences experienced by simultaneous alcohol and marijuana (SAM) users vary from those experienced by individuals who use alcohol and marijuana concurrently but not simultaneously (CAM) or single-substance users. We considered 9 types of consequences: cognitive, blackout, vomiting, academic/occupational, social, self-care, physical dependence, risky behaviors, and driving under the influence (DUI). Further, we examined whether consequences experienced by SAM users are attributed to using alcohol, marijuana, or both simultaneously. The sample included past-year alcohol and marijuana users age 18-24 (N = 1,390; 62% female; 69% White; 12% Hispanic) recruited from 3 U.S. college campuses. SAM users experienced a greater overall number of consequences than CAM or alcohol-only users, even controlling for frequency and intensity of alcohol and marijuana use and potentially confounding psychosocial and sociodemographic factors. Experiencing specific consequences differed between simultaneous and concurrent users, but after adjusting for consumption and other covariates, only blackouts differed. In contrast, SAM users were more likely to experience each consequence than alcohol-only users, with strongest effects for DUI, blackouts, and cognitive consequences. Among SAM users, consequences were most likely to be attributed to alcohol and were rarely attributed to simultaneous use. Being a user of both alcohol and marijuana and using alcohol and marijuana together so that their effects overlap each contribute to risk, suggesting there is value in targeting the mechanisms underlying type of user as well as those underlying type of use. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
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PMID:Consequences of alcohol and marijuana use among college students: Prevalence rates and attributions to substance-specific versus simultaneous use. 3194 87


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